GIS and agriculture
Download as PPT, PDF31 likes26,976 views
GIS is used in agriculture, forestry, and fisheries for various applications such as crop mapping and monitoring, forest resource mapping and change detection, and fish habitat mapping. Key benefits of GIS include availability of baseline data for planning, production forecasting and sustainability assessments, and monitoring of crops, forests, and marine resources over time. GIS allows analysis of factors such as soil types, crop yields, biodiversity, forest degradation, and essential fish habitat to inform management decisions in these sectors.
GIS and agriculture
- 1. Application Of GIS in Agriculture , Forestry and Fisheries
- 3. AGRICULTURE Agriculture Scope • Crop acreage estimation • Crop modeling for yield & production forecast / estimation • Crop & Orchard monitoring
- 4. AGRICULTURE Benefits • Timely availability of crop statistics for decision making & planning • Crop growth monitoring • Soil status monitoring • Regular reports regarding total area under cultivation
- 5. GIS systems are used to • protect crops, • solve crop issues, • damage crop as well as give farmers an easy way to access information about their crops season by season. • what this weather could do to crops, • could move fields to better geographic locations, • know how to irrigate based on local water resources and weather patterns.
- 6. Geographic and geologic features of current (and potential) farmland scientists and farmers can work together to create more effective and efficient farming techniques; • this could increase food production in parts of the world that are struggling to produce enough for the people around them. • GIS can analyze soil data combined with historical farming practices to determine what are the best crops to plant, where they should go, and how to maintain soil nutrition levels to best benefit the plants.
- 7. The various types of mapping provided by RS required by GIS to be useful for agriculture are: • soil type mapping • crop coverage mapping • rivers/ distributaries mapping • land use mapping • contour mapping • irrigation system mapping • meteorological mapping
- 8. Soil type mapping • For planning of agriculture on a broad scale it is extremely important to know different types of soils, type of crops they can support and areas having the type of soil. This information if used effectively can greatly improve the agricultural output and its quality. • Some attributes of soils are: humus content, nutrient content, name etc.
- 10. Crop coverage mapping • Maps indicating crop coverage are very useful in estimating the yield of various crops. These also help in analyzing existing methods of agriculture such as crop rotation, terracing etc. In order to bring forth any improvements, it is important to study the existing trends and methodologies. • Some attributes of crops are: suitable season/ climatic conditions, water requirements, manure/ fertilizer requirements, total time for sowing reaping and harvesting etc.
- 12. Rivers/ distributaries mapping • These maps show the geographical location of the different river and distributaries systems in and around an area. Knowing his is helpful in locating nearest source of water and designing of most economical canal systems. • Attributes: name, volume, depth, width etc
- 14. Land use mapping • These maps give information about how the land is already being used. It helps in analyzing how effectively the land resources are being used and in coming up with more economical suggestions for the same in addition to keeping updated records used for various other calculations. • Attributes: kind of usage, total forest coverage, total agricultural output of an area, estimated urbanization of an area etc
- 16. Contour mapping • These maps show the elevation data of the various geographical features on the earth’s surface. This information helps us in estimating important data such as the most economical laying of canals considering cost of excavation and leveling etc.
- 18. Irrigation system mapping • This kind of mapping deals with details of older or existing systems such as dams and canals. Study of this information helps in estimating how efficiently the systems work and on its basis determine the extension projects and maintenance programs. • Attributes: length of systems, efficiency details, areas served, volume of water carried, benefits etc
- 20. Meteorological mapping • Rainfall patterns, climatic conditions, seasonal changes and predictions are the areas dealt with under this kind of mapping. This is important information required by famers and agriculturists to plan the type of farming most suitable and economical. It also helps in estimating how much water is to be let out into the canal systems in accordance to the predictions of the rainfall intensities.
- 23. Identification, area estimation and monitoring: • identification, estimation of growing stock, analysis of distribution and monitoring at regular intervals are major aspects in plantation crops. he specializedmanagement practices make the distribution ofplantation crops rather more localized in comparisonto other agricultural crops.The identification, estimat
- 25. Crop condition assessment • The physiological changes that occur in a plant due to stress may change the spectral reflectance/ remittance characteristics resulting in the detection of stress amenable to remote sensing techniques • Crop monitoring at regular intervals during the crop growth cycle is essential to take appropriate measures and to asses information on probable loss of production.
- 27. Crop yield modeling and production forecasting: • The information on production of crops before the harvest is very vital to the national food policy planning and economy of the country. • Reliable crop yield estimate is one of the most important components of crop production forecasting.
- 28. Agricultural draught assessment • Draught assessment is yet another area where in remote sensing data has been used at operational level. • The district level drought assessment and monitoring
- 30. Reflectance modeling • Physical reflectance models for crops serve the important purpose of understanding the complex interaction between solar radiation and plant canopies. • In order to obtain a reliable yield prediction, growth of crops has to be modeled by means of crop growth models. • Crop growth models describe the relation between physiological process in plants and environmental factors such as solar irradiation, temperature, water and nutrient availability.
- 31. GIS In Forestry
- 32. Forestry Forestry Scope • Satellite image based forest resource mapping and updation • Forest change detection • Forest resource inventory • GIS database development
- 33. Forestry Benefits • Availability of baseline • Planning for aforestation • Futuristic resource planning • Sustainability of environment • Wild life conservation & development for information strategies recreation purpose
- 34. Biodiversity • Remote Sensing Technology in biodiversity measure at landscape level gives a perspective horizontal view and helps in delivering different landscape elements and their spatial characteristics
- 35. Biodiversity • Remote sensing forms a valuable tooling mapping and monitoring of biodiversity and provides valuable information to • quantify spatial patterns, • Biophysical patterns, • ecological process that determine species richness and anthropogenic factors causing loss of species richness and for predicating response of species to global changes.
- 36. Forest degradation • The rapid depletion of forests made inessential to know the rate and trend of this degradation so that timely measures could betaken to prevent further loss of forest resources. • Timely and accurate information for detecting changes over a period of time is required for forest ecosystems
- 39. Forest fire • Through GIS forest fair can also determine
- 40. GIS InFisheries
- 41. Fisheries GIS is used for • defining and mapping Fish Habitat, • planning and executing living marine resource, • tracking marine mammals and analyzing their foraging and migratory patterns, • mapping and analyzing commercial and recreational fishing catch and effort, • evaluating the effectiveness of marine protected areas, and responding to natural disasters.
- 42. Habitat GIS also facilitates • the process of defining Essential Fish Habitat (EFH), • Habitat Areas of Particular Concern (HAPCs)
- 44. Stock Assessment GIS is used for • Important information sources for stock assessments are living marine resource. • Surveys and biological studies provide data on species distribution and life history.
- 46. Socioeconomic Analysis GIS is used to • map trends in business practices • profile community involvement in fisheries • analyze recreational fishing site selection • and most recently, as a tool to monitor and assess impacts of hurricanes .