How open data ecosystems are stimulated?
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The document explores the stimulation of open data ecosystems, emphasizing the need to unlock public sector information for innovative services in smart cities. It highlights challenges such as the mismatch between available datasets and actual service creation, advocating for public-private partnerships and capacity building to foster a sustainable ecosystem. Various initiatives and frameworks are analyzed, including hackathons, incubators, and strategic procurement approaches aimed at enhancing open data usage and driving economic innovation.
How open data ecosystems are stimulated?
- 1. Slim Turki, Sébastien Martin, Samuel Renault {slim.turki, sebastien.martin, samuel.renault}@list.lu How open data ecosystems are stimulated? St. Petersburg, Russian Federation September 4-6, 2017 In conjunction with IFIP EGOV-EPART 2017 http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3129787 http://www.researchgate.net/publication/317278867_How_open_data_ecosystems_are_stimulated
- 2. Mission-driven Research and Technology Organization (RTO) LUXEMBOURG INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2 a link between research and society ~600 employees 75% are researchers and innovation experts
- 3. Duration 51 months 03-2016 to 05-2020 • Unlock, re-use and extract value from Public Sector Information (PSI) to develop innovative data-driven services for smart cities in the area of infrastructure, transport & environment • Principles • Innovative procurement to engage solutions providers • Transnational approach • LIST, Lead technical partner, in charge of the methodological and technological framework Building an Ecosystem to Generate Opportunities in open data BE-GOOD Consortium +10 Prototypes & Business cases for uptake & exploitation +5 Implemented solutions in public organizations Cost savings, Value created +15 jobs Budget 6.400.168€ ERDF: 3.870.000€ nweurope.eu/begood
- 4. • “Open data: a new goldmine” • Lies to a large extent in the development of new services. • Results in terms of service creation remain below the expectations of open data promoters. • Most services created are not sustainable and / or do not use the variety of datasets; relying on a limited number of very popular datasets. • “If you build it, they will come” • Mainly a data provision movement • Inadequacy between released datasets and created services as well as between the claims of huge potential service creations and the low demand from service creators, particularly companies • Rare demand driven initiatives but rather an initiative of data providers, hoping for a possible impact in terms of service creation (Open) Data-driven economy Promises and hopes 4
- 5. • Main issues • How to unlock open data value • How to stimulate open data ecosystems • Learning from theory and practice • Open data initiatives • Open data incubators • Ecosystem theories used for management (theoretical perspective) STIMULATION OF OPEN DATA AND SMART CITIES ECOSYSTEMS 5
- 7. • Hackathons: developed apps referenced on the national open data platform • Call-for-contribution (CFC) • Kind of Public-Private Partnership (PPP), focused on innovative products/services • Capacity building: Builds an ecosystem through the release of datasets, help the companies develop new business models, provide expertise in procurement, new skills for employees. • Fits with Singapore's development model: State intends to play strategic role in the economic development pathway • Only 4 apps identified • Used for transnational cooperation with China, common projects on smart cities Call-for-contribution, beyond Hackathons SINGAPORE 7 Multi-modal journey planner for Singapore, Launched by Land Transport Authority agency. • Lists in a very broad way the main features of the service and minimal constraints (language, alerts for users…) • Proposals must use at least one government dataset from any of these areas: business planning, conservation and environment, contextual content, connecting people; optimised mobility and healthy lifestyle. • Guidelines document draws the evaluation criteria very broadly and even with some vagueness.
