FLOOD MONITORING AND ALERTING SYSTEM
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The document presents a flood monitoring and alerting system utilizing IoT technology to provide early warnings to residents in flood-prone areas. It comprises an ultrasonic sensor for measuring water levels, a GSM module for voice alerts, and an Ethernet shield for web connectivity. The system aims to reduce fatalities associated with flooding by delivering timely information and preventing the spread of false news.
![S. Jana Priya, S. Akshaya, E. Aruna, J. Arokiya Mary Julie and V. Ranjani
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/index.asp 2 editor@iaeme.com
sensor’s data feeds. These sensors will provide new information to a company’s systems and
to people.
2. BACKGROUND
In developed country like US, Japan etc. the flooding problem is minimized significantly and
do not affect much due to availability of emergency system. But the developing countries like
India, Brazil etc. is suffering a lot during flood.
Every year number of deaths due to flooding keeps increasing in different part of our
country. Two years ago the flood occurred in Chennai, the capital of Tamilnadu resulted
insignificant loss of life and property. Whenever, flooding happens living area near the
riverbank and downstream area are affected severely than others. They need to be alerted
much earlier to have extra time to evacuate immediately. During Chennai flood in 2015, fake
news were spread for instance, A false message which said two lakes had breached and
Chennai had been cut off from rest of the districts, spread panic among commuters, especially
those that were stranded for hours together on the arterial Mount Road on Monday night. To
avoid this situation we need authorized warning system. Our system provides such
information so that people can avoid false news .And the system makes use of voice call as it
is helpful for people who do not know how to read the text message.
3. PROPOSED MODEL
FLOOD MONITORING AND ALERTING SYSTEM alerts the user nearby the river area
through voice call. An Arduino Uno microcontroller is used to control the whole system. It is
interfaced with GSM modem, ultrasonic sensor, Ethernet shield [1]. The distance between the
ultrasonic sensor and water is measured and the height level of the water is calculated [2]. The
calculated height value is updated in the web page. The water level calculated would then be
compared with the set threshold and if the current level is more than the set threshold value,
the microcontroller would enable voice call to be sent to residence to alert them via the GSM
module. We are using ARP33A3 device to record voice and it is interfaced with the GSM
modem so that the recorded voice is played when the call is attended.
Figure 1 Block diagram of proposed model
Arduino uno
Ethernet shield
Ultrasonic
sensor
Database
GSM SIM 900A
APR33A3](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ijcet0802001-170313104131/85/FLOOD-MONITORING-AND-ALERTING-SYSTEM-2-320.jpg)
![S. Jana Priya, S. Akshaya, E. Aruna, J. Arokiya Mary Julie and V. Ranjani
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/index.asp 4 editor@iaeme.com
Ultrasonic sensor HC SR04 can measure the distance from 2cm to 4m with accuracy of
range of 2mm.It emits ultrasonic sound at 14000/4 Hz which will travel in air. If there is an
object, sound is bounced back to sonar. Using receiving time of sound and speed of sound, we
can calculate the distance of object from sonar.
Speed of sound =340m/s=0.034 cm/micro sec. or 29 micro sec/cm
Time = Distance/speed.
Since the sound waves travel froth and bounce back from object and so time received is
twice the actual time. Thus,
Distance in cm=time*0.034/2 or Distance in cm=time/29/2
Based on distance, height of water is calculated.
4.3. Related Work
The static web page is created using HTML and CSS which is served from the SD card [5].
The Ethernet shield brings the internet connectivity to the arduino shield and make it to act as
a server [6][10]. The Ethernet shield is connected to the system with internet connection with
the help of RJ45 cable. This webpage can be accessed from any system that is connected in
the same LAN as that of the Ethernet shield. A static ip address is allocated to Ethernet shield.
Whenever the user wants to access the page the user must enter the ip address of the Ethernet
shield in the URL bar. The static webpage content will be fetched from the sd card and the
dynamic content that is the water level information will be fetched from the database and
displayed in the webpage.
4.4. Making Call
Figure 4 GSM sim900A
When the water level reaches the threshold level, call must be made to the residence. To
make call using GSM module AT+ATD command is used when the call is attended the
recorded voice message should be played [3][4]. The APR33A3is interfaced with gsm module
[9]. This APR33A3 operates in two modes. The first mode is record mode in which the audio
can be recorded into any of the seven channels. The second mode is playback mode in which
the recorded audio can be played from the channel when the call is attended.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ijcet0802001-170313104131/85/FLOOD-MONITORING-AND-ALERTING-SYSTEM-4-320.jpg)
![Flood Monitoring and Alerting System
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/index.asp 5 editor@iaeme.com
5. PROCESSING STEPS
6. CONCLUSION
This project aims at monitoring the water level in one particular water body. In future it may
be enhanced to monitor multiple locations at the same time and the web page must be able to
display the information based on the selection done by the authority.
REFERENCES
[1] Sheikh Azid, Bibhya Sharma, Krishna Raghuwaiya, Abinendra Chand, Sumeet Prasad,
SMS based flood monitoring and early warning system, ARPN Journal of Engineering
and Applied Science, 10(15) 2015.
