Beginners: An Quick Introduction to 3GPP
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3GPP is the 3rd Generation Partnership Project, an international standards organization that develops protocols for mobile telecommunications. It was formed in 1998 to create a single global standard for 3G networks based on IMT-2000. 3GPP brings together seven telecommunications standards development organizations to produce technical specifications that are then adopted as standards.
![Evolution of Mobile Networks and ITU IMT Vision
©3G4G
CS
PS
1990 2000 2010 2020
IMT-2000 IMT-Advanced IMT-2020
Voice & SMS
PS Data MBB
eMBB
URLLC
mMTC
CSFB to 3G
CSFB to 2G
VoLTE
CS Data
[2G] [3G] [4G] [4.5G] [5G]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/basics016anintroductionto3gpp-230528093242-b0b1f273/85/Beginners-An-Quick-Introduction-to-3GPP-14-320.jpg)
Beginners: An Quick Introduction to 3GPP
- 1. Beginners: A Quick Introduction to 3GPP (The 3rd Generation Partnership Project) @3g4gUK
- 2. What is 3GPP? ©3G4G • 3GPP is the Third Generation Partnership Project
- 3. Why was 3GPP formed? ©3G4G • There was too many standards in 1G & 2G. This fragmentation meant that we cannot achieve economy of scale and bring the prices down. Hence 3GPP was formed, to create a single Global standard. • Did it succeed? • No and Yes Source: Wikipedia
- 4. When did 3GPP start? ©3G4G • 3GPP officially started in December 1998 with the aim to create 3G specifications and standards based on ITU’s IMT-2000. • IMT-2000 was called Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunications System (FPLMTS) in the start
- 5. What does 3GPP do? ©3G4G • 3GPP brings together seven telecommunications standard development organizations (SDOs), known as Organizational Partners’, providing their members with a stable environment to produce the Reports and Specifications that define the 3GPP system. • Technical Specifications are then transposed by the OPs into their appropriate deliverables (e.g., standards).
- 6. The Organizational Partners (OPs) ©3G4G ARIB www.arib.or.jp The Association of Radio Industries and Businesses, Japan ATIS www.atis.org The Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions, USA CCSA www.ccsa.org.cn China Communications Standards Association ETSI www.etsi.org The European Telecommunications Standards Institute TSDSI http://tsdsi.org/ Telecommunications Standards Development Society, India TTA www.tta.or.kr Telecommunications Technology Association, Korea TTC www.ttc.or.jp Telecommunication Technology Committee, Japan Source: 3GPP
- 7. Important to Remember ©3G4G • 3GPP specifications are not standards, they have no legal standing. They become “official” standards once one or more of the OPs (national / international standards bodies) transposes them. SDOs General policy and strategy Technical Specifications Standards
- 8. ©3G4G
- 9. 3GPP Ecosystem ©3G4G • The 3GPP Organizational Partners (OP) are the seven Standards Developing Organizations (SDOs) - from China, Europe, India, Japan, Korea and the United States. • Participation in 3GPP is made possible by companies and organizations becoming Individual Members (IM) of one of the OPs. • Specific inputs, in the form of market requirements may also come into the Project via any of the twenty Market Representation Partners (MRP) in 3GPP. These organizations have all signed up to the 3GPP Project scope and objectives. • Lots of external cooperation with other standards bodies and a broad variety of other groups, by way of formal Liaisons. 