Interdependence in architecture

INTERDEPENDECE
OFFORM,STRUCTUTRE, FUNCTION AND SPACE
Compiled by : FD Architects Forum
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FOUR INTERDEPENDENT VARIABLES
Context
Problem
Formulation
Solution
Approach
Solution
Implementation
The Problem Solving Structure
The Systems Methodology
Understanding the Context is manifested as a strategy which drives the
systems problem in terms of four interdependent variables and the
solution is developed iteratively
Function
Structure
Form
Strategy
Desired
Capabilities
Space

CONTINUOUS DESIGN PROCESS
SYSTEM
 “Continuous improvement” – no prescribed “end
point”
 “Desired capabilities” – no well-defined and
bounded requirements
 Reality indicates that “no one” is actually in charge
 Heterogeneity across diverse domains of
functional and form needs
 “DESIGN Systems” come and go so design
system is NOT bounded

Multidisciplinary Landscape of Design:
Design
Business
Technology
Architecture
Urban Planning
Economics
Linguistics
Art
System
Dynamics
Literature
Philosophy
Psychology
Sociology
Anthropolog
y
Biography
Ethics
Politics

What Is Design?

My Personal Definition of Design:
Design refers to the human activity to invent a
new structure for utility“
”
Note:
This is a very general definition, and should apply to all kinds of design
activities, including architectural design, industrial design, urban design,
process design, organization design, you name it.

Environment/Context
External Force
External Force
Tie between
substructures
Entity with
function
Substructure
Boundary
Tie between
substructures
Environment/Context

“Ends” and “Means” of Design:
Structure of Physical Objects
Structure of Informational Objects
Structure of Logic
Structure of Time
Structure of Mind
Structure of Economy
+
+
+
Structure of Behaviors/Events/Activities
Structure of People
=
=
+
Direct Manipulation
Influence
Ends

Example: Architecture
Direct Manipulation
Influence
Goal
 

Example: BlackBerry
Direct Manipulation
Influence
Goal
 

Conclusion:
 The mission of design is to improve the human emotion
(structure of mind), and economic outcome (structure of
economy)
 To achieve this mission, we have to influence the “structure of
events” (e.g. the process flow) and the “structure of people” (e.g.
social network), by manipulating the door /window, screens,
levels , structure , etc.
 This also determines the design process: “define the mission” ->
“design the stories” -> “design the architecture”

The “Hard” Part and The “Soft” Part in Our
Life:
Solid
Organization
Managership
Database
Law
Engineering
BBS
Process
Browse
Left Brain
Reality
Science
Explicit Knowledge
Analytic Thinking
Quantitative
Structuralism
…
Relatively “Soft” PartRelatively “Hard” Part
Liquid
Community
Leadership
Documents
Morality
Design
Wiki
Practice
Search
Right Brain
Dream
Art/Philosophy
Tacit Knowledge
Intuition
Qualitative
Deconstructionism
…

Realist
Some things are independent
of mind
Idealist
Everything is mind dependent
Rationalist
Some knowledge of the
world is independent of
our own experience
Architect
The structure of the mind
matches, in some respects,
the structure of the world
•Plato
•Descartes
Dreamer
Our mind structures the
world
•Kant
Empiricist
All knowledge of the world
comes from experience
Scientist
We can gain knowledge of
the world, but only
through experience
•Aristotle
•Locke
•Russell
Skeptic
We have no better insight
into the workings of our
minds than into the world
itself
•Hume
•Berkeley
Categorization of Classical Epistemology
Four Mindsets For Designers

THE STRUCTURE
THE STRUCTURE
3.1. Structural Requirements
3.2. Structure Types
3.2.1. Post and Beam Structures
3.2.2. Arches and Vaulted Halls, and Domes
3.2.3. Portal Frames
3.2.4. Trusses
3.2.5. Space Frames
3.2.6. Folded Roofs
3.2.7. Shells
3.2.8. Tensile Structures
3.3. DETERMINATION OF THE STRUCTURAL FORM
3.3.1. Design Strategies
3.3.2. Selection Of The Generic Type Of Structure
3.3.3. Selection Of Structural Material

THE STRUCTURE
Structural Requirements

THE STRUCTURE
About Structural requirements : load

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Materialization of cube

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Post and beam structures

THE STRUCTURE
: load bearing walls

THE STRUCTURE
: Skeleton Frame

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Arches , Vaulted halls and domes

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Portal Frames

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Trusses

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Space Frame

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Folded Roof

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Shells

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Tensile Structures

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Tensile Structures : membranes

THE STRUCTURE
Structure Types : Masted Structures

THE STRUCTURE
Determination of the Structure Form

THE STRUCTURE
Determination of the Structure Form : Design Strategies

THE STRUCTURE
Determination of the Structure Form :
Selection of Generic Type of structure

THE STRUCTURE
Determination of the Structure Form :
Selection of structure material

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Interdependence in architecture

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