HCI
- 1. Information and Communication Technologies(ICT) Principles and Perspectives Lecture 7
- 2. Case Study • ABCbookshop.com • Discussing points raised in previous lectures w.r.t this website
- 3. Design for use • Use vs functionality • Design not for a single user • Social, environmental, cultural, psychological factors • Linguistics
- 4. Reasons for using cognitive models 1. Understand what is going on when users use system 2. Predict how users will behave 3. Identify & explain problems 4. Provide knowledge what use can or cannot be expected to do 5. Take advantage of particular aspects of user skills and abilities
- 5. Design Principles • Visibility • Feedback • Constraint • Consistency • Affordance Tradeoff
- 6. Conceptual Model • A high-level description of how a system is organized and operates. What people can do with a product and what concepts are required to understand how to interact with it? • Goals • Keep it simple as much as possible • Few or No concept from outside of task domain
- 7. Core Components of Conceptual Model • Metaphors and analogies • Concepts exposed through product • Relationships between these concepts • Mapping between these concepts
- 8. Interface Metaphor • An Interface metaphor is a set of user interface visuals, actions and procedures that exploit specific knowledge that users already have of other domains. • Examples • Folders • Bin (Recycle Bin) • Shopping cart
- 9. Benefits of Interface metaphor • Makes learning new systems easier • Helps users understand the underlying conceptual model • Can be very innovative and enable the realm of computers and their applications to be made more accessible to a greater diversity of users
- 10. Input & Output Technologies • Input: the process that occurs as information from inside the user’s head or from the environment is transformed into the sort of data that computers can use • Output: the process of re-representing computer data into a form that the user can comprehend and make use of.
- 11. Interaction Styles • all the ways the user can communicate or otherwise interact with the computer system 1. Command Language 2. Menu Selection 3. Form fill-in 4. Natural Language 5. Direct Manipulation
- 12. Direct manipulation • Visibility of objects of interests • Rapid , reversible incremental actions performed directly on them • Replacement of complex command language by direct manipulation object of interest • Direct manipulation tries to bridge gulf of execution and evaluation
- 13. Direct Manipulation (Advantages) • Visually presents task concepts. • Easy to learn. • Errors can be avoided more easily. • Encourages exploration. • High subjective satisfaction. • Recognition memory (as opposed to cued or free recall memory)
- 14. Direct Manipulation (Disadvantages) • May be more difficult to program • Not suitable for small graphic displays. • Spatial and visual representation is not always preferable. • Metaphors can be misleading since the essence of metaphor is understanding and experiencing one kind of thing in terms of another • Compact notations may better suit expert users
Editor's Notes
- #7: http://boxesandarrows.com/conceptual-models-in-a-nutshell/