5G Projects Certification 450 MHz Alliance AISG Bluetooth Broadband Forum (BBF) CableLabs International Special Committee on Radio Interference (CISPR) CTIA Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) Project Ecma International Expert Group for Emergency Access (EGEA) Eurescom COST 273 European Radiocommunications Committee (ERC) Fixed Mobile Convergence Alliance (FMCA) Global Certification Forum (GCF) Global TD-LTE Initiative (GTD) GPS Industry Council GSM Association HomeRF Forum IDB Forum IEEE Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) IrDA International Multimedia Telecomunications Consortium (IMTC) Internet Streaming Media Alliance ISO-ITU expert group ISO MPEG / JPEG ITU-T SG2 JAIN tm (Javatm APIs for Integrated Networks) The Java Community Process (JCP) Liberty Alliance Project LTE/SAE Trial Initiative (LSTI) Metro Ethernet Forum (MEF) NENA NGMN (Next Generation Mobile Networks) oneM2M OMA (Open Mobile Alliance ) Open Networking Foundation (ONF) Open IPTV Forum Object Management Group (OMG) PCS Type Certification Review Board (PTCRB) Portable Computer and Communications Association (PCCA) Presence and Availability Management (PAM) Forum RSA Laboratories SDR Forum Sun Micro Systems Inc Steerco SyncML Initiative Trusted Computing Group (TCG) TeleManagement Forum (TMF) TCCA TIA /TR45 TIA/TR47 TV-anytime Forum Voice eXtensible Mark-up Language (VXML) Forum Wi-Fi Alliance Wireless Broadband Alliance (WBA) WLAN Smart Card Consortium Wireless World Research Forum (WWRF) World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Formal Liaisons Organizational Partners (OPs) Market Representation Partners (MRPs) Standards bodies Source: 3GPP
- 10. Market Representation Partners (MRPs) ©3G4G • Specific inputs, in the form of market requirements may also come into the Project via any of about twenty Market Representation Partners (MRP). These organizations have all signed up to the 3GPP Project scope and objectives. Source: 3GPP
- 11. Verticals, Operators & Vendors @3GPP ©3G4G Affirmed Networks // Apple // Blackberry // Broadcomm // CATT // Cisco // Ericsson // ETRI // Futurwei // Google // HP // Huawei ABS Airbus Alibaba BBC Bosch Fraunhofer IRT (Germany) IPCom ITRI ligado networks Siemens Suomen Virveverkko Tencent Thales NL Police Infineon // Intel // Interdigital // Juniper // Kapsch // Kyocera // Lenovo // LG // Matrixx Sw // Mavenir // MediaTek // Mitsubishi Motorola Mobility // Newtec // Nokia // OPPO // Samsung // Sandvine // Sharp // Sony // Spirent // Vivo // XiaoMi // ZTE AT&T // Avanti // Bell Canada // BT // CableLabs // CAICT // Charter // China Mobile // China Telecom // China Unicom // CISA // FirstNet Hughes // Immarsat // Intelsat // KDDI // KPN // KT // LG U+ // NTT DoCoMo // Orange // Rogers // SES // SK Telecom // Softbank Sprint // Telecom Italia // Telefonica // Telenor // Leonardo // Telia // Telstra // Telus // T-Mobile // Turkcell // UK HO // Verizon // Vodafone Convida DLR EBU ESA Eutelsat NHK Novamint Omesh Philips Sennheiser TNO Toyota UIC Volkswagen ZITiS (this slide only names a subset of companies which attended September 2019 3GPP plenaries) Source: 3GPP
- 12. How does One Become Member of 3GPP? ©3G4G • Individuals cannot become 3GPP members, only organisations (companies, government departments, educational establishments, etc.) can. • There is no direct membership to 3GPP as it is a Partnership project. • The delegates come to 3GPP via their organization’s membership of one of the seven 3GPP Organizational Partners. • The organization that joins 3GPP becomes an ‘Individual member’ • An organisation can be ‘Full Individual Members’, ‘Observers’ and ‘Guest’
- 13. Standards Roadmap: All roads lead to LTE and 5G ©3G4G UMTS LTE 5G GSM GPRS HSPA HSPA+ LTE-A LTE-A Pro TD-SCDMA TD-HSPA cdmaOne CDMA2000 1X CDMA2000 1X EV-DO eHRPD 3GPP2 3GPP CCSA (China) 2G 3G 4G 5G 1xEV-DO: Enhanced Voice-Data Optimized CDMA ONE: Code Division Multiple Access One EDGE: Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution eHRPD: Enhanced High Rate Packet Data GPRS: General Packet Radio Service GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications HSPA: High Speed Packet Access HSPA+: High Speed Packet Access Plus OFDMA: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access SCDMA: Synchronous CDMA TD: Time Division TD-SOFDMA TD Scalable OFDMA UMTS: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
