LDR Counter
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The document describes an object counter circuit project created by a group of students. The circuit uses an LDR, op-amp, and CD4026 7-segment counter IC connected to a 7-segment display. When light hitting the LDR is blocked, the resistance changes and triggers the op-amp signal to increment the counter IC and display. The group faced challenges with logistics, components, and circuit knowledge. Applications include counting products, attendees, or money. The project helped the students learn about electrical components and circuit design.
LDR Counter
- 1. Object Counter EE Project ME-05 B Group 8 Muhammad Hassan Tariq Muhammad Umair Qazi Ali Faizan Wattoo
- 2. Contents • Introduction • Components used • Challenges faced • Schematic diagram • Working of the circuit • Applications • Learning oucomes • Conclusion
- 3. Our Motivation • Some daily life problems.. • Counting manually is boring and monotonous! • Existing devices are expensive
- 4. Labour Division • Project Selection ALL • Analysis on Proteus Umair • Project Proposal Ali & Hassan • Logistics Ali & Umair • Testing & Setup ALL • Research Support Hassan • Final Project Report ALL
- 5. About our circuit… • Employs an LDR to ‘see’ the object moving past it • The change in light intensity triggers a signal through the OP-AMP to the IC • The IC causes an increment to be shown on the display
- 6. Components Used • CD 4026 7-segment dual power decode counter • LDR • 4 resistors, 1M-ohm each • 7 segment display (common cathode) • UA 741 op-amp • DC power supply (5V)
- 7. Challenges encountered • Logistics • Faulty components • Non-availability of Digital Training System • Lack of sound knowledge about practically using ICs and op-amps.
- 9. Working of Circuit • Basic Principle: Whenever there is a light blockage, resistance of LDR increases which causes the display to increment by 1. • The circuit requires an LDR, op-amp, decode counter and a display mainly. • Display shows digit ‘0’ when power supply is turned on. • If the light reaching LDR becomes less intense, a signal is generated by op-amp.
- 10. Working of Circuit continued… • The decode counter decodes the signal and then feeds it into the 7-segment display. • The digit on display is incremented by one accordingly.
- 11. Video
- 12. Applications: • It can be used as a counter outside of the parking facilities • it can be used in seminar halls etc. to keep a count of attendants and prevent overcrowding • High-production industries can make use of this counter to keep record of the amount of products to calculate production rate etc. • With a slight modification, it can be used in banks and offices in money counter machines • & a lot more…….. !!
- 13. Learning Outcomes: • Learnt the function and working of different electrical components e.g resistors, ICs , LDRs, Op-Amps etc. • We learnt the use of “Digital Analogue Training System” • We learnt to use “proteus” & analyze a circuit on it. • Working of a seven segment display. • Electrical components should be handled carefully within there voltage ranges. (As we happened to end up with a burnt IC & a 7 segment display) • How to work in teams & co-ordinate with each other to come up with the best solution saving time & money • & try try again !!!
- 14. Conclusion: • Our “LDR counter” can count 0-9 whenever there is light blockage, however this range can be increased as per requirement • It is a simple, efficient & cost-effective solution when it comes to counting. • It has many useful applications as discussed • relax & enjoy a cup of tea while It makes the “tiresome” counting process for you!