Automaticroomlightcontrollerwith bidirectionalvisitorcounterby vivek kumar kushwaha
- 1. A PRESENTATION AUTOMATIC-ROOM-LIGHT-CONTROLLER-WITH- BIDIRECTIONAL-VISITOR-COUNTER- BY VIVEK KUMAR KUSHWAHA
- 2. A presentation on ENERGY SAVING SYSTEM Under the supervision of Mr. P. N. Verma (Assistant Professor, EED) Submitted to Department of Electrical Engineering Submitted by: Vivek Kumar kushwaha(1473520910) Sudhir Kumar Tiwari(1373520049) Ravi Kumar((1473520906) Vikas(1373520052)
- 3. CONTENTS Objective of the work. Introduction. Working. Block Diagram. Power Supply. Enter and Exit circuit. Transmission Circuit. Receiver circuit. Microcontroller. Relay Circuit. Advantages and Disadvantages.
- 4. Objective of the work: The aim of our project is to make a controller which can sense if any person enters the room and it lights up the room automatically and also counts how many person are entering the room or going out of it. It is made to unwanted prevent electric power waste in schools, colleges, offices and houses. This whole process is operated totally automatically by its sensors.
- 5. Introduction Usually when a person enters the room in darkness, we find it difficult to locate the wall-mounted switch board to switch “on” the light. For a stranger it is tougher still as he has no knowledge of the correct switch to be turned on. Here is our reliable circuit that takes over the task of switching “on” and switching “off” the light automatically when somebody enters or leaves the room during darkness. The circuit has following salient features:
- 6. Working:
- 8. BLOCK DIAGRAM DESCRIPTION:- Power Supply Here we used +12V and +5V dc power supply. The main function of this block is to provide the required amount of voltage to essential circuits. +12 voltage is given. +12V is given to relay driver. To get the +5V dc power supply we have used here IC 7805, which provides the +5V dc regulated power supply.
- 9. Enter and Exit Circuits:- There are two main parts of the circuits. Transmission Circuits (Infrared LEDs) Receiver Circuit
- 10. Transmission Circuit: IR Transmitter: We have implemented the Person counter module using 2 transmitters and 2 receivers. We have used Infra-Red transmitters. Reason behind choosing IR LED is, infrared beams are not visible to human eyes and they are not easily triggered by other sources in the environment. Transmitters used are IR LEDs.
- 11. RECEIVER :- We have used IR sensor as an Infrared receiver. It is an active low device, which means it gives low output when it receives the Infrared rays. So when the IR rays are interrupted by any person then microcontroller will receive a high pulse from the IR receiver.
- 12. A microcontroller is device, which contains all the device necessary to form working system, in a single chip. Therefore, inside the microcontroller we find a central processing unit (CPU), program memory, data memory, I/O ports, serial communication interface. MICROCONTROLLER(AT89S52)
- 13. A single pole dabble throw (SPDT) relay is connected to port RB1 of the microcontroller through a driver transistor. The relay requires 9 volts at a current of around 100ma, which cannot provide by the microcontroller. So the driver transistor is added. RELAY CIRCUIT:
- 14. Light emitting diodes are diodes (electronic components that let electricity pass in only one direction) that emit visible light when electricity is applied, much like a light bulb. When many LEDs are side-by-side, they can create pictures, such as the scrolling red LED signs found everywhere PHOTO DIODE:- The Photo diode have two terminals for Vcc (Anode) (+5v), ground(cathode). In the normal state. It receive light from the IR transmitter and it will act like a closed switch. So the entire voltage will go to the ground Whenever the object (or) obstacle come between the IR transmitter and Photo diode at the time Photo diode will act as a open switch The entire voltage will go to inverting terminal of op-amp LED (light emitting diode):-
- 15. Circuit Diagram:
- 16. Low cost Easy to use Can be used for counting purposes Can be used for automatic room light control The Most advantage is that it will help to save electricity. When no one is there in room the appliances will be off. Advantage
- 17. Disadvantages • It is used only when one person cuts the rays of the sensor hence cannot be used when two or more persons cross the door simultaneously. • When anybody is inside the room and we need to switch off the power then we’ve to do it manually. So, in this case we fail to automatically control the light. • In seven segment display board we can count up to a certain no of people entering into the room. If the no of body entering the room is greater than the maximum limit of the display board then we fail to count it.