- 14. Evolution of Mobile Networks and ITU IMT Vision ©3G4G CS PS 1990 2000 2010 2020 IMT-2000 IMT-Advanced IMT-2020 Voice & SMS PS Data MBB eMBB URLLC mMTC CSFB to 3G CSFB to 2G VoLTE CS Data [2G] [3G] [4G] [4.5G] [5G]
- 15. ITU-R IMT-Advanced VAN Diagram ©3G4G Source: ITU
- 16. 5G (IMT-2020) Requirements ©3G4G 10 years battery life M2M Ultra low cost 100 x More devices than 4G >10 Gbps Peak data rates 100 Mbps Whenever needed 10000 x More traffic than 4G UR Ultra-Reliable (99.999%) < 1 ms Low latency on radio interface 1,000,000 devices per km2 ITU-R IMT-2020 requirements ITU recommendation ITU-R M.2083-0
- 17. ©3G4G
- 18. 5G and IMT-2020 ©3G4G ITU-R World Radio Conference (WRC) ITU-R IMT-2020 Requirements Spectrum Requirements Submission 1: SRIT Component RIT: NR Component RIT: E-UTRA/LTE Submission 2: NR RIT Standalone (SA) Theoretical Peak Data Rates for 5G – NR RIT (SA) is: • Downlink: 140 Gbit/s • Uplink: 65 Gbit/s Non-Standalone (NSA) Theoretical Peak Data Rates for 5G – SRIT (NSA) is: • Downlink: 140 Gbit/s + 32 Gbit/s = 172 Gbit/s • Uplink: 65 Gbit/s + 13.6 Gbit/s = 78.6 Gbit/s RIT = Radio Interface Technology SRIT = Set of Radio Interface Technologies
- 19. 3GPP meets IMT-2020 ©3G4G Source: 3GPP
- 20. IMT-Family and Naming Conventions ©3G4G Source: ITU
- 21. 3GPP Releases Timeline ©3G4G R99 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R17 R18 R19 R20 R21 R22 1999 2002 2009 2011 2016 2019 2022 3G 3.5G (HSDPA) 3GPP Release Dates on 3GPP Portal 4G Real 4G (LTE-A) 2026 4.5G (LTE-A Pro) 2029 5G 6G 5.5G Red indicates dates and features are not confirmed
- 22. 3GPP Organisation & Releases Overview ©3G4G
- 23. 3GPP Organisation ©3G4G • 3GPP – The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (“the project”) • PCG – Coordination of 3GPP by the Organizational Partners (OPs) TSG RAN Radio Access Network RAN WG1 Radio Layer 1 spec RAN WG2 Radio Layer 2 spec Radio Layer 3 RR spec RAN WG3 lub spec, lur spec, lu spec UTRAN O&M requirements (Radio CN Interfaces) RAN WG4 Radio Performance Protocol aspects RAN WG5 Mobile Terminal Conformance Testing RAN WG6 GSM EDGE Radio Access Network TSG SA Service & Systems Aspects SA WG1 Services SA WG2 Architecture SA WG3 Security SA WG4 Codec & Media SA WG5 Telecom Management SA WG6 Mission-Critical Applications TSG CT Core Network & Terminals CT WG1 MM/CC/SM (lu) (end-to-end aspects) CT WG3 Interworking with external networks CT WG4 MAP/GTP/BCH/SS (protocols within the CN) CT WG6 Smart Card Application Aspects Project Coordination Group (PCG) Source: 3GPP
- 24. Responsibilities Within 3GPP ©3G4G Data (IP) Network Core Network (CN) Radio Access Network (RAN) Terminals (T) Scope of PCG PCG - Project Coordination Group TSG - Technical Specification Groups RAN - Radio Access Network CT - Core Network & Terminals SA - Service & Systems Aspects
- 25. 3GPP Organisation ©3G4G • 3GPP – The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (“the project”) • PCG – Coordination of 3GPP by the Organizational Partners (OPs) • Technical Specification Groups (TSGs) covering different aspects of 3GPP system & process TSG RAN Radio Access Network RAN WG1 Radio Layer 1 spec RAN WG2 Radio Layer 2 spec Radio Layer 3 RR spec RAN WG3 lub spec, lur spec, lu spec UTRAN O&M requirements (Radio CN Interfaces) RAN WG4 Radio Performance Protocol aspects RAN WG5 Mobile Terminal Conformance Testing RAN WG6 GSM EDGE Radio Access Network TSG SA Service & Systems Aspects SA WG1 Services SA WG2 Architecture SA WG3 Security SA WG4 Codec & Media SA WG5 Telecom Management SA WG6 Mission-Critical Applications TSG CT Core Network & Terminals CT WG1 MM/CC/SM (lu) (end-to-end aspects) CT WG3 Interworking with external networks CT WG4 MAP/GTP/BCH/SS (protocols within the CN) CT WG6 Smart Card Application Aspects Project Coordination Group (PCG) Source: 3GPP
