Class6 -The Language Machine
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This document discusses the faculty of language and how it generates hierarchical syntactic structures through recursive operations like Merge and movement. It describes: - The faculty of language narrow (FLN) which builds syntax through recursion and Merge, combining two items into one. - The faculty of language broad (FLN) which interfaces language with other cognitive systems through sensory-motor and conceptual-intentional interfaces. - Other syntactic operations like labeling, which provides labels to constituents, and movement, which moves constituents to other positions for licensing or non-syntactic reasons. - Three types of movement: head movement, argument movement, and non-argument movement.
![The Faculty of Language
☇ Faculty of Language Narrow (FLN) is the core of the Language System, it
basically built syntax structure through recursion.
☇ There are two types of recursion: a general one, found in many systems (not
only language, but including language), and the language specific ones.
☇ The general one is known as Merge, and it is an operation of putting together
two items into one new item.
☇ Merge is one of the operations that build syntax structure.
Ex: [Yellow] + [House] = [Yellow house]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/class6thelanguagemachine-190223142333/85/Class6-The-Language-Machine-18-320.jpg)
Class6 -The Language Machine
- 1. The Language MachineLCD 105 – Class 6 – Professor Nathacia
- 2. System A set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole, in particular. A set of principles or procedures according to which something is done; an organized scheme or method. GREEK sun- with GREEK histanai set up GREEK sustēma systema LATE LATIN FRENCH système system
- 3. System A set of connected things or parts forming a complex whole, in particular. A set of principles or procedures according to which something is done; an organized scheme or method. STRUCTURE The arrangement of and relations between the parts or elements of something complex.
- 6. 220lb
- 7. 220lb 180lb
- 9. 220lb 180lb 140lb 115lb
- 10. 220lb 180lb 140lb 115lb OUTPUTINPUT
- 11. 220lb 180lb 140lb 115lb OUTPUT INPUT INPUT INPUT OUTPUT OUTPUT
- 12. DERIVATION PROCESS 1 PROCESS 2 PROCESS 3 PROCESS N (General or Global Process)
- 13. DERIVATION PROCESS 1 PROCESS 2 PROCESS 3 PROCESS N (General or Global Process) SYSTEM OPERATES AND CONTROLS
- 14. SYSTEM GENERATOR OF PRODUCTS (OR REPRESENTATIONS) THROUGH DERIVATION (OR ORGANIZED PROCESSES)
- 16. Language “This new perspective regarding computation enabled for the first time a clear formulation of what we should recognize as the most basic property of language: providing a discretely infinite array of hierarchically structured expressions that receive systematic interpretations at two interfaces, roughly, thought and sound.” Everaert et al (2015:729)
- 17. Hauser, Chomsky & Fitch (2002)
- 18. The Faculty of Language ☇ Faculty of Language Narrow (FLN) is the core of the Language System, it basically built syntax structure through recursion. ☇ There are two types of recursion: a general one, found in many systems (not only language, but including language), and the language specific ones. ☇ The general one is known as Merge, and it is an operation of putting together two items into one new item. ☇ Merge is one of the operations that build syntax structure. Ex: [Yellow] + [House] = [Yellow house]
- 19. The Faculty of Language ☇ Faculty of Language Broad (FLB) is responsible for the interaction between FLN and other cognitions. ☇ To do that, it has two interfaces: Sensory-Motor Interface and Conceptual- Intentional interface. ☇ Sensory-Motor interface is responsible for providing the interaction between FLB and the cortexes (motor and sensorial). ☇ Conceptual-Intentional interface is responsible for providing the interaction between FLB and the cognitions responsible for meaning computations and world knowledge assessment. ☇ FLB provides access to memory during lexical selection as well.
- 20. Asymmetric
- 21. The Faculty of Language ☇ During syntactic computation, other two operations are evoked: labeling and movement. ☇ Labeling is the operation that provides the proper label (information of nature of the constituent) to the system. ☇ That information is extremely important to the other operations as it is to license the lexical items to fill the positions. ☇ Some of the upper labels are: - Verbal Phrase (VP) - Determiner Phrase (DP) - Noun Phrase (NP) - Adjective Phrase (AdjP) - Adverbial Phrase (AdvP) - Prepositional Phrase (PP) - Tense Phrase (TP) - Agreement Phrase (AgreeP) - Complementizer Phrase (CP) - Focus Phrase (FocP) - Topic Phrase (TopP)
- 22. The Faculty of Language ☇ Movement is the operation that take a constituent and move it to another position within another phrase. ☇ There are movements motivated exclusively by Syntax, and there are movements motivated by other reasons as Intention, Style, and Pragmatics. ☇ The Movements are of three types: - Head Movement - A Movement (or Argument movement) - A-bar Movement (or Non-argument movement) ☇ Head Movement is the movement where one head (ex: the verb) is moved to another head (ex: T in Tense Phrase) in order to be licensed. ☇ A Movement is the movement where one argument (ex: the external argument of the verb) is moved to another argument position (ex: the specifier of TP) in order to be licensed. ☇ A-bar Movement is the movement where a phrase is moved to CP in order to fulfill a non-syntactic demand.
- 23. The X-BAR THEORY
- 24. The X-BAR THEORY