Building Performance Modeling: How to Use Modeling Analysis to Optimize Design Performance
- 1. 1- introduction- what is modelingBPM slides2. There are muultiple reasons to model- bechmark, code compliance3. Show integrated design, times to model4. Early design5. Middle design- parmetric study6. Whole building design model- appendix GTOOLS7. Trends
- 2. Modeling Analysis to Optimize Design PerformanceShillpa Singh, Senior Sustainability ManagerArpanBakshi, Sustainability ManagerYRG sustainability – www.yrgsustainability.com
- 3. YRG sustainabilityconsulting - education - analysisDesign & ConstructionBusiness & OperationsCommunitiesEducation & TrainingMarketing & Media
- 4. Learning ObjectivesDescribe capabilities of building modelingRecognize model outputsBe familiar with when simulation can be used to assist design decisionsUnderstand how modeling analysis can be implemented into your projects
- 5. AgendaBuilding Performance ModelingDesign AssistanceCompliance – BenchmarksSimulation toolsIntegrated Design Process
- 7. Building Performance ModelingWhat is a Building?Shelter for occupant comfortWhat is Performance? “The manner in which or the efficiency with which something reacts or fulfills its intended purpose”What is Simulation?Computer program for representation of the behavior or characteristicsWhat is Building Performance Modeling?
- 10. Modeling Reality
- 13. Path to Net ZeroNet-Zero Goals
- 15. Which is the right one for you?EUI kBTU/sfCO240% energy savingsCode Compliant$$LEED Gold
- 16. Market AverageCodeStep 1Step 2Step 3EUI TargetStep 4Benchmark
- 17. Defining Net-ZeroSource: Oregon Sustainability Center
- 19. HVACANDCONTROLSRENEWABLEENERGYWHOLE BUILDING ENERG MODELENERGY COST BUDGETDEMAND REDUCTIONPARAMETRIC ENERGY USAGEENVELOPE ANDDAYLIGHTRADIATION AND DAYLIGHTORIENTATIONANDPLACEMENTCLIMATE AND CONTEXTWhen Is The Right Time For You?12345Model Outputs
- 20. Climate AnalysisSummer Winds–Permeable EnvelopeOperable panes
- 21. Intake, Exhaust ventsWinter Winds– Thermal EnvelopeLow U-value
- 22. Low infiltration
- 23. Temperature
- 24. Precipitation
- 25. Wind
- 26. Shading Study Site Analysis
- 27. 09/21 09:0009/21 15:00Site Solar Position
- 28. New YorkDenver°FPhoenixHong Kong113+1049586776859504132Annual Temperature Profile
- 29. Cold Stress7000+ hoursComfortable900+ hoursHeat Stress200+ hoursSource:: Denver, CO TMY3 Weather DataThermal Stress
- 30. ObservationConstant annual rainfallCombination of high humidity and constant rainfall makes it a wet climateRecommendationDesign for water proofing and moisture penetrationAnnual rainfall 683.0 mm (26 inches)Driest month Oct with 40.0 mm rainfallWettest month Jun with 90.0 mm rainfall Monthly Rainfall
- 31. New York Wind Speed and DirectionActual Weather and Desired ComfortAnnual Wind, Temperature and Humidity Analysis
- 32. Floor Area= 9,600 SFBuilding Volume = 96,0000 cu.ft.Massing15,200 SF6,014 SF23,200 SFSURFACE AREA : SPACE VOLUME0.150.0630.24Envelope Area : Volume Ratio
- 33. June 21st @ 9:00 amUnited Nations Building – New York, NYBuilding Orientation – Solar AccessNActualRotated 90 degrees
- 34. Energy Efficiency Measure: Building ShapeAnnual energy savings = 1.6% or 120,000 rupeesSquare53.8 kBtu/SF/yr‘H Baseline’54.7 kBtu/SF/yr
- 35. Energy Efficiency Measure: Roof InsulationAnnual energy savings = 0.4% or 28,000 rupeesR-4054.5 kBtu/SF/yrR-1554.7 kBtu/SF/yr
- 36. Parametric StudiesComparative Analysis- Early Design
- 37. Brainstorming
- 39. EastSolar Location- Low Best practice- Vertical finsWestSolar Location- HighBest practice- Horizontal OverhangsSun Path- East and West Façades
- 40. All Vertical FinsAll Horizontal Shades20%Combination30%40%Shading System Optimization- Solar Radiation Analysis
- 41. 1:41:31:21:1Further Shading System Optimization –Vertical Fin Performance Metric
- 42. Depth-to-Distance RatiosHorizontal FinsFinFaçade (~84°)Max Incline Condition1 to 2.8 ratioTower InteriorMax Summer (75.9°)Max Winter (29.0°)FinFaçade (~90°)Typical Condition1 to 3.6 ratioTower InteriorMax Summer (75.9°)Max Winter (29.0°) Shading Fins – Range of Performance
- 43. Recommendations Cumulative Solar Exposure, Summer Season2010.09.04 Shading Devices – Summer Heat Gain Comparison
- 44. Whole Building Energy Model
- 45. 3D ModelsBeyond Design DWGsMech. ZoningOccupancyEquipmentLighting UseSet pointsEfficienciesSchedulesInformation…. InformationSource: Moma
- 48. GSHP reduces heating energy by 20%Electrical Carbon Footprint: 61 kBTU/sf
- 49. Heating Carbon Footrprint: 23 kBTU/sf
- 50. Emphasize on reduction of electrical energy consumption through lighting, cooling, fans, and pump efficienciesGround Source Heat Pump- Saving 2% of total building energy
- 53. Performance Rating MethodEnergy Cost vs Energy Use
- 54. Energy Use vs. Energy CostBaselineProposedBaselineProposed Background – Building Energy Picture2010.08.30
- 55. 10 LEED Points!!! * The energy model predicted return on investment of the project within 4 years of the project operations
- 58. ROI Payback
- 59. Capital Cost vs Operating CostOperating BudgetConstruction Budget
- 60. Building’s Performance – Simulation Opportunities
- 62. Climate ClassificationThe blue line is the temperature and humidity profile through the year. The site is in a cold climate majority of the time, and warm and dry for a short time of the year. Use the “moderate” period for passive cooling and heating, free cooling and economizer cycle.
