Newtec DVB-S2 Calculator: Technical Training

Shaping the Future of
Satellite CommunicationsNewtec Proprietary – External UseSales Support: DVB-S2 Calculator Training
June 2013
for v2.17
Technical Training
DVB-S2
CALCULATOR

Newtec Proprietary – External Use
• What is it
• Where to find it
• How to use it
• Input data
• Output data
• Performance specific data
• How to determine the available resources in a transponder
• Overhead
• Rate information
• Table overview
• Some exercises
Technical Training
DVB-S2
CALCULATOR
Sales Support: DVB-S2 Calculator Training

• This BETA version is an addition to the well-know
Newtec DVB-S2 calculator (which has over 7,000
downloads since launch) and covers:
• DVB-S
• DVB-S2
• S2 Extensions
• For all current Azimuth, Elevation and MDM series
of demods and modems
• Includes Sat3Play terminals
WHAT IS IT?

Will put you on the list to
receive free updates
REGISTER TO
DOWNLOAD

INPUT DATA

Select the type of modulation.
• DVB-S
• DVB-S2
• S2 Extensions
SYSTEM

• Select the hardware that is used as demodulator or
modem.
• This will determine the limitations and performance
data according to the hardware that is being used.
• Notice that only the demod-board performance is
needed here, there is no notion of modulation
equipment.
DEMODULATOR
HARDWARE

Select the transponder operating mode. This field will be
used to determine the advised IBO and OBO plus
associated degradation when operating in the non-linear
region in saturation.
• Multi-carrier
• Single carrier
• without predistortion
• with predistortion
• in linearized transponder with predistortion
TRANSPONDER

Allows to enter the transponder spacing in MHz.
Typically this is 80 MHz for 72 MHz transponders
and 40 MHz for 36 MHz transponders.
Consult the frequency planning of the satellite
in case of doubt.
TRANSPONDER
SPACING

Select which data is to be used as input.
• Allocated bandwidth
• Baudrate
• Info rate
CARRIER INPUT
MODE

• Select the modcod from the drop down that will be
used on the carrier. Depending on the selected
system and hardware the list will be updated to
reflect only valid selections.
• Remark that all possible MODCODs are present in
this drop-down list.
• However some MODCODs might be less efficient
than higher MODCODs. For a selected list with
only the optimal MODCODs, please refer to the
table at the bottom of the sheet.
MODCOD
SELECTION

Intermezzo
ABOUT LINEAR
AND NON-
LINEAR
MODCODS
64APSK non-linear 64APSK linear

• Select the roll-off factor that is used on the carrier.
The roll-off factor will determine the occupied
bandwidth.
• All DVB-S2 and CCT (Clean Channel
Technology™) roll-off factors are supported.
ROLL-OFF
FACTOR (α)

• Select between normal and short frames.
• Short frames have a slightly lower performance
(- 0.1~0.2 dB) but have lower delay.
• Typically short frames are only used in systems
where the symbolrate is lower than 1 Mbaud and
where delay becomes an issue.
FRAME TYPE

• Select between pilot insertion on or off.
• Pilots are additional synchronization symbols that
are inserted at regular intervals in order to aid in
carrier synchronization.
• It is advised to enable pilots in VCM and ACM
systems or in CCM systems that employ low FECs
(for example DVB-S2 8PSK 3/5).
PILOT
INSERTION

• Depending on the system and hardware selected, a
number of encapsulation methods become
available.
• For transport streams, select “none”.
• This will be used to calculate the encapsulation
overhead depending on the traffic type selected.
IP
ENCAPSULATOR

• GSE encapsulation supports addressing terminals
by use of a label.
• This label can be 3 bytes long or 6 bytes long.
• Each terminal will then need to use its label to
filter out the traffic for that terminal.
• In small IP trunking networks, there is no need for
these labels as terminals can be identified by
means of the different ISI in the outbound carrier.
GSE LABEL

• Defines which type of traffic is used over the
modems.
• The type of traffic will determine the average IP
packet size which in term will determine the
average encapsulation overhead.
• iMix
• TSoIP (including RTP)
• TSoIP (excluding RTP)
• Not applicable (in case of TS)
TRAFFIC

