Introduction to System analysis part1
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The document is an introduction to system analysis and design (SAD) provided by Dr. Mohammed Kassim. It defines a system as a combination of interrelated components working together to accomplish a task. An information system is defined as a technologically implemented medium for recording, storing, and disseminating information to support decision making. The key components of an information system are identified as people, hardware, software, data, and networks. People resources include end users and information systems specialists. Hardware resources include computers and peripheral devices. Software resources include system software, application software, and procedures. Data resources include raw data stored in databases.
Introduction to System analysis part1
- 1. Introdaction to Python Dr. Mohammed Kassim Page 1 Introduction to SAD INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN TEACHER DR. MOHAMMED KASSIM 2016
- 2. Introdaction to Python Dr. Mohammed Kassim Page 2 Introduction to SAD System System as a combination of resources or functional units working together to accomplish a given task. The term "working together" in system definition is very important as all the components are interrelated and interdependent and cannot exist independently. As the definition says, these components interact with each other to accomplish a given task, which is actually the objective of the system. The components that comprise a system may be the various inputs required by the system, the outcomes or the outputs of the system, the resources required to make the system functional. System a set of components that work together to achieve a common goal. Computer-based Information Systems take data as raw material, process it, and produce information as output. Figure 1.1. System
- 3. Introdaction to Python Dr. Mohammed Kassim Page 3 Introduction to SAD Information system Has been defined in terms of two perspectives, one relating to its function; the other relating to its structure. From a functional perspective; an information system is a technologically implemented medium for the purpose of recording, storing, and disseminating linguistic expressions as well as for the supporting of inference making. From a structural perspective; an information system consists of a collection of people, processes, data, models, technology and partly formalized language, forming a cohesive structure which serves some organizational purpose or function. Information system is Combinations of hardware, software, and telecommunications networks that people build and use to collect, create, and distribute useful data in organizations. Figure 1.2. Information system
- 4. Introdaction to Python Dr. Mohammed Kassim Page 4 Introduction to SAD Components of Information Systems 1. Resources of people: (end users and IS specialists, system analyst, programmers, data administrators etc.). 2. Hardware: (Physical computer equipment’s and associate device, machines and media). 3. Software: (programs and procedures). 4. Data: (data and knowledge bases), and 5. Networks: (communications media and network support). People Resources • End users: (also called users or clients) are people who use an information system or the information it produces. They can be accountants, Figure 1.3. Components Information Systems
- 5. Introdaction to Python Dr. Mohammed Kassim Page 5 Introduction to SAD salespersons, engineers, clerks, customers, or managers. Most of us are information system end users. • IS Specialists: people who actually develop and operate information systems. They include systems analysts, programmers, testers, computer operators, and other managerial, technical. Hardware Resources • Machines: as computers and other equipment along with all data media, objects on which data is recorded and saved. • Computer systems: consist of variety of interconnected peripheral devices.
- 6. Introdaction to Python Dr. Mohammed Kassim Page 6 Introduction to SAD Software Resources Software Resources includes all sets of information processing instructions. This generic concept of software includes not only the programs, which direct and control computers but also the sets of information processing (procedures). Software Resources includes: • System software, such as an operating system • Application software, which are programs that direct processing for a particular use of computers by end users. • Procedures, which are operating instructions for the people, who will use an information system.
- 7. Introdaction to Python Dr. Mohammed Kassim Page 7 Introduction to SAD Data Resources Data resources include data (which is raw material of information systems) and database. Data can take many forms, including traditional alphanumeric data, composed of numbers and alphabetical and other characters that describe business transactions and other events and entities. Text data, consisting of sentences and paragraphs used in written communications; image data, such as graphic shapes and figures; and audio data, the human voice and other sounds, are also important forms of data.