Kaizen is a Japanese philosophy of continuous incremental improvement. It means making small, continual changes for the better. The roles in kaizen include top management establishing it as a strategy, middle management implementing policies, supervisors applying it functionally, and employees participating through suggestions. Kaizen reduces waste, improves quality and space utilization, and boosts morale. It can be used widely in manufacturing and non-manufacturing. A case study showed a printing company used kaizen to identify issues with their estimating process. They generated and selected solutions, reducing overruns from 700 to 310 copies daily and eliminating overruns on some editions, saving over £14,000 annually.