[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov

Next Generation e-Government:
Transformation into Open Government

Oleg Petrov, Program Coordinator,
ICT @ The World Bank
E-Democracy Conference
Ohrid, Macedonia, September 26, 2011

E-Government Vision:
Leveraging ICT to Transform Service Delivery

Some good news:

India: E-services reduced bribe-payments
Bhoomi Bhoomi
AMC eSeva CARD KAVERI (m) (RTC)
0%
Reduction in bribe-taking (%)

-25%

-50%

-75%

-100%

Source: Survey of e-government projects in India, IC4D 2009

Ghana: Customs clearances went from 2 -3 weeks to 1-2 days with a 50% increase
in revenue after applying IT systems.

Korea: Investment of $80 million in e-procurement generated $2.7 billion in annual
savings
2

But: ICT investments are also risky

• Guardian headline: “£2bn cost of e-Government initiatives in
government‟s IT blunders” Developing Countries
• The Economist : “Although
hopes have been high and the Partial Failures 50%
investment has been huge, so far
the results have mostly been
disappointing…” Successes 15%
• Gartner Research :“On an
average, $8 out of every $10 Total Failures 35%
spent in IT is “dead money” – not
contributing directly to business
change and growth”. Key lesson: Smarter IT spending needed
• Risks are high, though a lot learnt Source:
since the early days Richard Heeks. 2003. “Most e-Government-for-Development Projects Fail:
How Can Risks be Reduced?”. IDPM i-Government Working Paper no. 14

Old Model: e-Government 1G
High Costs – Limited Results

E-Gov 1G = Informatization
Computerizing the “Brick and Mortar”
(industrial age) government

– Technology/supply/vendor-driven
– Ignoring or reinforcing organizational silos
– Limited back-end integration and sharing of
data, infrastructure and services
– Limited process re-engineering that does not
leverage the full power of ICT
– Limited change management
– Limited participation of the citizens and private
sector
– Government-centric

Recent Example from Africa: Silos Don‟t Work

• Project to develop Budget and Public
Expenditure Management System in a
West African country

• Funded by the World Bank, implemented
by the Government -- US$30 million

• Incorporated 32 Ministries in 10 Regions
and across 140 Districts

• However, not integrated with the rest of
the government and now being scrapped

• A new IFMIS system is now being
implemented at a cost of US$54 million.

5

Current Model:
e-Government 2G = Transformational Government

E-Gov 2G = eTransformation/Transformational Govt
second-generation model of ICT-enabled govt transformation into
citizen-centric and integrated government.

Leading Countries:
• Whole-of-government perspective: Singapore, US, UK, Australia, Canada
• Sharing infrastructure and services: UK, US, Singapore, Australia,
Canada, Korea, Japan, Denmark, New Zealand
• e-Inclusion-for-all & Multi-channel delivery of services, especially via
mobile phones: Canada, Brazil, Australia, Korea, UK, Singapore, India
• Change management and e-leadership: US, UK, Singapore, Canada,
Estonia, Moldova, Sri Lanka, Rwanda, Korea et al
• Process re-engineering/admin reform :UK, USA, Canada, Singapore et al
• Secure identification: Belgium, Portugal, Estonia, Malaysia, Pakistan et al

Emerging Model:
e-Government 3G = Open Government
E-Gov 3G = Open Government: third generation model of ICT-enabled
govt transformation into open, participatory, accountable and citizen-
driven government:

• Government letting go and empowering innovation via Open Data and public-
private partnerships (PPPs)
• Active citizen participation (and co-creation) in policy and decision-making
and service design and delivery
• Service-oriented, Modern, Accountable, Responsive and Transparent
(SMART) Government
Leading Countries:
• Openness, transparency, and accountability (Open Government , Open
Data, Social Media policies): US, UK, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil,
Chile, Mexico, India
• Public-private partnerships to deliver services and infrastructure: US, India,
Ghana, Czech Republic, Estonia
• Cloud Computing-based sharing of infrastructure and services via: UK, US,
Singapore, Korea, Japan

Open Transformation Framework:
Open Government - Open Economy - Open Innovation

Open Open
Government Economy

Cloud/
Infra

Open
Innovation

Open Transformation Components

Leadership

Technology/
Infrastructure Policy/Legal Framework

Innovation
Financing Open
Transformation Institutions

Applications &
Citizen Engagement Co-Creation

Capacity Building

Opportunities for Collaboration on Open Gov

South-South Exchange Grants
+
PPIAF Grants (e.g for PPP feasibility)
+
Innovation Grants Major Open
Preparatory
+ Government
activities
TechCamp/Hackathon event(s) program
+

High-Level Workshop/s

+
Global knowledge sharing platforms
(Leaders for Transformation Network; HELP)

Possible Open Government Components

Open Data & Apps Program: including launch of portal, apps
store, APIs, contests and co-creation activities
Data.gov.mk

Citizen engagement platform: enabling public feedback and
Citizens.mk rating of services across entire gov; linked to Open311 app

Innovation funding: flexible financing vehicle for investment in
Innovation Fund
development of apps, e-services, mobile & gov social media

Freedom of Information Platform: enabling full transparency (and
FOI.mk searchability) of FOI request/reply/release lifecycle

PPP Program: including policy/legal framework, manual, training,
PPPs M&E framework, procurement tools

IT Infrastructure: including standards, cloud computing
infrastructure, policy/legal framework, change management, SOA &
Infrastructure
security

