JPN1415 R3E: Reliable Reactive Routing Enhancement for Wireless Sensor Networks
- 1. R3E: Reliable Reactive Routing Enhancement for Wireless Sensor Networks ABSTRACT: Providing reliable and efficient communication under fading channels is one of the major technical challenges in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), especially in industrial WSNs (IWSNs) with dynamic and harsh environments. In this work, we present the Reliable Reactive Routing Enhancement (R3E) to increase the resilience to link dynamics for WSNs/IWSNs. R3E is designed to enhance existing reactive routing protocols to provide reliable and energy-efficient packet delivery against the unreliable wireless links by utilizing the local path diversity. Specifically, we introduce a biased backoff scheme during the route-discovery phase to find a robust guide path, which can provide more cooperative forwarding opportunities. Along this guide path, data packets are greedily progressed toward the destination through nodes’ cooperation without utilizing the location information. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that compared to other protocols, R3E remarkably improves the packet delivery ratio, while maintaining high energy efficiency and low delivery latency.
- 2. EXISTING SYSTEM: Reactive routing protocols apply the on-demand procedures to dynamically build the route between a source and a destination. Routes are generally created and maintained by two different phases, namely: route discovery and route maintenance. Route discovery usually occurs on-demand by flooding an RREQ (RouteRequest) through the network, i.e., when a node has data to send, it broadcasts an RREQ. When a route is found, the destination returns an RREP (RouteReply), which contains the route information (either the hop-by-hop information or complete addresses from the source to the destination ) traversed by the RREQ. DISADVANTAGES OF EXISTING SYSTEM: Undesirable delay as well as additional energy consumption. Wireless channel conditions and sensor node failures may cause network topology and connectivity changes over time. In IWSNs, transmission failures can result in missing or delaying of process.
- 3. PROPOSED SYSTEM: We propose a Reliable Reactive Routing Enhancement (R3E) to increase the resilience to link dynamics for WSNs/IWSNs. Our design inherits the advantages of opportunistic routing, thus achieving shorter end-to-end delivery delay, higher energy efficiency, and reliability. R3E is designed to augment existing reactive routing protocols to combat the channel variation by utilizing the local path diversity in the link layer. ADVANTAGES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM: Provide the solutions to reliable route discovery and efficient cooperative forwarding problems. Simple yet effective cooperative forwarding scheme. Compatible with most existing reactive routing protocols in WSNs/IWSNs.
- 4. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE: SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS: HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS: System : Pentium IV 2.4 GHz. Hard Disk : 40 GB.
- 5. Floppy Drive : 1.44 Mb. Monitor : 15 VGA Colour. Mouse : Logitech. Ram : 512 Mb. SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS: Operating system : Windows XP/7/LINUX. Implementation : NS2 NS2 Version : NS2.2.28 Front End : OTCL (Object Oriented Tool Command Language) Tool : Cygwin (To simulate in Windows OS) REFERENCE: Jianwei Niu, Long Cheng, Yu Gu, Lei Shu, and Sajal K. Das,“R3E: Reliable Reactive Routing Enhancement for Wireless Sensor Networks”, IEEE TRANSACTIONS, VOL. 10, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2014.