CCNA Based routing protocols
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This document provides an overview of routing protocols RIP and OSPF, access lists, and frame relay configuration in Cisco routers. It summarizes the key features of RIP and OSPF, including how they calculate routes differently. Configuration steps are shown for implementing routing protocols, access lists to filter traffic, and frame relay. The document concludes that future work will involve studying additional routing protocols and frame relay in more depth.
CCNA Based routing protocols
- 1. CCNA BASED NETWORKING OF RIP AND OSPF WITH ACCESSLIST AND FRAME RELAY IN ROUTERS Supervised By Prof. S.C.Gupta Electrical Engineering Gaurav Singh Rawat Systems Engineering 12316EN009
- 2. Introduction Today computer network are the core of modern communication. All modern aspects of the public switched telephone network(PSTN) are computer controlled. These increasingly runs over the internet protocols. In network layer we are using the routing of IP packets.
- 3. Cont.. S= time of Bursty Traffic Router M=output rate Capacity=C token rate=₱ Bursty traffic is define as a sudden increase in traffic in steady state traffic. Suppose capacity of router is 1mbps, output rate of data is 8 mbps. Token are generated is 6mbps. Calculate the time at which bursty traffic is routed. C+ ₱S=MS; 10^6+6*10^6*S=8*10^6*S S=0.5 sec
- 4. Problem Definition Cisco has dominated the router industry for many reasons. One of the most common reasons is Cisco’s support for a multitude of protocols as well as features in their IOS to enhance a router’s ability to control traffic and improve performance, and in some cases, save money. To take the features and functionality that helped Cisco become the leader in terms of market share
- 5. Cont.. There will be wasting of IP addresses is problem in Routing. So we are using Subnetting but Subnetting is also not that much sufficient so we use the Supernetting concept. In this report we are configure the routing protocols and there behavior. And compare those routing protocols. And also work basic level in access-list and Frame-relay with respect to RIP and OSPF.
- 6. Two Tier Routing Internet System Inter-domain routing: • Routing policies based on business relationships • Routing of packets done b/w autonomous system. • BGP: policy-based, path-vector routing protocol Intra-domain routing: • Shortest-path routing based on link metrics • Routers all managed by a single institution • OSPF and IS-IS: link-state routing protocol • RIP and EIGRP: distance-vector routing protocol
- 7. RIP(Routing Information Protocol) It’s a dynamic vector routing protocol. It’s a intra-domain routing protocol. In this we use the Bellman Ford algorithm. Used as a hop count to calculate optimal route. Rip uses Classfull routing, not subnetting. Slow convergence in large area. Count to infinity problem.
- 9. Cont…
- 10. Cont…
- 12. Open Shortest Path First(OSPF) OSPF is an interior gateway protocol(IGP) link state protocol. All routers within an area have exact same link state database and run in parallel with the shortest path or Dijkstra algorithm. OSPF is a classless protocol. OSPF uses cost as its metric, based on bandwidth of the link OSPF has no hop count.
- 14. Cont…
- 15. Cont…
- 16. Cont..
- 19. Difference between RIP and OSPF
- 20. Cont…
- 21. Access Control List Filter’s Traffic
- 22. Access Control List Working
- 23. Configure Access List on Router
- 24. Block Host to Host
- 25. Block Host to Network
- 26. Block Network To Network
- 27. Block Network to Host
- 28. Application of Extended Access List
- 29. Stop ping but access web server
- 30. Cont…
- 31. Frame Relay A Frame Relay network may be privately owned, but it is more commonly provided as a service by a public carrier. It typically consists of many geographically scattered Frame Relay switches interconnected by trunk lines. Frame Relay is often used to interconnect LANs. When this is the case, a router on each LAN will be the DTE
- 32. DTE and DCE
- 33. DLCI: A data-link connection identifier (DLCI) identifies the logical VC(virtual circuit) between the CPE(customer premise equipment) and the Frame Relay switch. The Frame Relay switch maps the DLCIs between each pair of routers to create a PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit). LMI – Local Management Interface: LMI is a signaling standard between the DTE and the Frame Relay switch. LMI is responsible for managing the connection and maintaining the status between devices
- 34. Case Study
- 35. LMI Local Management Interface
- 36. Packet transfer from one state to other state
- 37. Conclusion and Future work When considering with RIP, OSPF handles its own error detection and correction function Now in future we widely work on accesslist, and frame relay. And study all the protocols (MPLS, IS-IS, MPBGP) which are different routing algorithms. The Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) Forecast (2012-2017), published today, projects that global Internet protocol (IP) traffic will grow three-fold between 2012 and 2017.
- 38. Cont… Global IP traffic (fixed and mobile) is expected to reach an annual run rate of 1.4 zettabytes ― more than a trillion gigabytes per year – by 2017. On a monthly basis, global IP traffic is expected to reach nearly 121 exabytes per month by 2017, up from about 44 exabytes per month in 2012. (121 exabytes is equivalent to 30 billion DVDs; or 28 trillion MP3's; or 750 quadrillion text messages.) This updated study includes global fixed IP traffic growth and service adoption trends, complementing the VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic.
- 39. Reference Visual Learning in Science and Engineering, ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Workshop on Computer Graphics Education held June 2-5, 2004, in Hangzhou, China. G. Laporte, I.H. Osman, A bibliogaphy of routing problems, 1.4 page 14 ISBN-81203-0621-X computer network Second edition Andrew S. Tanenbaum vrije universiteit amsterdam, the netherlands