- 26. Responsibilities Within 3GPP ©3G4G Data (IP) Network Core Network (CN) Radio Access Network (RAN) Terminals (T) Scope of TSG RAN PCG - Project Coordination Group TSG - Technical Specification Groups RAN - Radio Access Network CT - Core Network & Terminals SA - Service & Systems Aspects
- 27. 3GPP Organisation ©3G4G • 3GPP – The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (“the project”) • PCG – Coordination of 3GPP by the Organizational Partners (OPs) • Technical Specification Groups (TSGs) covering different aspects of 3GPP system & process TSG RAN Radio Access Network RAN WG1 Radio Layer 1 spec RAN WG2 Radio Layer 2 spec Radio Layer 3 RR spec RAN WG3 lub spec, lur spec, lu spec UTRAN O&M requirements (Radio CN Interfaces) RAN WG4 Radio Performance Protocol aspects RAN WG5 Mobile Terminal Conformance Testing RAN WG6 GSM EDGE Radio Access Network TSG SA Service & Systems Aspects SA WG1 Services SA WG2 Architecture SA WG3 Security SA WG4 Codec & Media SA WG5 Telecom Management SA WG6 Mission-Critical Applications TSG CT Core Network & Terminals CT WG1 MM/CC/SM (lu) (end-to-end aspects) CT WG3 Interworking with external networks CT WG4 MAP/GTP/BCH/SS (protocols within the CN) CT WG6 Smart Card Application Aspects Project Coordination Group (PCG) Source: 3GPP
- 28. Responsibilities Within 3GPP ©3G4G Data (IP) Network Core Network (CN) Radio Access Network (RAN) Terminals (T) Scope of TSG CT Scope of TSG CT PCG - Project Coordination Group TSG - Technical Specification Groups RAN - Radio Access Network CT - Core Network & Terminals SA - Service & Systems Aspects
- 29. 3GPP Organisation ©3G4G • 3GPP – The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (“the project”) • PCG – Coordination of 3GPP by the Organizational Partners (OPs) • Technical Specification Groups (TSGs) covering different aspects of 3GPP system & process TSG RAN Radio Access Network RAN WG1 Radio Layer 1 spec RAN WG2 Radio Layer 2 spec Radio Layer 3 RR spec RAN WG3 lub spec, lur spec, lu spec UTRAN O&M requirements (Radio CN Interfaces) RAN WG4 Radio Performance Protocol aspects RAN WG5 Mobile Terminal Conformance Testing RAN WG6 GSM EDGE Radio Access Network TSG SA Service & Systems Aspects SA WG1 Services SA WG2 Architecture SA WG3 Security SA WG4 Codec & Media SA WG5 Telecom Management SA WG6 Mission-Critical Applications TSG CT Core Network & Terminals CT WG1 MM/CC/SM (lu) (end-to-end aspects) CT WG3 Interworking with external networks CT WG4 MAP/GTP/BCH/SS (protocols within the CN) CT WG6 Smart Card Application Aspects Project Coordination Group (PCG) Source: 3GPP
- 30. Responsibilities Within 3GPP ©3G4G Data (IP) Network Core Network (CN) Radio Access Network (RAN) Terminals (T) Scope of TSG SA PCG - Project Coordination Group TSG - Technical Specification Groups RAN - Radio Access Network CT - Core Network & Terminals SA - Service & Systems Aspects
- 31. 3GPP Organisation ©3G4G • 3GPP – The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (“the project”) • PCG – Coordination of 3GPP by the Organizational Partners (OPs) • Technical Specification Groups (TSGs) covering different aspects of 3GPP system & process TSG RAN Radio Access Network RAN WG1 Radio Layer 1 spec RAN WG2 Radio Layer 2 spec Radio Layer 3 RR spec RAN WG3 lub spec, lur spec, lu spec UTRAN O&M requirements (Radio CN Interfaces) RAN WG4 Radio Performance Protocol aspects RAN WG5 Mobile Terminal Conformance Testing RAN WG6 GSM EDGE Radio Access Network TSG SA Service & Systems Aspects SA WG1 Services SA WG2 Architecture SA WG3 Security SA WG4 Codec & Media SA WG5 Telecom Management SA WG6 Mission-Critical Applications TSG CT Core Network & Terminals CT WG1 MM/CC/SM (lu) (end-to-end aspects) CT WG3 Interworking with external networks CT WG4 MAP/GTP/BCH/SS (protocols within the CN) CT WG6 Smart Card Application Aspects Project Coordination Group (PCG) Source: 3GPP
