20110705 clusters & innovation ecosystems
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The document discusses clusters and innovation ecosystems. It defines clusters as concentrations of interconnected companies, suppliers, and associated institutions in a particular field that reach a critical mass. It also describes innovation ecosystems as networks of actors that exchange knowledge and people within a regional context. The document provides examples of successful clusters like Silicon Valley. It identifies factors for successful clusters, such as talent flow, specialized knowledge, and policy support. It also notes areas where Europe lags clusters in the US, such as tenure length, national science competition, and an innovation arena dominated by large players. The document concludes that knowledge is an underutilized resource in innovation ecosystems and that people are the most important factor for cluster success.
20110705 clusters & innovation ecosystems
- 1. Clusters & Innovation Ecosystems July 5th, Utrecht Frans Nauta
- 2. Clusters & Innovation Ecosystems July 5th, Utrecht @fnauta Frans Nauta
- 3. 1. Clusters 2. Innovation Ecosystems 3. Lessons learned
- 4. 1 Clusters
- 5. Clusters • Enough resources and competences amass and reach a critical threshold; • Giving it a key position in a given economic branch of activity; • With a decisive sustainable competitive advantage over other places, or even a world supremacy in that field.
- 6. Clusters • Enough resources and competences amass and reach a critical threshold; • Giving it a key position in a given economic branch of activity; • With a decisive sustainable competitive advantage over other places, or even a world supremacy in that field. "There are no low-tech industries, only low-tech firms"
- 8. Fred Terman @ Stanford
- 13. A secret history of Silicon Valley: www.steveblank.com
- 18. SCUOLA INTERNAZIONALE DI LIUTERIA A. STRADIVARI • 1938 founded • 1950: 6 students • 2008: 150 students - 30 South-Korea - 26 Japan - 6 China - 3 Taiwan
- 21. HortResearch
- 22. HortResearch
- 25. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 26. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange 1 research education other regions
- 27. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors 2 national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange 1 research education other regions
- 28. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors 2 national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European 3 Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange 1 research education other regions
- 29. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors 2 national policy 4 exchange knowledge & policy people European 3 Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange 1 research education other regions
- 30. regional socio-economic & cultural context 5 (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors 2 national policy 4 exchange knowledge & policy people European 3 Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange 1 research education other regions
- 31. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 32. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 33. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 34. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 35. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 36. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 37. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 38. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 39. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development ✓ ✓ international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research ✓ education other regions
- 40. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 41. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 42. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 43. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 44. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 45. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 46. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 47. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 48. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 49. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development ✓ ✓ international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 50. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development ✓ ✓ international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 51. regional socio-economic & cultural context (inter)national knowledge usage context customers suppliers national innovation system industry partners competitors national policy exchange knowledge & policy people European Union knowledge development ✓ ✓ international organisations knowledge labour market exchange research education other regions
- 53. 3 Some lessons learned
- 54. "All happy families are alike; each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way."
- 55. "All happy clusters are alike; families each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way."
- 56. "All happy clusters are alike; families each unhappy cluster is unhappy family in its own way."
- 57. Ingredients happy cluster • Constant high talent-flow • Highly specialized knowledge • Rising tide • 30 minutes travel time • Policy commitment • Sophisticated demand • Lunch instead of lawyers • Bias for Action
- 58. Europe is lagging • Very late to the game (1951!) • Tenure 12 months pay to comfortable • National instead of EU science competition • Funding fundamental research dominates • Innovation arena dominated by big players - To many subsidies - To much red tape • Flawed regulatory framework - Bankruptcy laws - VC tax incentives (SBIC)
- 59. In general, knowledge is the under-utilized resource in innovation ecosystems
- 60. It's the people, stupid! 'Every cluster has it's Terman'
- 61. Thank you for your attention
Editor's Notes
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- #6: start 1891, Leland Stanford oprichter\n\n
- #7: 1930\n
- #8: HP start in 1939 in de garage, 367 Addison Avenue, Palo Alto\n
- #9: Packard, Hewlett en Terman in 1952\n
- #10: 24000 onderzoekers\n
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- #12: 1644 - 18 december 1737\n
- #13: Cremona, Lombardije, uurtje onder Milaan\nmidden 16e eeuw - begin 18e eeuw\n
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