- 8. • Intentionally designed to give birth to an ecosystem through new forms of Public-Private Partnerships • Involve companies, especially SMEs, not used to participate public tenders • Through an Open Procurement Process • One platform for proposals: stage of each challenge, main characteristics of the expected service, what already exists in the field + finalists + winner. • Challenges driven by different ministries: ~1 assessment framework / challenge. • Created 15 apps from 75 prototypes, and involved about 1,500 participants • Retos Mexico : more general program, build an open innovation ecosystem, with a platform opened to both public and private challenges. Retos Pùblicos (“Public challenges”) MEXICO 8
- 9. • Pioneering Open data initiative, with very specific features • Provides “both national independence and execution of open government principles”. • Not representative of Russia: relatively more developed IT sector. • Intends to form an ecosystem: • Defining a legal framework, aligning with official or industry standards, or trying to engage the re-users. • Identifying most important kinds of datasets: open spending, open procurement, open registers and open inspections, including food safety, housing and public utilities. • Skill issues addressed: creation of a Centre of competence on open government issues. • Open data readiness assessment of the World bank was applied: • Initiative is rather successful, thanks to a strong internal leadership • No open data champion was identified to be a growth driver, related in part to the readiness of an economic sector (issue of private sector actors engagement). • Remains traditional as the stimulation is still indirect. Dealing with the “demand side problem” ULYANOVSK, RUSSIA 9
- 10. Capacity building FINLAND 10 • Not a centralized national strategy, several kinds of methods to drive open data reuse • Innovative Cities Programme (INKA) – Tampere • Help local businesses to elaborate/test solutions in real urban environment to solve challenges, confront their solutions to international competition. • Stimulate the private sector to make it more innovative by increasing skills. • 6-Cities Strategy • Build skills of the community of public actors in order to foster the spread of an open innovation policy. • based on the implementation of three consistent approaches: • Open data of the cities to feed all the products/services; • Open innovation platforms, with the aim to create new products and services through new kinds of procurement processes; • Open participation, co-creation. • TEKES Smart Procurement Program • Speed up innovation, improve access for products and services developed by SMEs • First phases reserved for universities and research centres, second to SMEs
- 11. • Tool to foster innovation, when country was afflicted by economic crisis • Remove entries barriers, encourage involvement of new participants in public procurement • Limit the size of the documents describing the challenges. • Procurement in 2 phases: open ideas competition to choose five finalists, then a negotiated procedure • 200 companies contacted per challenge • Problem solving oriented methodology • “City governments need to get out of procuring by specifying the solution they want”. “They can’t possibly have enough knowledge to do that well. What they should do is specify the problem they want to solve and show metrics on what success looks like. And then allow the market to inspire them to find the best solutions.” S. Haselmayer • Key issues: • Culture change in the public agencies • Problem statement preparation • Challenges provided ~1.000.000€: 6.000€ at least and 250.000€ at most per company selected for the further steps Growth Program BARCELONA 11
- 13. • “European virtual accelerator that selects, funds and provides support services to SMEs & Web Entrepreneurs building their products and services making use of FIWARE technologies and re-using Open Data. The main objective is to launch ready-to-market ICT products and services fostering the European ICT ecosystem.” • 2 calls - (197 + 296=493) proposals received. 101 selected to enter in the acceleration process. • €4.64 million distributed among the beneficiaries. Future Internet Open Data Expansion FINODEX 13
- 14. • 6-month incubator for open data entrepreneurs across Europe • Funded with a €7.8m grant from the EU’s Horizon 2020 programme Opendataincubator.eu ODINE 14
- 15. PROCUREMENT AS LEVER FOR OPEN DATA ECOSYSTEMS STIMULATION 15
- 16. • Procurement: best vehicle for stimulating open data ecosystems and channeling stakeholders’ interventions. • Europe switching from procedural perspective to strategic perspective: • Innovation, sustainability and social responsibility • Directive 2014/24/EU: new forms of public procurement suited to innovation fostering among public and private partners. • Traditional public procurement procedures: open or restricted procedures, competitive procedure with negotiation • Innovation partnership: dedicated to the acquisition of “innovative products and services that cannot be found on the market” • (Design) contest usually applies to the procurement (or the reward) of artistic works but also apply to some forms of design works (e.g. architectural and data processing). Directive 2014/24/EU INNOVATION AND PROCUREMENT 16
- 17. Introducing the Stimulator Function OPEN DATA ECOSYSTEMS 17 6th International Conference on EGOVIS 2017 - Electronic Government and the Information Systems Perspective • Ecosystem approach: strategic ecosystem thinking • Ecosystem perspective • as an analysis tool • as a steering tool to influence and stimulate the ecosystem • Assess the relevance of a new role: • stimulate the ecosystem, • address lacks and weaknesses identified in the ecosystem • foster the innovation potential of the ecosystem http://www.researchgate.net/publication/317278860_Open_Data_Ecosystems_Introducing_the_Stimulator_Function
- 18. • Overview of recent and current initiatives to promote second generation stimulation of open data reuse through the emergence of sustainable ecosystems. • Address the varied geographical, political and social contexts in Eurasia and beyond. • Public procurement: strongly tied by legal framework (fair competition), remains strategic lever. • BE-GOOD: test this approach using public procurement as vehicle. • formalise a role encompassing a stimulation function allowing public bodies to influence the ecosystem through various tools, both organisational and financial and specifically through the mean of public procurement. • New kinds of risks: require careful definition to develop in further researches. CONCLUSION & PERSPECTIVES 18
- 19. Slim Turki, Sébastien Martin, Samuel Renault {slim.turki, sebastien.martin, samuel.renault}@list.lu How open data ecosystems are stimulated? Thank you for your attention St. Petersburg, Russian Federation September 4-6, 2017 In conjunction with IFIP EGOV-EPART 2017