Getting started
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This document discusses concepts related to communication and self-concept. It begins by introducing the presenter, Devi harisandi, and then discusses how speech is learned through imitation and reinforcement. It defines self-concept as one's perception of their physical appearance, intelligence, personality, strengths and weaknesses. Significant others are described as people whose opinions are important. Improving self-concept involves being willing to change and forgive oneself, setting goals, developing uniqueness, and standing up for beliefs. The document also discusses the ideal self, how others see you, self-fulfilling prophecies, the communication process, barriers to listening, and note-taking tips.
Getting started
- 1. Task Presentation about : Getting Started Name : Devi harisandi Class : 4 D NPM : 11.10.010.745.151
- 2. HOW SPEECH IS LEARNED : • However, most experts include both imitation and reinforcement as being of great importance in language development.
- 3. SELF CONCEPT : • Self- concept refers to the perception you have of yourself in regard to your physical appearance, intelligence, personality, strengths and weaknesses. • For example : you develop an image of your self not olny by how you view your own behavior, attitudes, values, and beliefs but also because of the way others have reacted to you both verbally and non verbally.
- 4. Significant Others : •Significant others are those people we respect, whose opinions are particularly important to us.
- 5. Improving Self – Concept : self- concept has a great deal to do with your ability to communicate. The better your self – concept, the more likely you will be to communicate positively and confidenty. • 1. Be willing to change • 2. Be willing to forgive yourself • 3. Set realistic goals • 4. Develop your uniqueness • 5. Stand up for what you belive • 6. View yourself in the proper perspective
- 6. The Ideal Self : • This refers to the kind of qualities or characteristics you would like to possess, qualities that make you a more substantive person.
- 7. The Way Others See You : •Equally as important as the way you see yourself and the person you like to be is your idea of how others see you.
- 8. Self – Fulfilling Prophecy : • A self – fulfilling prophecy occurs when a person’s belief about what is going to happen influences his or her behavior, making the expected outcome more likely.
- 9. The Communicative act : There are five elements involved in the speech communications process : 1. speaker 2. Message 3. Channel4. Audience 5. Respone
- 10. Communication Breakdowns : Communication breakdowns occur because of some failure in the communication process. Usually communication breakdowns can be traced to one of the five elements in the communication process : 1. Speakers 2. Message 3. Channel 4. Audience 5. Respone
- 11. LISTENING : listening is an active process ivolving both concentration and thinking. • The are eight Barriers to concentration in listening: • 1. External Noise • 2. Internal Noise • 3. Bias Toward Speaker • 4. Emotional Reaction • 5. Daydreaming • 6. Faking Attention • 7. Fatigue • 8. Improper Note Taking
- 12. • Prepare to Listening • Avoid Distractions • Identify the Central Idea • Identify the Main Points • Think Along with the speaker • Take Effective Notes Ways to Improve Listening :
- 13. Note – Taking Tips : • 1. Write Down Only Important Ideas • 2. Write Legibly • 3. Keep Up • 4. Use Your Own Words • 5. Be Brief • 6. Don’t Erase • 7. Don’t Worry about Spelling • 8. Date Your Notes • 9. Expand Your Notes
- 14. Thanks for attention . . . •The End . . .