[2] Abubaker Rahmtalla, Abdalla Mohamed, Wang Guang Wei, Real Time Wireless Flood
Monitoring System using Ultrasonic waves, International Journal of Science and
Research (IJSR) ,3(8) 2014.
[3] http://www.circuitstoday.com/interface-gsm-module-with-arduino
[4] http://www.edaboard.com/thread2272720.html
[5] https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/SDCardNotes
[6] http://www.engineerathome.com/elektronica/buildanethernetwebinterface for arduino/35
[7] http://www.robomart.com/blog/working-of-hc-sr04-ultrasonic-sensor-with-arduino-uno
[8] http://howtomechatronics.com/tutorials/arduino/ultrasonic-sensor-with-arduino-uno.
[9] http://www.raviyp.com/embedded/157-use-apr9600-apr33a3-with-sim300-to-play-audio-
during-call
[10] http://startingelectronics.org/tutorials/arduino/ethernet-shield-web-server-tutorial
[11] Karna Patel, Mrudang Patel and Nirav Oza, Wireless Automation and Machine Learning
of a Rolling-Mill Using Arduino and Android. International Journal of Mechanical
Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 2016, pp. 09–21.
[12] Manish M. Patil and Prof. Chhaya S. Khandelwal, Implementation of Patient Monitoring
System Using GSM Technology. International Journal of Electronics and
Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET).4(1), 2013, pp. 18–24
Sensing Unit: HC SR04
Processing Unit: Arduino Uno
Micro controller
Communication Unit: GSM Sim
900A , ARP33A3](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ijcet0802001-170313104131/85/FLOOD-MONITORING-AND-ALERTING-SYSTEM-5-320.jpg)
FLOOD MONITORING AND ALERTING SYSTEM
- 1. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/index.asp 1 editor@iaeme.com International Journal of Computer Engineering & Technology (IJCET) Volume 8, Issue 2, March-April 2017, pp. 01–05, Article ID: IJCET_08_02_001 Available online at http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/issues.asp?JType=IJCET&VType=8&IType=2 Journal Impact Factor (2016): 9.3590(Calculated by GISI) www.jifactor.com ISSN Print: 0976-6367 and ISSN Online: 0976–6375 © IAEME Publication FLOOD MONITORING AND ALERTING SYSTEM S. Jana Priya, S. Akshaya, E. Aruna, J. Arokiya Mary Julie Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Saranathan College of Engineering, Tiruchirappalli, TamilNadu, India V. Ranjani Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Saranathan College of Engineering, Tiruchirappalli, TamilNadu, India ABSTRACT Flood is one of the natural disasters which cannot be avoided totally. Every year, death rate due to flood increases because of absence of early warning. To solve this problem, this paper demonstrates the idea and implementation of a Flood Monitoring and Alerting system using Internet of Things (IOT) technology. This system comprises of three parts. The first part measures the height of the water using ultrasonic distance measuring sensor. The second part is sending the height information to web page using the Ethernet shield. The third part is making call to residences to alert them about flood through voice message. The call is made through the most popular mobile standard Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) and ARP33A3 is used to play the recorded voice message. Key words: Arduino Uno, Ethernet shield, GSM module, ARP33A3, voice call. Cite this Article: S. Jana Priya, S. Akshaya, E. Aruna, J. Arokiya Mary Julie and V. Ranjani, Flood Monitoring and Alerting System. International Journal of Computer Engineering & Technology, 8(2), 2017, pp. 01–05. http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/issues.asp?JType=IJCET&VType=8&IType=2 1. INTRODUCTION The Internet of Things builds on three major technology layers: Hardware (including chips and sensors), Communication (including mostly some form of wireless network), and Software (including data storage, analytics, and front end applications). IoT describes a system where items in the physical world, and sensors within or attached to these items, are connected to the Internet via wireless and wired Internet connections. The physical objects that are being connected will possess one or more sensors. Each sensor will monitor a specific condition such as location, vibration, motion and temperature. In IoT, these sensors will connect to each other and to systems that can understand or present information from the
- 2. S. Jana Priya, S. Akshaya, E. Aruna, J. Arokiya Mary Julie and V. Ranjani http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/index.asp 2 editor@iaeme.com sensor’s data feeds. These sensors will provide new information to a company’s systems and to people. 2. BACKGROUND In developed country like US, Japan etc. the flooding problem is minimized significantly and do not affect much due to availability of emergency system. But the developing countries like India, Brazil etc. is suffering a lot during flood. Every year number of deaths due to flooding keeps increasing in different part of our country. Two years ago the flood occurred in Chennai, the capital of Tamilnadu resulted insignificant loss of life and property. Whenever, flooding happens living area near the riverbank and downstream area are affected severely than others. They need to be alerted much earlier to have extra time to evacuate immediately. During Chennai flood in 2015, fake news were spread for instance, A false message which said two lakes had breached and Chennai had been cut off from rest of the districts, spread panic among commuters, especially those that were stranded for hours together on the arterial Mount Road on Monday night. To avoid this situation we need authorized warning system. Our system provides such information so that people can avoid false news .And the system makes use of voice call as it is helpful for people who do not know how to read the text message. 