For FER 1E-7 and 1E-3
OUTPUT DATA
Es/No (=C/(N+D) [dB] 8.09
C/(No+Do) [dBHz] 82.57
Eb/No [dB] 4.45
Info rate [Mbps] 64.786
Baudrate [Mbaud] 28.000
Bandwidth [MHz] 30.800
Efficiency [bits/baud] 2.314
[bits/Hz] 2.103
Frame length [ms] 0.596
Minimum baudrate [Mbaud] 1.000
Maximum baudrate [Mbaud] 72.000
Es/No (=C/(N+D) [dB] 7.94
C/N [dB] 9.03
Csat.pure.car/(No*Rs) [dB] 10.20
Csat.pure.car/(No*Alloc.bw) [dB] 9.78
Output data FER 1E-7

• Energy per symbol over the noise density.
• This is the required Es/No threshold in dB for
operation in the linear channel as listed on the
datasheets.
• This performance is measured in an RF loopback.
• C/(N+D) is as indicated by the Newtec demod’s
NoDE tool
Es/No = C/(N+D)

• Total carrier power over the noise density
• This is a measure for the required satellite
resources
• It is the product of the Es/No and the symbolrate
and is calculated as C/No = Es/No + 10*log(SR)
C/(No+Do)

• Energy per bit over the noise density.
• This is the required Eb/No in dB.
• It is calculated as Eb/No = Es/No – 10*log(n)
with n = the spectral efficiency in bits/baud.
• In case the Eb/No threshold is needed for single
carrier per transponder operation, calculate the
Eb/No back from C/N (see performance specific
information) as this value includes the non-linear
degradation.
Eb/No

Inforate
• The information rate (in Mbps) is the rate at the
input of the modulator part of the modem (so after
encapsulation by the interface part)
Baudrate
• The symbolrate of the carrier in Mbaud. In some
programs referred to as noise bandwidth
Bandwidth
• This is the occupied bandwidth of the signal and is
the symbolrate multiplied with the applied roll-off.
• BW = SR *(1+α) with α = 0.05 to 0.35
INFORATE
BAUDRATE
BANDWIDTH

• Efficiency is displayed in
• bits/baud (information rate divided by the symbolrate)
• bits/Hz (information rate divided by the occupied
bandwidth) taking into account the used roll-off factor.Bits/baud
Bits/Hz
EFFICIENCY

PERFORMANCE
SPECIFIC
INFORMATION
Csat.pure.car/(No*Txp) [dB] 20.28
C/N [dB] 20.93
IBO [dB] 0.50
OBO [dB] 0.53
C/D [dB] 23.82
Non-linear degradation [dB] 1.80
Performance specific information

• This is calculated as Es/No + OBO + non-linear
degradation.
• It is a measure for the needed resources in the
transponder in order to close the link.
Csat.pure.car/(No*Rs)

• Knowing what the available resources in a
transponder are will give you an idea on what C/N
can be achieved in a given link.
• A simple way of determining this is to uplink a
pure carrier at full saturation.
• When observing the transponder at that stage, one
can see the carrier power and the noise present in
the transponder.
Intermezzo
HOW TO
DETERMINE THE
AVAILABLE
RESOURCES IN A
TRANSPONDER

Intermezzo
HOW TO
DETERMINE THE
AVAILABLE
RESOURCES IN A
TRANSPONDER
• Power of the carrier: Csat.pure.car = - 10 dBm
• Noise power density: No = - 107.6 dBm/Hz
-10 dBm
-107.6 dBm/Hz

Intermezzo
HOW TO
DETERMINE THE
AVAILABLE
RESOURCES IN A
TRANSPONDER
• Density : Csat.pure.car/(Rs) = - 10 – 10 log(30E6) = -84.8 dB/Hz
-84.8 dBm/Hz

• If during the CW measurement the noise floor of
the transponder is measured, we can now calculate
the achievable C/N.
• In this case
• Csat.pure.car/(No*Rs) = -84.4 – (-107.6) = 23.2 dB
• If the selected MOCOD requires a certain OBO
value, this will have to be subtracted in order to
obtain the achievable C/N.
Intermezzo
HOW TO
DETERMINE THE
AVAILABLE
RESOURCES IN A
TRANSPONDER

• If in our example the carrier is modulated with
32APSK 5/6, requiring 3.5 dB OBO, the available
C/N is 23.2 – 3.5 = 19.7 dB.
• Taking into account the 16.75 dB C/N (Es/N + non-
linear degradation) that is needed, we can see that
this link will have about 2 dB of link margin.
• The amount of additional link margin will of course
be determined by the availability that is targeted.
Intermezzo
HOW TO
DETERMINE THE
AVAILABLE
RESOURCES IN A
TRANSPONDER

