The FPGA design flow document outlines the typical steps for designing an FPGA including: 1) specification and system-level simulation, 2) device selection between Xilinx and Altera, 3) design entry using languages like Verilog and VHDL, 4) functional simulation, 5) synthesis, 6) placement and routing (P&R), 7) timing simulation, and 8) programming and debugging the final design on hardware.