3. PROPOSED MODEL FLOOD MONITORING AND ALERTING SYSTEM alerts the user nearby the river area through voice call. An Arduino Uno microcontroller is used to control the whole system. It is interfaced with GSM modem, ultrasonic sensor, Ethernet shield [1]. The distance between the ultrasonic sensor and water is measured and the height level of the water is calculated [2]. The calculated height value is updated in the web page. The water level calculated would then be compared with the set threshold and if the current level is more than the set threshold value, the microcontroller would enable voice call to be sent to residence to alert them via the GSM module. We are using ARP33A3 device to record voice and it is interfaced with the GSM modem so that the recorded voice is played when the call is attended. Figure 1 Block diagram of proposed model Arduino uno Ethernet shield Ultrasonic sensor Database GSM SIM 900A APR33A3
- 3. Flood Monitoring and Alerting System http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/index.asp 3 editor@iaeme.com 4. SYSTEM OVERVIEW 4.1. Flow Chart Figure 2 Flow Chart 4.2. Ultrasonic Sensor Figure 3 Ultrasonic Sensor
- 4. S. Jana Priya, S. Akshaya, E. Aruna, J. Arokiya Mary Julie and V. Ranjani http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/index.asp 4 editor@iaeme.com Ultrasonic sensor HC SR04 can measure the distance from 2cm to 4m with accuracy of range of 2mm.It emits ultrasonic sound at 14000/4 Hz which will travel in air. If there is an object, sound is bounced back to sonar. Using receiving time of sound and speed of sound, we can calculate the distance of object from sonar. Speed of sound =340m/s=0.034 cm/micro sec. or 29 micro sec/cm Time = Distance/speed. Since the sound waves travel froth and bounce back from object and so time received is twice the actual time. Thus, Distance in cm=time*0.034/2 or Distance in cm=time/29/2 Based on distance, height of water is calculated. 4.3. Related Work The static web page is created using HTML and CSS which is served from the SD card [5]. The Ethernet shield brings the internet connectivity to the arduino shield and make it to act as a server [6][10]. The Ethernet shield is connected to the system with internet connection with the help of RJ45 cable. This webpage can be accessed from any system that is connected in the same LAN as that of the Ethernet shield. A static ip address is allocated to Ethernet shield. Whenever the user wants to access the page the user must enter the ip address of the Ethernet shield in the URL bar. The static webpage content will be fetched from the sd card and the dynamic content that is the water level information will be fetched from the database and displayed in the webpage. 4.4. Making Call Figure 4 GSM sim900A When the water level reaches the threshold level, call must be made to the residence. To make call using GSM module AT+ATD command is used when the call is attended the recorded voice message should be played [3][4]. The APR33A3is interfaced with gsm module [9]. This APR33A3 operates in two modes. The first mode is record mode in which the audio can be recorded into any of the seven channels. The second mode is playback mode in which the recorded audio can be played from the channel when the call is attended.
- 5. Flood Monitoring and Alerting System http://www.iaeme.com/IJCET/index.asp 5 editor@iaeme.com 5. PROCESSING STEPS 6. CONCLUSION This project aims at monitoring the water level in one particular water body. In future it may be enhanced to monitor multiple locations at the same time and the web page must be able to display the information based on the selection done by the authority. REFERENCES [1] Sheikh Azid, Bibhya Sharma, Krishna Raghuwaiya, Abinendra Chand, Sumeet Prasad, SMS based flood monitoring and early warning system, ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, 10(15) 2015. [2] Abubaker Rahmtalla, Abdalla Mohamed, Wang Guang Wei, Real Time Wireless Flood Monitoring System using Ultrasonic waves, International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ,3(8) 2014. [3] http://www.circuitstoday.com/interface-gsm-module-with-arduino [4] http://www.edaboard.com/thread2272720.html [5] https://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/SDCardNotes [6] http://www.engineerathome.com/elektronica/buildanethernetwebinterface for arduino/35 [7] http://www.robomart.com/blog/working-of-hc-sr04-ultrasonic-sensor-with-arduino-uno [8] http://howtomechatronics.com/tutorials/arduino/ultrasonic-sensor-with-arduino-uno. [9] http://www.raviyp.com/embedded/157-use-apr9600-apr33a3-with-sim300-to-play-audio- during-call [10] http://startingelectronics.org/tutorials/arduino/ethernet-shield-web-server-tutorial [11] Karna Patel, Mrudang Patel and Nirav Oza, Wireless Automation and Machine Learning of a Rolling-Mill Using Arduino and Android. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 7(6), 2016, pp. 09–21. [12] Manish M. Patil and Prof. Chhaya S. Khandelwal, Implementation of Patient Monitoring System Using GSM Technology. International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering & Technology (IJECET).4(1), 2013, pp. 18–24 Sensing Unit: HC SR04 Processing Unit: Arduino Uno Micro controller Communication Unit: GSM Sim 900A , ARP33A3