Examples of World Bank’s eGov Projects

1. Kenya. US$157 million for pro-competitive regional communications
infrastructure, regional policy harmonization, enabling environment,
e-Government applications. Several phases, from 3 – 25 countries.
2. Vietnam. US$96 million for implementation of the National ICT
Strategy, enterprise architecture, e-applications, capacity building.
3. Romania. US$60 million for developing e-Government, Broadband
and Knowledge Economy.
4. Ghana. US$57M for e-Government and IT-enabled Service Industry.
5. Sri Lanka. US$53M for developing e-Government, Broadband, IT
industry and e-society.
6. Organization of Eastern Caribbean States. US$7 million for regional
e-Government applications that use economies of scale.
7. Rwanda. US$10 million for Government reengineering, e-
Government applications, and rural access.
8. Moldova. US$23 million for e-Transformation program (M-Cloud,
e-Services, e-Leadership, PPPs and Open Data), June 2011

Moldova Governance e-Transformation Project
featuring elements of Open Government Framework

• Approved in June 2011($20
million credit + Gov co-financing
+ grants)
• Open Data initiative
• Cloud-based shared e-Gov
infrastructure (M-Cloud)
• Open Government action plan
under preparation
• Exploring PPPs
•Apps competitions, TechCamps

Open Development Technology Alliance
a new platform for sharing global knowledge on ICT

ODTA: HELPing Access Best eGov Expertise

The High-level Experts for Leaders and
Practitioners (HELP) group provides senior leaders
with insightful advice and knowledge to help
implement new groundbreaking initiatives in
government transformation

• Corinne Charette (CIO Canada)
• Stephen Fletcher (President NASCIO, USA)
• Arvo Ott (Director, eGovernance Academy, Estonia)
HELP • James Kang (Government CIO, IDA Singapore)
Members:
• Francisco Garcia Moran (Director General, European
Commission)
• R.Chandrasekhar (Secretary Department of IT, India)
• Andrea Di Maio (VP Research Gartner) and others

John Suffolk,
Francisco Garcia-
CIO, UK
Moran, EU

High Level Expert Group

Jane Treadwell
World Bank

HELP in Moldova

4 consultations with HELP experts on Open
Data, Cloud Computing, CIO role, e-Gov
Strategy, culminating in the Aug 12, 2010
eTransformation Leadership
Roundtable in Chisinau, Moldova

With participation of Robert Zoellick, the
President of the World Bank Group, Prime
Minister Vlad Filat, most Cabinet Ministers and
Deputy Ministers

H.E. Mart Laar, Former Prime Minister of Estonia,
Member of the Estonian Parliament
Mr. John Suffolk, Former Government CIO, Cabinet Office,
UK
Mr. Andrea Di Maio, Vice President and distinguished
analyst, Gartner Research
 Mr. Chin Siong Seah, CEO, IDA International, Singapore
Mr. Anthony Townsend, Director of Technology
Development, Institute for the Future, USA

[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov

Main Trends Shaping eGov Today

1. Mobile delivery
2. Cloud computing
3. Open Data Initiatives

Future is Mobile

• 5 billion mobile subscriptions

• Nearly 60 million mobile subscriptions being added
a month

• 2.4 times faster growth in mobile broadband than
fixed broadband data traffic

• By 2014, more than 400 million of the world's
Internet users could access the network solely
through a mobile connection

Source: Wireless Intelligence, Q1 Quarterly World Review and ITU, Measuring the Information
Society, 2010; Cisco Visual Networking Index Forecast, 2010.

Country Examples: USA

• In September 2009, the Federal Government‟s Cloud Computing
Initiative was announced, GSA serving as a provisioning hub for
Government Cloud
• Apps.gov was established as a “cloud computing storefront”
• By 2014, over $1 billion of the federal IT budget would be devoted to
cloud computing
• By moving to a cloud service, GSA now pays an annual total of
$650,000 for USA.gov and all associated costs, a costs savings of
$1.7 million, or 72 percent
• Defense Information System Agency estimates about $15 million in
cost savings
• The migration to the Cloud could save Washington D.C. City
Government 48% on e-mail expenditures and the City of Los
Angeles 23.6 %

Country Examples: UK’s G-Cloud

- The G-Cloud program is a key part of the new Public Sector ICT
Strategy
- All G-Cloud services will be delivered to the future „Common
Desktop‟ which will include both desk based and mobile devices
- The G-Cloud will be a combination of the private cloud and trusted
elements of public clouds
- The G-Cloud Program is expected to deliver the following savings:
– £300 million per annum (by 2015) by consolidating data centres
in use across the Public Sector against estimated current spend
in the order of £5bn; and
– £500 million per annum (by 2020) against an estimated current
spend in the order of £5bn, through faster and more effective
procurement of infrastructure and services through the
Applications Store for Government (ASG).

Country Examples: South Korea

- Korea‟s Communications Commission has announced
commitment of over $500 million to the development of
Korean cloud computing facilities
- In June 2010, the Ministry of Knowledge Economy
announced plans to develop technology linking mobile
and cloud computing, at a cost of 274.5 billion Won
($230.7 million)
- South Korea is moving 17 critical applications to the
Government Cloud
- The goal is reportedly to capture 10 per cent of the
global cloud services market by 2014 and to halve the
cost of operating the public sector‟s ICT infrastructure

Moldova Cloud: First World Bank G-Cloud Project

- Moldova Cloud: first WB-supported Cloud Computing project,
tender for M-Cloud Phase 1 launched in Sept 2011
- M-Cloud Phase 2 is expected to be delivered as PPP
- Internal (private/community) government cloud, defined as a
multitenant, dynamically provisioned and optimized
infrastructure, with some public cloud elements
- Will initially be a Mini-cloud, and will incorporate a Mobile
applications platform
- Will target three categories
i) government ministries, SOEs, departments and
agencies
(ii) SME engaged in the development and delivery of IT
services
(iii) universities for research and development

[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov

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[2011] Next Generation e-Government: Transformation into Open Government - Oleg Petrov