Decolorization
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This document outlines an experiment to purify brown sugar using heat and activated carbon. Students will create a brown sugar solution, then test the solution in three test tubes: one with no treatment, one heated, and one filtered after adding activated carbon. Activated carbon is effective at decolorizing the solution because its high surface area and non-polar nature allow it to absorb non-polar impurities like those found in brown sugar. Key factors that affect the process include contact time between the solution and activated carbon, temperature, and the amount of activated carbon used.
Decolorization
- 1. Experiment #5 CHEM 3 (Organic Chemistry) Group 6:
- 2. At the end of this experiment, the student shall have: Purified an organic compound Compared the effectiveness of heating and the addition of color–absorbing reagents to purify the compound
- 4. Tripod
- 5. Wire gauze
- 6. Test tube rack & 3 test tubes
- 7. Spatula
- 8. Test tube brush
- 9. 2 250ml beaker
- 10. Filter paper
- 12. clay triangle
- 13. iron stand
- 14. glass funnel
- 15. pipette
- 16. aspirator
- 17. stirring rod
- 19. watch glass
- 20. brown sugar
- 33. testtube2
- 42. 1st test tube: (BEFORE HEATING) ___________________________ 2nd test tube: (AFTER HEATING) _____________________ 3rd test tube: (AFTER FILTRATION) ____________________ Brown solution black solution Dark brown solution After it undergone the process of filtration, it hasn’t been purified since the desired result is not achieved.
- 44. COLOR test tube 1 light brown test tube 2 black test tube 3 colorless
- 45. Through the process called decolorization, we aim to purify the brown sugar through the use of carbon. In order to do so, activated charcoal was added to the solution to remove the impurities. The activated carbon absorbed the impurities from the brown sugar and when it was filtered, the brown sugar solution became clear like water.
- 46. Contact time Temperature Amount of activated carbon
- 47. Sufficient contact time is required to reach adsorption equilibrium. To prevent darkening of the sugar, it is recommended that low temperature should be maintained during the initial heating process of the brown sugar. Amount of activated charcoal should be 2.3% of the weight of the sample.
- 48. Decolorize your solution by adding a small amount of activated carbon to the warm (NOT BOILING) sample solution.
- 49. Decolorization process is the process of removing colored impurities in the sol’n. Activated carbon also called activated charcoal is a form of carbon processed to have a small, low- volume pores that increase the surface area available for absorption. Temperature: Lower temperatures increase adsorption capacity. Activated Carbon is non-polar which results in an affinity for non-polar compounds such as organics (eg. Brown sugar).
- 50. When making chemical solutions, always use the appropriate safety equipment. Always follow the appropriate procedures when doing the experiment For a typical experiment, you should plan to repeat it to obtain the desired result. Always consult the instructor for concerns.