• This is the same value as Csat.pure.car/(No*Rs) but
referenced to the total transponder bandwidth.
• It is used to compare usage of a full transponder
Csat.pure.car/(No*Txp.BW)

• The carrier-to-noise needed at threshold.
• This is the sum of the Es/No and the non-linear
degradation in case of full transponder operation.
• It is the value that needs to be entered in the
linkbudget program if the non-linear degradation is
not indicated separately.
C/N

• The required input back-off in for optimal
performance
• This point is the balance between the two
contradictory requirements:
• The need to go as far into saturation to maximize the
output power but with a result increased distortion
• The need to stay away from saturation and operate in
the linear region in order to keep distortion degradation
to a minimum but resulting in lower output power.
IBO

• The output back-off in dB as a result of the selected
IBO.
• Remark that this is measured with modulated
carrier so including modulation loss.
OBO

• Carrier-to-distortion ratio as indicated by the
NoDE™ tool in Newtec demodulators.
• It is the distortion that will be present when
operating at the optimal IBO/OBO point.
• It can be used to determine this optimal operation
point during line-up.
C/D

OVERHEAD

• This is the raw FEC overhead.
• For example 3/4 result in a FEC overhead of 0.750
FEC
EXCLUDING
FRAMING
OVERHEAD

• This is the additional overhead caused by the DVB-
S2 framing (baseband framing, physical layer
framing, pilot insertion,…)
• It is typically around 3%
FRAMING
OVERHEAD

• The IP encapsulation overhead as function of:
• encapsulation method
• label format
• type of traffic.
ENCAPSU-
LATION
OVERHEAD

• This overhead is only applicable when the
complete TSoIP is transported over the satellite as
IP.
• It is used to calculate the effective TS rate from the
TSoIP at the input of the modem.
• In normal transports stream mode (such as on the
MDM6100 broadcast modem) the interface will
decapsulate the TS from the TSoIP and only
transport stream packets. This doesn’t not result in
additional overhead.
TSoIP
OVERHEAD

RATE
INFORMATION

• In case of TSoIP that is transported as native IP, this
is the overhead caused by the encapsulation of the
transport stream packets in IP packets.
• This encapsulation is not done in the modem but
typically by a MUX.
• The value can be used to determine the effective
rate of the transport stream.
TRANSPORT
STREAM RATE
AND
EFFICIENCY

• The effective rate at the input of the modem.
EFFECTIVE IP
RATE AND
EFFICIENCY

• The rate at the input of the modulator part of the
modem, so after the interface block that does the
encapsulation.
• To be used when encapsulation overhead is noted
separately.
INFO RATE AND
EFFICIENCY

• The data rate as if only FEC and modulation would be
applied.
• Sometime called the satellite rate.
• Example:
• QPSK ¾, 10 Mbaud  satellite rate = 10 * 2 * ¾ = 15 Mbps
RAW DATA
RATE AND
EFFICIENCY

• MODCODs are listed by their required satellite
resources and MODCODs that have lower
efficiency versus their needed resources compared
to the adjoining MODCODs are removed.
• The optimal MODCOD for the selected
configuration is highlighted.
TABLE
OVERVIEW
Optimal modcod 32APSK 3/4
ranking Modcod overview Es/No (=C/(N+D) Inforate efficiency C/N OBO Csat.pure.car/(No*Txp)
[dB] [bits/Hz] [dB] [dB] [dB]
1 32APSK 9/10 16.26 3.11 18.38 4.74 21.65
2 32APSK 8/9 15.95 3.07 17.90 4.72 21.16
3 32APSK 5/6 14.61 2.88 16.61 4.05 19.20
4 32APSK 4/5 14.06 2.76 16.18 3.66 18.37
5 32APSK 3/4 13.17 2.59 15.31 3.34 17.20
6 16APSK 8/9 13.16 2.46 15.06 2.55 16.15
7 16APSK 5/6 11.86 2.30 13.74 2.04 14.31
8 16APSK 4/5 11.30 2.21 13.15 1.82 13.51
9 16APSK 3/4 10.48 2.07 12.28 1.61 12.43
10 16APSK 2/3 9.23 1.84 10.93 1.24 10.70
11 8PSK 3/4 8.20 1.56 8.95 0.69 8.18
12 8PSK 2/3 6.84 1.38 7.47 0.61 6.62
13 8PSK 3/5 5.88 1.24 6.30 0.62 5.47
Available Modcods in optimal ranking

