Intelligence and measurement of intelligence

ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY,
ISLAMABAD
ONLINE WORKSHOP – JUL./AUG. 2020
INTELLIGENCE
AND
MEASUREMENT OF INTELLIGENCE
in
Human Development and Learning
C.C 8610 - B.Ed.
Presented by:
Ch. Muhammad Ashraf
m.ashraf0919@gmail.com
https://www.slideshare.net/RizwanDuhdra
Telegram: https://t.me/duhdra

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING
INTELLIGENCE AND MEASUREMENT OF INTELLIGENCE
Objectives
 At the end of this lecture the students can be able to
 Discuss intelligence and how is it measured
 Discuss theories of multiple intelligence
 Review and controversies and issues in intelligence
 Understand the intellectual characteristics of learners
 Workout Activities relevant to children's intellectual development
at pre and elementary school level
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

Overview
Cognition is the study of mental process, human mind which
lead to the acquisition of new knowledge and skills - such as
thinking, visualizing, imaging, creating, problem solving etc.
Intelligence refers to the process of applying thought or knowledge
into real life. hence intelligence involves the process of assimilating
knowledge as well as the ability to apply the same.
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

Definition
Some total global capacity of a person to think rationally, to
act purposefully and deal effectively with the environment. The
ability to solve problems and adapt and learn from experiences,
creativity, and interpersonal skills.
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Theoretical Positions
Spearman suggested that there is a general ability or
intelligence which is responsible for an individual's overall success in
different tasks. Overall general intelligence includes abstract
thinking or reasoning, the capacity to acquire new knowledge and
problem-solving ability.
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

Theoretical Positions
Roberts Sternberg proposed that intelligence is composed of
three basic components including analytical, creative and practical
components. Creative intelligence is an ability to combine different
ideas to form something new. Whereas practical intelligence involves
applying knowledge and skills into different environment.
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

Gardner’s Multiple Intelligence
1- Logical Mathematical:
Ability to use numerical / mathematical operations, reasoning
and logic.
2-Linguistic:
Ability to use functions of language, express oneself and
comprehend others
3-Spatial:
Ability to understand and manipulate patterns, spaces and
objects- designing, visualizing
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

4-Musical:
Ability to appreciate music- creating tunes etc.
5-Bodily Kinesthetic:
Ability to use fine and gross motor skills - dancing swimming
etc.
6-Interpersonal:
Ability to interact with others- leading, organizing, socializing
etc.
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

7-Intrapersonal:
Ability to appreciate one's own self to guide one's own life- goal
setting, planning, dreaming, meditation etc.
8-Naturalistic:
Ability to appreciate the natural environment- understanding,
working with and caring for Mother Nature etc
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

Measurement of Intelligence
A number of standardized tests are used to measure
intelligence. these tests do not give us absolute information about an
individual's capabilities. Even then these tests provide a reasonable
fair picture to make decisions for future. These tests are divided into
individual and group intelligent tests.
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

Measurement of intelligence
Individual intelligence tests:
The Stanfolrd/Binet test and Wechsler test scales-WAIS are
the most commonly used individual tests to measure intelligence
that is to measure fluid intelligence knowledge, quantitative
reasoning, working memory etc. used ranging from 2 years to
adulthood. For early childhood includes less items with verbal and
nonverbal mode of testing for children 2 to 7 years
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

Another commonly used test is WISC-iv that targets the
children 6 to 16 years- for both general intelligence and other
intellectual factors such verbal reasoning, perceptual reasoning,
working memory and processing speed. Furthermore, aptitude and
achievement tests are also used as indicators of an individual's
intelligence
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

A French educationist Alfred Binet is called the father of
modern intelligent tests. First of all, he developed intelligent tests
comprising of 30 questions. Binet gave the idea of mental age and
stern gave the concept of intelligent quotient (I.Q).
I.Q = mental age / chronological age X 100
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

Terman classified intelligence according to IQ as below
140 and above
130- 139
120- 129,
110 – 119
90- 109
80- 89,
70 – 79
60 – 69
50 – 59
and less than 49
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

Group intelligence tests:
A quick and cost-effective way of measuring students’
intelligence is to conduct a test in a group- e.g Lorge-Thorndike
intelligence test and Otis-Lennon school ability test (OLSAT). doctor
Yerkes originated group intelligent test during 1st World War Alpha
and beta tests were also used as group test. After that Oltas, Klap,
Thorndike and Thruston developed group tests
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By:Ch.M.Ashraf

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Intelligence and measurement of intelligence

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