Lesson 5 How Does the Skeletal System Work.pdf
- 1. Lesson 5 How Does the Skeletal System Work? page 377
- 2. The Skeletal System The skeletal system is the body system composed of bones, cartilages, ligaments and other tissues that perform essential functions for the human body.
- 3. Two Main Groups of Skeletal System: Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton 1. 2.
- 5. AXIAL SKELETON - Composed of bones that protect some delicate organs of the body. - Consist of the skull, backbone, breastbone and ribs.
- 6. AXIAL SKELETON Skull - The human skull consists of the cranium and the facial bones. Composed of 29 bones 1.
- 7. AXIAL SKELETON 2. Cranium - The cranium holds and protects the brain in a large space called the cranial vault.
- 8. AXIAL SKELETON 3. Backbone or spine - is attached to the base of the skull. It consists of 26 irregularly- shaped bones called vertebrae.
- 9. AXIAL SKELETON 4. Breastbone or sternum - found at the middle of the chest.
- 10. AXIAL SKELETON 5. The rib cage is composed of 12 pairs of ribs plus the sternum for a total of 25 separate bones. The rib cage functions as protection for the vital organs such as the heart and lungs.
- 11. AXIAL SKELETON 5. The rib cage is composed of 12 pairs of ribs plus the sternum for a total of 25 separate bones. The rib cage functions as protection for the vital organs such as the heart and lungs.
- 12. APPENDICULAR SKELETON - The appendicular skeleton is the portion of the skeleton of vertebrates consisting of the bones that support the appendages.
- 13. APPENDICULAR SKELETON There are 126 bones. The appendicular skeleton includes the skeletal elements within the limbs, as well as supporting shoulder girdle pectoral and pelvic girdle.[
- 14. APPENDICULAR SKELETON - Consists of the collar bones, shoulder bones and bones of the arms, hips, and legs.
- 15. APPENDICULAR SKELETON Collar bones or clavicles that run sidewise just below your neck. Scapula 1. 2.
- 17. APPENDICULAR SKELETON Arm Bones - Upper arm - Humerus - Lower arm or forearm - Ulna and Radius
- 18. APPENDICULAR SKELETON Hip Bone - Pelvis Leg Bones - Upper leg - Femur - Lower leg - Tibia and Fibula Knee bone - knee cap or Patella
- 20. Structure of a Bone Periosteum - a thin membrane that covers the surface of the bone. Behind it is a hard compact bone, inside which is the spongy bone. Inside of it is the bone marrow where the red and white blood cells are produced.
- 21. Structure of a Bone
- 22. Structure of a Bone - Bones are hard and rigid. - They contain calcium, phosphorous and potassium. - They also contain fiberlike protein called collagen. - Bones are living tissue, they grow. - Bones can repair themselves.
- 23. Structure of a Bone When two bones meet, a joint is formed. - some joints allow limited movement while other joints allow different kind of movements.
- 24. Structure of a Bone The joints between the bones that make up the skull are fixed joints. Fixed joints in the skull or cranium are called sutures.
- 26. Structure of a Bone Gliding Joints - the joints between vertebrae. These bones do limited twisting, turning or sliding.
- 28. Structure of a Bone Pivot Joints - They are found at the part where a bone of the head meets the neck bone. These joints allow the head to turn sideways.
- 30. Structure of a Bone Hinge Joints - These allow limited movements like bending and straightening of fingers.
- 31. Structure of a Bone Hinge joints
- 32. Structure of a Bone Ball -and- Socket Joint -such as the shoulder and hip joints, allow backward, forward, sideways, and rotating movements.
- 34. Bone Connections Tendons - is a tough band of fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone and is capable of withstanding tension.
- 35. Bone Connections Ligament - connects one bone to another. Cartilage - fibrous slippery connective tissue acts as a cushion between two bones.
- 36. Bone Connections
- 37. Bone Connections Synovial fluid - a sticky oil -like substance that lubricates the joint which enables the bones to move smoothly.
- 38. Bone Connections
- 39. Bones that Protect Skull protects the brain. In front of the skull are two large sockets that protect the eyeballs. The lower jaw bones holds the teeth. Backbone protects spinal cord Hipbone Breastbone
- 41. Sprain
- 43. Fracture
- 45. Dislocation
- 46. First Aid Treatment - SPRAIN
- 47. First Aid Treatment - FRACTURE
- 48. BONE DISEASES
- 49. BONE DISEASES
- 50. BONE DISEASES
- 51. BONE DISEASES
- 52. BONE DISEASES
- 53. BONE DISEASES
- 54. BONE DISEASES
- 55. BONE DISEASES
- 56. BONE DISEASES
- 57. BONE DISEASES
- 58. BONE DISEASES
- 59. PROPER CARE OF THE BONES Eat the proper kinds of foods. Have enough exercise and rest. Maintain proper posture. Keep safe.
- 60. Thank You!!