- 63. Qc + Qv + Qr + Qi + Qe = 0Qc = Conductive GainsQv = Ventilation GainsQr = Radiant GainsQi = Internal GainsQe = Evaporative GainsMechanical Systems to provide thermal comfort.
- 64. Comfort Optimization- Qualitative Analysis
- 65. Key Results 21 AUG 4PMWest Wall Clear GlassIntolerable Glare
- 66. Scale 0-500fcScale 0-25fc. The colored area is below 25 FC12% LEED Compliant FTE Spaces (9am)9% LEED Compliant FTE Spaces (3 pm)Daylight- Quantitative Analysis
- 67. Jersey City Municipal Services ComplexDesign Optimizationno shelfexterior shelf onlyexterior/interior shelfSolar ShadesLight ShelvesReduced summer heat gainEven distribution of illuminationOffice Building Light Shelf Study
- 68. 1 ft. Shelf Depth2 ft. Shelf DepthShelf covers a glare sourceFinding: Uniform Daylight distribution with increase in shelf depthOffice Building Light Shelf Study
- 69. BEFORE53% area above 25 Foot-candlesDaylight Analysis
- 70. AFTER74% area above 25 Foot-candlesDaylight Analysis
- 71. Passive Systems: WallWall Assembly- Therm
- 72. Moisture and Thermal properties of a wall assemblyTool: WUFI – ORNL / IBP
- 73. Ventilation Analysisft/sSite Wind32.0+Strong breezeFresh breeze29.526.222.9Moderate breeze19.716.4Gentle breeze13.1Light breeze9.86.6External Wind Movement Analysis- Computational Fluid DynamicsCalm3.3
- 74. Internal Air Movement- Computational Fluid Dynamics
- 75. SD phase analysis Are you Using?DD/CD phase analysisIES VESketchUpeQuestRhino 3DEcotectRevitDaysim/RadianceAutoCADTool workflow
- 78. Rapid Energy Modeling (REM)
- 82. Operations BIM- Web Based
- 83. Let’s Compete
- 84. Future…
- 85. Exploring Ideas
- 86. Modeling Analysis to Optimize Design PerformanceShillpa Singh, Sustainability Managerssingh@yrgsustainability.comArpanBakshi, Sustainability Managerabakshi@yrgsustainability.comwww.yrgsustainability.comTwitter: @YRGreenFacebook: YRG sustainability
Editor's Notes
- #3: To be completed
- #4: To be Completed
- #9: Modeling can serve all sizes of purpose and goals. DIFFERENT tools at different times.
- #14: ASHRAE is planning to reduce it’s baseline energy use to 0 in next 20 years, that includes some power generation. It is very possible to reduce passive+active energy use by 60-70% with efficient design. Current standard 189 provides guidance to reduces energy use by 30%, so another 30 is easy with some more integrated design
- #27: TALKING POINTS:Envelope to Floor / Volume Area RatioRoof to Wall RatioForm impactsConductionHVAC distributionDaylighting / Natural VentilationForm is impacted byContext and microclimate FormBuilding Surface AreaEnvelope Area/ Space VolumeConduction (heat loss in winter)DaylightingNat VentilationHVAC DistributionRoof/WallContext/Micro-climate
- #28: TALKING POINTS:Solar heat gainWindRadiation
- #43: Not sure if this is a good slide to show, yet
- #44: Doesn’t account for lighting controls, yetCentral chillers
- #48: YRG developed a baseline case energy model compliant with ASHRAE 90.1 YRG developed a Proposed Design case energy model representing the actual project design with all Energy Efficiency MeasuresThe model was able to estimate energy savings of the project relative to the ASHRAE baselineUtilizing energy costs of the project for the site, these energy savings translate to operational cost savings
- #52: Modeling allows u to predict operating energy use, and possibly borrow from there into capital cost expenditures, with a promise to pay back.
- #56: Energy is neither created or destroyedAll energy gains have to balance each other out. If there is too much conduction, then ventilation or evaporative gains have to be –ve or provided by mechanical system
- #58: Tools used- Evalglare/Radiance
- #65: For vapor diffusion and liquid transferWUFI-ORNL/IBP can be used for assessing the drying time of masonry with trapped construction moisturethe danger of interstitial condensationthe influence of driving rain on exterior building componentsthe effect of repair and retrofit measuresthe hygrothermal performance of roof and wall assemblies under unanticipated use or in different climate zones.
- #69: Trends section of PA part 2Current trends in building performance modeling- 45minuteso Energy modeling usage statisticso BIM integrationo Metered data/ calibration- M&V, and also going back and calibrating EB modelo BIM integration- talk about Port Authority’s BIM usage. Integration into operationso After occupancy modeling (talk about BIM and its capabilities from design through ops)o Online dashboards – slide from Trendso After occupancy modeling (talk about BIM and its capabilities from design through ops)
- #70: Trends intro
- #71: Rapid energy modeling an emerging trend, we are validating its accuracy
- #73: Trends intro
- #74: Existing building energy usage model – Harvard Gund Hall Example
- #75: Web based monitoring
- #76: Web based monitoring
- #77: BIM and GIS integration, potential for collection of energy data for entire portfolio of existing buildings. (Onuma)