- 32. Responsibilities Within 3GPP ©3G4G Data (IP) Network Core Network (CN) Radio Access Network (RAN) Terminals (T) Scope of TSG RAN Scope of TSG CT Scope of TSG CT Scope of TSG SA Scope of PCG PCG - Project Coordination Group TSG - Technical Specification Groups RAN - Radio Access Network CT - Core Network & Terminals SA - Service & Systems Aspects
- 33. 3GPP Organisation ©3G4G • 3GPP – The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (“the project”) • PCG – Coordination of 3GPP by the Organizational Partners (OPs) • Technical Specification Groups (TSGs) covering different aspects of 3GPP system & process • TSGs are organized into Working Groups (WGs) • TSGs meet 4 times a year in the so-called “Plenary meetings” (co-located) • WGs meet once or more per plenary cycle (mostly not co-located) • Each TSG and each WG elects its own leadership (2 year terms / 2 terms) • Technical work is mostly done in WGs • Overall planning and coordination in TSGs TSG RAN Radio Access Network RAN WG1 Radio Layer 1 spec RAN WG2 Radio Layer 2 spec Radio Layer 3 RR spec RAN WG3 lub spec, lur spec, lu spec UTRAN O&M requirements (Radio CN Interfaces) RAN WG4 Radio Performance Protocol aspects RAN WG5 Mobile Terminal Conformance Testing RAN WG6 GSM EDGE Radio Access Network TSG SA Service & Systems Aspects SA WG1 Services SA WG2 Architecture SA WG3 Security SA WG4 Codec & Media SA WG5 Telecom Management SA WG6 Mission-Critical Applications TSG CT Core Network & Terminals CT WG1 MM/CC/SM (lu) (end-to-end aspects) CT WG3 Interworking with external networks CT WG4 MAP/GTP/BCH/SS (protocols within the CN) CT WG6 Smart Card Application Aspects Project Coordination Group (PCG) Source: 3GPP
- 34. Work Organisation and Planning ©3G4G • Work organization • Study Items, Work Items • Releases with fixed time-lines, which are partially overlapping • Work Plan (good overview) • 3 stages, often overlapping • Stage 1: Requirements • Stage 2: Architecture • Stage 3: Protocols Source: 3GPP
- 35. Stage 1/2/3 (very simplified SA view) ©3G4G SA1 Requirements SA2 Architecture SA3 Security SA4 Media SA5 OAM SA6 Apps/MC RAN Radio Access CT – Protocols & Coding Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 time Source: 3GPP
- 36. Simplified SA View of 3GPP Releases ©3G4G Release X Content & Timeline Planning Release X Stage 1 Studies Stage 1 Work Items Stage 2 Studies Stage 2Work Items Stage 3 Work Items 3 months Release X+1 Stage 3 Studies Source: 3GPP
- 37. Example of Release-18 Timeline ©3G4G Source: 3GPP
- 38. Summary - 3GPP On A Single Slide ©3G4G • Global standards organization for mobile communication • 760+ Companies from all over the world actively participating • A new Release every 15 to 24 months • A new Generation every 10 years – 3G/UMTS, 4G/LTE, 5G • Standards for all sectors of mobile communication – VoLTE, NB-IoT • ~20 Working Groups & TSGs, each meeting 4 to 8 times a year • Contribution driven • Consensus based TSG RAN Radio Access Networks TSG SA Services & Architecture TSG CT Core Network & Terminal CT1 end-2-end aspects CT3 interworking with external networks CT4 network internal protocols CT6 smart card applications RAN1 radio layer 1 RAN2 radio layer 2 & 3 RAN3 RAN-CN interface RAN4 radio performance RAN5 terminal testing RAN6 legacy radio SA1 services & requirements SA2 architecture SA3 security SA4 Codec SA5 management SA6 (mission critical) applications PCG Project Coordination Group Source: 3GPP
- 39. References & Further Reading ©3G4G • 3GPP: How we work (link) • ITU: An inside look at mobile broadband standards development (link) • Qualcomm OnQ Blog: Understanding 3GPP – starting with the basics, Aug 2017 by Lorenzo Casaccia (link) • 3GPP: Breakfast talks for newcomers (link) • 3GPP Newcomer Orientation (link) • Prakash Sangam on RCR Wireless: The inside story of 3GPP–Who are the unsung heroes that create the standards? (link) • The 3G4G Blog: IMT-2020 (5G) Requirements (link) • 5G PPP IMT-2020 Evaluation Group (link) • 3GPP meets IMT-2020 (link)
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