ARCS Instructional Design Model: Motivating Learners
- 1. The ARCS Instructional Design Model: Motivating Learners Katherine Bandy EDT 610 St. Thomas University
- 3. ATTENTION Keller’s ARCS Instructional Design Model Stage 1:
- 4. ◦ Attention may be obtained in one of two ways (Pappas, 2015): Which one was used on the title slide?
- 5. Perceptual Arousal o Gain the learners’ attention with surprise, doubt, or disbelief (Pappas, 2015).
- 6. Inquiry Arousal o The stimulation of curiosity by posing challenging questions or problems to be solved (David, 2014). Do children need teachers in order to learn?
- 7. Variety o There are a variety of ways to evoke arousal in a learner by use of media. o Presenting information in the same way every time is boring (David, 2014).
- 8. o Videos are interesting and fun, but should not be relied upon exclusively.
- 9. Incongruity and Conflict o Pose statements that go against a learners’ past experience (David, 2014). o Present facts contrary to what the learners believe to be true (Pappas, 2015).
- 10. A Sugata Mitra quote from his 2013 award winning TED talk “The Hole in the Wall” “Experiments show that children in unsupervised groups are capable of answering questions many years ahead of the material they're learning in school. In fact, they seem to enjoy the absence of adult supervision, and they are very confident of finding the right answer” (Sugata Mitra quotes, 2019). For more reading on this project visit: http://www.hole-in-the- wall.com/Publications.html
- 11. Humor o Use with caution (Pappas, 2015) o Use a small amount, not too much to be distracting (David, 2014)
- 13. Each image is a link to an article about learner directed education. Click on the image to learn more about how to apply them in your classroom.
- 14. Real World Examples o Learners are motivated by practical application in real life (Pappas, 2015).
- 15. Active Participation o Great strategies for getting learners involved are games, role-play, or other hands-on methods (David, 2014). Make observations in your daily life. What kinds of learning do you see happening without adult intervention?
- 16. RELEVANCE Keller’s ARCS Instructional Design Model Stage 2:
- 17. RELEVANCE Link to Experience, Present Worth and, Future Usefulness Modeling Choice (Pappas, 2015)
- 18. Christopher Pappas on CHOICE “Giving learners choice upon their own instructional strategy is another factor that increases motivation. This occurs because of the fact that adult learners know exactly what they want to learn and how. They have preferences on specific learning methods or media that they may find more effective for them compared to others” (2019).
- 19. Think about your education, then think about, according to this research, where education is headed… Connect the past with the future implications. Then connect it to why it might be important here in the present…
- 20. Do you think there might be a little more of this:
- 21. And a little less of this?
- 22. Remember it has already been proven that: Experiments show that children in unsupervised groups are capable of answering questions many years ahead of the material they're learning in school. In fact, they seem to enjoy the absence of adult supervision, and they are very confident of finding the right answer. ~Sugata Mitra Read more at: https://www.brainyquote.com/authors/sugata_mitra
- 23. CONFIDENCE Keller’s ARCS Instructional Design Model Stage 3:
- 24. Create a timeline with a step by step process Help the learner see the goal clearly and how to evaluate progress. Talk to the learner about progress to reinforce positive growth. Success is dependent on how much effort is applied by the learner. Facilitate Self Growth Goal Orientation Provide Feedback Hand Over Control (Pappas, 2015), (David, 2014)
- 25. SATISFACTION Keller’s ARCS Instructional Design Model Stage 4:
- 26. Praise or Rewards “Sadly, in many cases, the assumption that children are incompetent, irresponsible, and in need of constant direction and supervision becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy. The children themselves become convinced of their incompetence and irresponsibility, and may act accordingly. The surest way to foster any trait in a person is to treat that person as if he or she already has it.” ― Dr. Peter Gray (2015)
- 27. Fostering a Positive Atmosphere Too much praise at the wrong time is patronizing (David, 2014). To little at a crucial moment is a setback. Know what your learners want, and do not want, as praise. Often the achievement is reward enough (Pappas, 2015).
- 28. Immediate Application Encourage learners to apply their new skills in real life scenarios (Pappas, 2015).
- 29. Go on, try it! Run a SOLE session in your classroom (2019): Click on the image to go to the website and follow the instructions. Do not forget to run it by your principal or headmaster.
- 30. John Keller’s ARCS Instructional Design Model for Motivation in the Classroom Attention Relevance Confidence Satisfaction
- 31. The ARCS Instructional Design Model: A Practical Application Katherine Bandy EDT 610 St. Thomas University
- 32. References David, L. (2014, July 23). ARCS Model of Motivational Design Theories (Keller). Retrieved March 25, 2019, from https://www.learning- theories.com/kellers-arcs-model-of-motivational-design.html Gray, P. (2015). Free to learn: Why unleashing the instinct to play will make our children happier, more self-reliant, and better students for life. New York, NY: Basic Books. Mitra, Sugata (2018, November 12). Retrieved March 27, 2019, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VGF3kjgCaMQ at TEDxNewcastle Pappas, C. (2015, May 20). Instructional Design Models And Theories: Keller's ARCS Model Of Motivation. Retrieved March 25, 2019, from https://elearningindustry.com/arcs-model-of-motivation
- 33. References continued Spencer, J. (2019, March 06). Five Ways to Boost Metacognition In the Classroom. Retrieved March 31, 2019, from http://www.spencerauthor.com/metacognition/ Sugata Mitra Quotes. (n.d.). BrainyQuote.com. Retrieved March 28, 2019, from BrainyQuote.com Web site: https://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/sugata_mitra_554169 Tarte, J., Ed.D. (2013, November 1). 5 ways to make your classroom more student-centered. Retrieved March 31, 2019, from http://www.justintarte.com/2013/11/5-ways-to-make-your- classroom- more.html Whitton, D. (2017, July 30). Enhancing Home Education with Self- Organized Learning Environments: Innovative methods challenging