• The ranking of MODCODs is based on the required
resources Csat.pure.car/(No*Txp).
• The MODCODs are presented in a filtered way.
• For example in the case pictured above, it makes no
sense to even add the MODCOD for 16APSK 9/10
since it would require bigger resources for a lower
efficiency.
TABLE
OVERVIEW
Ranking
Optimal modcod QPSK 2/5
1 32APSK 9/10 16.26 3.11 18.38 4.74 21.65
2 32APSK 8/9 15.95 3.07 17.90 4.72 21.16
3 32APSK 5/6 14.61 2.88 16.61 4.05 19.20
4 32APSK 4/5 14.06 2.76 16.18 3.66 18.37
5 32APSK 3/4 13.17 2.59 15.31 3.34 17.20
6 16APSK 8/9 13.16 2.46 15.06 2.55 16.15
7 16APSK 5/6 11.86 2.30 13.74 2.04 14.31
8 16APSK 4/5 11.30 2.21 13.15 1.82 13.51

Es/No
• The required Es/No for the linear channel.
C/N
• The carrier-to-noise needed at threshold. This is the
sum of the Es/No and the non-linear degradation in
case of full transponder operation.
• It is the value that needs to be entered in the
linkbudget program if the non-linear degradation is
not indicated separately.
TABLE
OVERVIEW
Es/No
C/N
1 32APSK 9/10 16.26 3.11 18.38 4.74 21.65
2 32APSK 8/9 15.95 3.07 17.90 4.72 21.16
3 32APSK 5/6 14.61 2.88 16.61 4.05 19.20
4 32APSK 4/5 14.06 2.76 16.18 3.66 18.37
5 32APSK 3/4 13.17 2.59 15.31 3.34 17.20
6 16APSK 8/9 13.16 2.46 15.06 2.55 16.15
7 16APSK 5/6 11.86 2.30 13.74 2.04 14.31
8 16APSK 4/5 11.30 2.21 13.15 1.82 13.51

• The resulting output back-off in dB. Remark that
this is measured with modulated carrier so
including modulation loss.
TABLE
OVERVIEW
OBO
1 32APSK 9/10 16.26 3.11 18.38 4.74 21.65
2 32APSK 8/9 15.95 3.07 17.90 4.72 21.16
3 32APSK 5/6 14.61 2.88 16.61 4.05 19.20
4 32APSK 4/5 14.06 2.76 16.18 3.66 18.37
5 32APSK 3/4 13.17 2.59 15.31 3.34 17.20
6 16APSK 8/9 13.16 2.46 15.06 2.55 16.15
7 16APSK 5/6 11.86 2.30 13.74 2.04 14.31
8 16APSK 4/5 11.30 2.21 13.15 1.82 13.51

• Csat.pure.car/(No*Txp)
• This is calculated as Es/No + OBO + non-linear
degradation.
• It is a measure for the needed resources in the
transponder in order to close the link.
TABLE
OVERVIEW
Csat.pure.car/(No*Txp)
1 32APSK 9/10 16.26 3.11 18.38 4.74 21.65
2 32APSK 8/9 15.95 3.07 17.90 4.72 21.16
3 32APSK 5/6 14.61 2.88 16.61 4.05 19.20
4 32APSK 4/5 14.06 2.76 16.18 3.66 18.37
5 32APSK 3/4 13.17 2.59 15.31 3.34 17.20
6 16APSK 8/9 13.16 2.46 15.06 2.55 16.15
7 16APSK 5/6 11.86 2.30 13.74 2.04 14.31
8 16APSK 4/5 11.30 2.21 13.15 1.82 13.51

Linear channel
TABLE
OVERVIEW
0.00
0.50
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
-5.00 0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00
Efficiency[bits/baud]
Es/No [dB]
Es/No versus efficiency
Multi carrier
64APSK
32APSK
16APSK
8PSK
QPSK

• A 20 Mbps IP stream MPE encapsulated in DVB-S2
(roll-off 20%, 16APSK 5/6 received by an EL470
modem
• How much space capacity is currently needed?
• Using the exact same resources, what is the increase
in throughput using DVB-S2E with GSE?
• Is there an optimization possible by reducing the
roll-off but still using the same PEB?
Exercise 1
SOME
EXAMPLES

Input parameters
SOME
EXAMPLES
System DVB-S2
Demodulator Hardware EL470 IP modem
Transponder Multi carrier
Transponder spacing [MHz] 40
Carrier input mode Inforate
Inforate [Mbps] 20
Modcod 16APSK 5/6
Roll-off factor 0.2
Frame type Normal frames
Pilots Pilots on
IP encapsulator MPE
Label No label
Traffic iMix
Input data

