Assignment on high availability(clustering)
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The document discusses high availability (HA) clustering which uses multiple computers to minimize downtime for server applications. It describes different types of HA clustering including connectivity-based, centroid-based, distribution-based, and density-based clustering. Specific examples of implementing HA are also provided for DNS, VMs, DHCP, SQL, domains, storage, web applications, file servers, and networks.
Assignment on high availability(clustering)
- 1. ASSIGNMENT ON HIGH AVAILABILITY (CLUSTERING) PREPARED BY: MD. SHIHAB HOSSAIN
- 2. WHAT IS HIGH AVAILABILITY? • High-availability clusters (also known as HA clusters or fail- over clusters) are groups of computers that support server applications that can be reliably utilized with a minimum amount of down-time.
- 3. TYPES OF HIGH AVAILABILITY • Connectivity-based clustering (hierarchical clustering) • Centroid-based clustering • Distribution-based clustering • Density-based clustering
- 4. CONNECTIVITY-BASED CLUSTERING (HIERARCHICAL CLUSTERING) • Connectivity based clustering, also known as hierarchical clustering, is based on the core idea of objects being more related to nearby objects than to objects farther away.
- 5. CENTROID-BASED CLUSTERING • In centroid-based clustering, clusters are represented by a central vector, which may not necessarily be a member of the data set. When the number of clusters is fixed to k, k-means clustering gives a formal definition as an optimization problem: find the k cluster centers and assign the objects to the nearest cluster center, such that the squared distances from the cluster are minimized.
- 6. DISTRIBUTION-BASED CLUSTERING • The clustering model most closely related to statistics is based on distribution models. Clusters can then easily be defined as objects belonging most likely to the same distribution.
- 7. DENSITY-BASED CLUSTERING • In density-based clustering, clusters are defined as areas of higher density than the remainder of the data set. Objects in these sparse areas - that are required to separate clusters - are usually considered to be noise and border points
- 8. HIGH AVAILABILITY ON DNS TO PROVIDE A HIGH-AVAILABILITY TO OUR DNS SERVERS, WE WILL CONFIGURE TWO SERVERS. ONE SERVER WILL ACT AS THE PRIMARY ONE WHEREAS THE OTHER WILL ACT AS THE SECONDARY ONE. THE GOAL IS TO ENSURE THE CONTINUITY OF OUR DNS SERVICE IF ONE SERVER CRASH
- 9. HIGH AVAILABILITY ON VM • Enabled by a server cluster, high availability is a hypervisor feature that limits downtime when a virtual machine (VM) fails. VMware vSphere, Microsoft Hyper-V and Citrix XenServer offer high-availability features to ease disaster recovery in virtual infrastructures
- 10. HIGH AVAILABILITY ON DHCP ENSURING HIGH AVAILABILITY OF CRITICAL NETWORK SERVICES LIKE DHCP FIGURES HIGH IN THE LIST OF PRIORITIES FOR ANY ENTERPRISE. IN AN ENVIRONMENT WHERE CLIENTS GET THEIR IP ADDRESSES AND NETWORK CONFIGURATION AUTOMATICALLY, UNINTERRUPTED NETWORK CONNECTIVITY IS DEPENDENT ON THE AVAILABILITY OF DHCP
- 11. HIGH AVAILABILITY ON SQL THIS TOPIC INTRODUCES SEVERAL SQL SERVER HIGH-AVAILABILITY SOLUTIONS THAT IMPROVE THE AVAILABILITY OF SERVERS OR DATABASES. A HIGH- AVAILABILITY SOLUTION MASKS THE EFFECTS OF A HARDWARE OR SOFTWARE FAILURE AND MAINTAINS THE AVAILABILITY OF APPLICATIONS SO THAT THE PERCEIVED DOWNTIME FOR USERS IS MINIMIZED.
- 12. HIGH AVAILABILITY ON DOMAIN MULTI-DOMAIN SERVER HIGH AVAILABILITY - MULTIPLE MULTI-DOMAIN SERVERS ARE, BY DEFAULT, AUTOMATICALLY SYNCHRONIZED WITH EACH OTHER.
- 13. HIGH AVAILABILITY ON STORAGE HIGH-AVAILABILITY STORAGE (HA STORAGE) IS A STORAGE SYSTEM THAT IS CONTINUOUSLY OPERATIONAL OR PROVIDES AT LEAST 99% UPTIME.
- 14. HIGH AVAILABILITY ON WEB CONFIGURING HIGH AVAILABILITY FOR WEB TIER COMPONENTS THAT RECEIVES EACH INCOMING HTTP REQUEST AND INVOKES THE REQUESTED BUSINESS LOGIC OPERATION IN THE APPLICATION. BASED ON THE RESULTS OF THE OPERATION AND STATE OF THE MODEL, THE NEXT VIEW IS SELECTED TO DISPLAY
- 15. HIGH AVAILABILITY ON FILE SERVER A CLUSTERED FILE SYSTEM IS A FILE SYSTEM WHICH IS SHARED BY BEING SIMULTANEOUSLY MOUNTED ON MULTIPLE SERVERS. THERE ARE SEVERAL APPROACHES TO CLUSTERING, MOST OF WHICH DO NOT EMPLOY A CLUSTERED FILE SYSTEM (ONLY DIRECT ATTACHED STORAGE FOR EACH NODE).
- 16. HIGH AVAILABILITY ON NETWORK HIGH-AVAILABILITY ROUTING SYSTEMS ARE A GROWING REQUIREMENT, PARTICULARLY AT THE NETWORK EDGE WHERE CIRCUITS ARE TERMINATED AND REROUTING AROUND A FAILED DEVICE IS OFTEN NOT AN OPTION