Artificial intelligence 13cs041
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The document presents an overview of the history and current applications of artificial intelligence. It discusses early pioneers in AI research like Alan Turing and his work developing the Turing machine. Examples of modern AI applications discussed include IBM's Watson system for healthcare and finance, driverless vehicles, surgical robotics, and automated assembly lines. The document also explores ideas about the future of AI such as the concept of a technological singularity and developing strong artificial general intelligence.
Artificial intelligence 13cs041
- 1. Presented By: MANIK BEHL ROLL NO.13/CS/041
- 2. What is Artificial Intelligence “The ability of a digital computer or computer controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings.”
- 3. History of Artificial Intelligence Fast forward to 1935, when the earliest substantial work in this field was done by Alan Turing, a logician and computer pioneer. • Turing Machine 1951: Christopher Strachey wrote the first successful AI program • Computer checkers program 1956: John McCarthy coined the term Artificial Intelligence 1963: ANALOGY, a program created by Thomas Evans, proved that computers can solve IQ test analogy problems
- 4. History of Artificial Intelligence 1967: First successful knowledge-based program in science and mathematics 1972: SHRDLU created by Terry Winograd • Robot arm responded to commands 1987: Marvin Minsky publishes The Society of Mind, which portrays the brain as a series of cooperating agents 1997: A chess program, Deep Blue, beats the current world chess champion, Gary Kasparov 2000’s: Interactive robot smart toys are made commercially available
- 5. Where We Are Today? • IBM’s Watson • Driver-less Transportation • Automated Assembly Lines and Dangerous Jobs • Surgery Aid Robots
- 6. IBM’s Watson • IBM’s Watson is currently being put to work in healthcare and finance Watson’s Capabilities: • Natural language processing - to help understand the complexities of unstructured data which makes up as much as 90% of the data in the world today • Hypothesis generation and evaluation - by applying advanced analytics to weight and evaluate a panel of responses based on only relevant evidence • Evidence-based learning - to improve based on outcomes to get smarter with each iteration and interaction Watson in Medicine • Watson can incorporate treatment guidelines, electronic medical record data, doctor's and nurse's notes, research, clinical studies, journal articles, and patient information in order to better inform the doctor of a proper diagnosis Watson in Finance • capable of performing deep content analysis and evidence-based reasoning to accelerate and improve decisions, reduce operational costs, and optimize outcomes.
- 7. Driverless Transport • Google has been investing in a driverless car, and has completed over 480,000 autonomous-driving miles accident-free. • Through the use of cameras, sensors and special software built into vehicles manufacturers have been able to build cars that park themselves at the touch of a button. • Driverless trains carry passengers from city to city in Japan without the need for human help. • Google’s driverless car relies on lasers and sensors to spot obstacles, interpret signs and interact with traffic and pedestrians. • Artificial intelligence takes away the responsibility from the drivers, and also eliminates the danger of distracted driving and boasts a reaction time much faster than that of any human.
- 8. Surgical Aid Robots • Cedars-Sinai Medical Center relies on special software to examine the heart and stop heart attacks before they occur • Artificial muscles feature smart technology that allows them to function more like real muscles. • Penelope, a Robotic Surgery Assistant developed at Columbia University can not only pass the correct tools to doctors, but also keep track of these tools and learn about a doctor's preferences through artificial intelligence. • The most advanced surgical robots are programmed to perform the entire surgery on their own, except for the suturing or the cutting. In these operations, a surgeon stands by just in case something goes wrong. • Miniature intelligent robots are being developed for eye surgeries.
- 9. Automated Assembly Lines and Dangerous Jobs • Some countries have put smart robots to work disabling land mines and handling radioactive materials in order to limit the risk to human workers. • Ford is using an Artificial Intelligence based approach for vehicle assembly process planning, ergonomics analysis, and a system that uses machine translation to translate assembly-build instructions for assembly plants that don't use English. • Other Companies such as GM have developed robots with Artificial Intelligence techniques to inspect cars made by humans
- 10. Next Generation Traffic Control • Artificial Intelligence in traffic lights seeks to improve the efficiency of traffic flow, hence improving road space utilization, reducing journey times and potentially, improving fuel efficiency, as well as reducing the impact of cars on the road. • In the future, they want to create a traffic control system that thinks like a human in directing traffic. • “We can consider a future where all vehicles are equipped with Wi-Fi and GPS and can transmit their positions to signalized junctions. This opens the way to the use of artificial intelligence approaches to traffic control such as machine learning."
- 11. Future of A.I. 2050: Estimated date of the emergence of the Singularity, or greater-than-human super-intelligence. At this point, it’s thought that certain machines will exceed the human brain in terms of intelligence It’s believed that this breakthrough will lead to a rapid advancement in technology, as super intelligent A.I. designs new computers and machines at a rate no human could
- 12. Strong A.I. Strong A.I. is intelligence that matches or exceeds that of human intelligence Ultimate goal of A.I. research Weak A.I. is narrow/more focused than strong A.I. Whole Brain emulation- Mapping and re-creating the human brain through neuro- imaging
- 13. Comparison Artificial Intelligence Non Creative Precise Consistency Multitasking Natural Intelligence Creative May Contain Error Non Consistent Can’t Handle
- 14. ADVANTAGES OF AI The main advantages of AI is high speed, great efficiency, accuracy, make task very easy & use in robotics. There are many advantages in different field areas like medical communication science, military application & also in the defense system.
- 15. Drawbacks of A.I Limited Ability Slow Real Time Response Can’t Handle Emergency situation Difficult code High Cost
- 16. CONCLUSION •Artificial Intelligence is the science and engineering of making intelligent machines, especially intelligent computer programs. •Thus AI is the branch of the science which generally involves borrowing characteristic from human intelligence and apply them as algorithms in a computer.
- 17. References http://www-03.ibm.com/innovation/us/watson/index.shtml http://googleblog.blogspot.hu/2012/08/the-self-driving-car-logs-more-miles-on.html http://Google_driverless_car/artificialintelligence.html http://dsc.discovery.com/tv-shows/curiosity/topics/ways-artificial-intelligence-will-affect- our-lives.html http://curiosity.discovery.com/question/robots-perform-surgery http://www.columbiasurgery.org/news/si/2005_penelope.html http://www.futureforall.org/ai/artificial_intelligence.htm http://aitopics.net/BriefHistory http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/csep590/06au/projects/history-ai. pdf http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/37146/artificial-intelligence-AI