Es/No (=C/N) [dB] 12.10
C/No [dBHz] 80.03
Eb/No [dB] 7.02
[bits/Hz] 2.685
Used resources
Space capacity needed
SOME
EXAMPLES

System S2 Extentions
Demodulator Hardware MDM6000-DH02-S2Ext Demod
Transponder Multi carrier
Carrier input mode Bandwidth
Modcod 16APSK-L 150/180
Roll-off factor 0.05
Pilots Pilots on
IP encapsulator GSE
Label No label
Traffic iMix
Input data
New configuration
SOME
EXAMPLES

Es/No (=C/N) [dB] 11.38
C/No [dBHz] 79.89
Eb/No [dB] 6.30
[bits/Hz] 3.068
Used resources are equal
or lower in same
bandwidth
SOME
EXAMPLES
Throughput increased with 2.8 Mbps

• A contribution carrier operates in DVB-S at 27.5
Mbaud 8PSK 5/6 with RO 25% in a linearized 36
MHz transponder.
• What is possible using DVB-S2E using the same resources?
• What is the gain of predistortion?
• Find the optimal point for roll-off versus symbolrate?
(you’ll need Csat.pure.car/(No*Txp.BW) for this)
Exercise 2
SOME
EXAMPLES

INPUT DATA
System DVB-S
Demodulator Hardware AZ910 Broadcast demod
Transponder Single carrier without predistortion
Carrier input mode Baudrate
Modcod 8PSK 5/6
Roll-off factor 0.25
Pilots Pilots on
IP encapsulator None
Label No label
Traffic iMix
Input data

OUTPUT DATA
Es/No (=C/(N+D) [dB] 12.21
Eb/No [dB] 8.59
[bits/Hz] 1.843

RESOURCES
C/N [dB] 13.87
IBO [dB] 0.50
OBO [dB] 0.35
C/D [dB] 17.19

RESOURCES
System S2 Extentions
Demodulator Hardware MDM6000-DH02-S2Ext Demod
Transponder Single carrier without predistortion
Carrier input mode Bandwidth
Bandwidth [MHz] 36
Modcod 16APSK 135/180
Roll-off factor 0.1
Pilots Pilots on
IP encapsulator GSE
Label No label
Traffic iMix
Input data
New configuration

C/N [dB] 12.19
IBO [dB] 5.50
OBO [dB] 1.61
C/D [dB] 15.07
RESOURCES
New configuration
Use about the same
resources

63.36 Mbps

94.79 Mbps
RESULT
Es/No (=C/(N+D) [dB] 10.39
Eb/No [dB] 5.77
[bits/Hz] 2.633

YET
ANOTHER
EXAMPLE
System DVB-S2 System S2 Extentions
Demodulator Hardware EL470 IP modem Demodulator Hardware MDM6000-DH02-S2Ext Demod
Transponder Multi carrier Transponder Multi carrier
Transponder spacing [MHz] 40 Transponder spacing [MHz] 40
Carrier input mode Bandwidth Carrier input mode Bandwidth
Bandwidth [MHz] 10 Bandwidth [MHz] 10
Modcod 8PSK 5/6 Modcod 16APSK-L 126/180
Roll-off factor 0.2 Roll-off factor 0.05
Frame type Normal frames Frame type Normal frames
Pilots Pilots on Pilots Pilots on
IP encapsulator XPE IP encapsulator GSE
Label No label Label No label
Traffic iMix Traffic iMix
Csat.pure.car/(No*Txp) [dB] Csat.pure.car/(No*Txp) [dB]
Es/No [dB] 9.70 Es/No [dB] 9.14
C/No [dB] 78.91 C/No [dB] 78.93
C/N [dB] C/N [dB]
Info rate [Mbps] 20.186 Info rate [Mbps] 25.735
Baudrate [Mbaud] 8.333 Baudrate [Mbaud] 9.524
Bandwidth [MHz] 10.000 Bandwidth [MHz] 10.000
Info rate [%] 27.489
Baudrate [%] 14.286
Bandwidth [%] 0.000
Gain
Input data configuration A Input data configuration B
Output data FER 1E-7 Output data FER 1E-7
Performance specific information Performance specific information
Using the same
resources, and increase of
27% is achieved

Get in touch
FOLLOW US
THANK YOU
Dave Suffys
Newtec Sales Support Manager
dsu@newtec.eu

Newtec DVB-S2 Calculator: Technical Training

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