introductiottttttttttttttttttttttttn_to_computers.ppt
- 2. Contents • Definition of computer. • Features of computers • Working of computer. • Types of computer. • Classes of computer. • Generation of computers. • Types of languages. • Software & Hardware. • Memory
- 3. Definition of computer. A computer is an electronic device which takes the or data input from the user, than processes it and gives the meaningful result or information.
- 4. Features of computers • Storage : Computer can store large amount of data. • Speed : It can perform complex calculations in less time. • Accuracy : Performs operation with perfect result. • Versatility : It can work for a long period of time without getting tired.
- 5. Working of computer. C.P.U INPUT OUTPUT CONVERTERS CONVERTERS MEMORY
- 6. Types of computer. • Analog Computers : These computers were used for measurement purpose. • Digital Computers : Used to perform complex mathematical calculations. • Hybrid Computers : Combination of Analog and Digital computers.
- 7. Classes of computer. (size, features and usage) • Main frame computers – These are huge in size, especially made up of vacuum tubes. – It supported multi users and also the speed was high. – Disadvantage was it produced a lot of heat.
- 8. Classes of computer. (size, features and usage) • Mini Frame computers. – Medium sized computers which falls between the category of micro and main frame computers. – The additional feature multiprocessing was introduced, which means working with more than one application at a single instance of time.
- 9. Classes of computer. (size, features and usage) • Micro Computers – Also known as desktop computers. – Especially used for commercial and entertainment purpose. – An average person can use easily this class of computer. – Disadvantage is it supports only single user at a time.
- 10. Classes of computer. (size, features and usage) • Super Computers – These are the fastest computers present on earth right now. – Especially used by scientist who make research of space and other thing. – It supports multi users & multiprocessing, speed and storage capacity is high. – Its cost is very high and a average person cannot work on it.
- 11. Generation of computers. First Generation 1946-1955 Vacuum Tubes. Second Generation 1955-1965 Transistors. Third Generation 1965-1975 IC’s (Integrated Circuits) Fourth Generation 1975-Present Micro Processor Fifth Generation Present – Beyond Artificial Intelligence.
- 12. Types of languages. • High level language (H.L.L) – It is made up of common english alphabets, used for programming purpose. • Middle level language (M.L.L) – It is made up of nemunic codes, these codes are set of different characters used for programming. • Middle level language (L.L.L) – it is made up of 0’s and 1’s computer can understand these type of language. It is also called as binary level language.
- 13. Memory Storage capicity or ablity of a computer is called as memory Memory Measurement 4 bits = 1 nibble 8 bits = 1 kilo byte(K.B) 1024 K.B = 1 Mega byte (M.B) 1024 M.B = 1 Giga byte (G.B) 1024 G.B = 1 Tera Byte (T.B)
- 14. Software & Hardware. Software are set of programs which are bind together to do a particular task. Programs are set of instructions. Instruction are nothing but set of commands. Types of software •Operating system / system software. •It is a interface between hardware and the user. Ex: DOS,windows 98, win XP, Linux, Mac etc •Application program •These software are use to fulfills user requirements. Ex ms- office, media players, games etc •Utility software. •Used for specific purpose in an organization. Ex: software's used in banks, airports, hospital etc.
- 15. Hardware: The physical component of the computer are called as hardware. Ex : motherboard, hard disk, RAM, floppy, cd drives, key board, mouse, etc Translators or converters We have two types of translators or converters, which converts the high level language to low level language and vice versa. 1.Compiler It translates whole page at a time. 2. Interpreter It translates single lines at a time.