Lesson 1 • Elements & Principles of Design and Art
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This document provides information about the elements and principles of art and design. It discusses the key elements, which are the basic building blocks that make up a piece of art, such as line, shape, space, value, color and texture. It then covers the principles of design, which are techniques for arranging the elements, like emphasis, balance, unity, contrast, movement and pattern. Students are assigned a project to present examples that demonstrate each element and principle using their own photographs.
Lesson 1 • Elements & Principles of Design and Art
- 1. Elements and Principles of Art & Design! ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Unit 4 • Composition
- 2. Learning Goals Today, I will… • Have knowledge and understanding of the elements of design and art • Be able to communicate my understanding of the elements of design and art using digital tools
- 3. The Elements & Principles Elements • The basic building blocks; • The things inside, that make up a piece of art • Most art will contain all of the elements • (Think of as the ingredients) Principles • What we do with the building blocks (elements) • (Think of as your chef’s technique and preparation of a dish)
- 4. Role Reversal • In pairs, you will be given one of the elements to research and present to the class
- 5. Role Reversal • In your presentation you should provide the following: • Your element • A definition/description • Minimum 5 examples, describing how each photograph uses your element • Final slide; links to sources
- 6. Elements of Art & Design! ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– The ____________ of a composition. • The basic building blocks; the ingredients
- 7. Line • Directs the eye – horizontal, vertical, diagonal, curvy, zig-zag, etc. • Has greater length than width • Can be a mark made by a moving point • Can be actual obvious lines or the borders or edges of shapes
- 12. Shape/Form • A contained area. • Can be GEOMETRIC (man-made) ex. Square, triangle, circle, etc. • Can be ORGANIC (natural) ex. Leaves, humans, puddles, etc. • Used to create a sense of space and substance.
- 13. Shape/Form Shape • Shapes are 2-Dimensional and flat; created when a line is enclosed • Can be measured in width x height • For example, a circle Form • Form encloses volume; 3-Dimensional • Can be measured in width x height x depth • For example, sphere
- 14. The basic arch shape takes on form when depth is created with different shadow and highlight values.
- 15. The basic square shape takes on form when depth is created with different shadow and highlight value as well as the camera’s perspective helps emphasize the form.
- 18. Space • The area used or unused in a composition; can contribute to balance within a composition • Use of space can create dimension for the viewer; the area around, within, or between objects/subjects in an image create perspective; positive and negative space. • Positive space – the area the objects/subject takes up. • Negative space – the area around, under, through and between. • Foreground (closest), Middle ground, and Background (farthest). • Can be open, crowded, near, far, etc. • When used effectively, it can define importance and lead the eye.
- 22. Value • Black and White and all the Grays in between • The darkness or lightness of a colour; adding white to a colour makes it a tint; adding black to a colour makes it a shade • Can add drama and impact to composition
- 27. Color • Colour can alter the overall mood/ feeling. • Hue (refers to the name; i.e. red) • Saturation (intensity or amount) • Temperature (cool, warm; measured in Kelvin) • Related to value.
- 28. Color
- 33. Texture • The appearance of how a surface feels • Rough, smooth, bumpy, gooey, sharp, etc. • Adds interest! Sense of sight and sense of touch involved.
- 37. Learning Goals Today, I will… • Have knowledge and understanding of the principles of design and art • Be able to communicate my understanding of the principles of design and art using digital tools
- 38. Principles of Art & Design! –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
- 39. Principles of Art & Design: What you do with/how you arrange the basic building blocks (elements) to create artistic, interesting, more visually powerful photographs. Just like elements, photographs can utilize multiple principles.
- 40. Principles! What you do with the basic building blocks (elements) • Emphasis • Balance • Unity / Harmony • Contrast • Movement / Rhythm • Pattern / Repetition • Scale / Proportion
- 41. Emphasis • Creating a focal point; • Emphasis in a composition refers to creating points of interest to pull the viewer's eye to important parts of the body of the work
- 42. Emphasis is created through contrasting colour.
- 43. Even though all elements share a green hue, emphasis is created due to the difference in shape/ form.
- 45. Da egg is different, so….
- 46. Balance • Balance is the impression of stability or equality in a composition. • Balance is often referred to as symmetrical, asymmetrical, or radial.
- 47. Symmetrical balance is created through the reflection of the cliff in the water. *Although, this does look heavily Photoshopped ;)
- 48. Symmetrical balance is achieved as the photograph has equal weight.
- 49. Asymmetrical balance is created by using space and perspective. The pole in the foreground is emphasized, however, the right side of image contains multiple poles to help balance the photograph.
- 51. Radial balance is created with the majority of the weight centred in the image and repeated elements circle away from the centre point.
- 53. Unity / Harmony • Unity is achieved when the components of a work of art are perceived as harmonious, giving the work a sense of completion • How things are linked, similar, common - when all the parts equal a whole.
- 56. Contrast • Contrast refers to the opposites and differences in the composition. • You can achieve contrast by using different shapes, textures, colors and values in your work. • For example, something light against something dark, rough against smooth textures, etc.
- 61. Movement/Rhythm • Rhythm or movement refers to the suggestion of motion through the use of various elements. • The way elements are arranged to lead the eye to or from the focal area.
- 62. Rhythm and motion are created through the repeated pattern of ripples in the sand.
- 65. Pattern/Repetition • An element that occurs over and over again in a composition • Can repeat the element in a consistent or varying pattern
- 71. Scale / Proportion • Scale/proportion refers to the relative size and scale of the various elements in a design; the relationship between objects, or parts, of a whole • For example, a person compared to large building, or different sized people in same photograph.
- 72. Hi.
- 73. Nope.
- 78. Elements and Principles of Art & Design! ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Assignment Due: Tuesday March 24, 2015
- 79. Task: • Choose one of the following methods to present your elements and principles of art & design: 1. Video slideshow (i.e. created with iMovie) 2. PowerPoint (or Prezi, Google Slides, etc.) 3. Word (similar to glossary) Elements and Principles of Art & Design • Assignment! –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
- 80. Task: • Present an example of each element and principle of art & design using original photography. • For each example, provide a detailed description of how each photograph presents the element or principle • A different original photograph must be used for each element (no repeats!) – 13 total photos & descriptions. Elements and Principles of Art & Design • Assignment! –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
- 81. What you will be marked on… • Appropriate and accurate examples of each element & principle • Creative and appropriate method of presentation (Slideshow, PowerPoint, etc.) • Accurate, detailed description and communication of how each photograph presents the element or principle • Composition (yes, this always matters) • Exposure (same with this) • Post-processing (use of Photoshop to correct and enhance) Elements and Principles of Art & Design • Assignment! –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––
- 82. Journal #5 March Break ––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– TAKE PHOTOS OF YOUR WEEK OFF SCHOOL! Get out of the house and practice composition, exposure, digital darkroom, and elements & principles of design & art. Due: Friday March 20, 2015