ONLINE ASSIGNMENT
- 1. ONLINE ASSIGNMENT Submitted to Submitted by Miss. Sally Paul Nithyaraj.N Social Science Teacher Social Science optional
- 2. E-CONTENT DEVELOPMENT IN SOCIAL SCIENCE
- 3. INDEX Sl. No Content Page Number 1. INTRODUCTION 01 2. E-CONETENT 01 3. NATURE OF E-CONTENT 02 4. DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF E-CONTENT 02 - 03 5. SOCIAL SCIENCE IN E-CONTENT 03 - 04 6. E-LEARNING THROUGH E-CONTENT 04 7. CONCLUSION 05 8. REFERENCES 05
- 4. INTRODUCTION Educational systems around the world are under increasing pressure to use the new information and communication technologies to teach students the knowledge and skills. Even today one of the greatest challenges of integrating ICT in education is lack of quality C-content. In the process of e-learning, structured and validated e-content can serve as an effective virtual teacher. For the upcoming generation we need to create a digital learning culture and environment. Mastering ICT skills and utilizing ICT towards creating an improved teaching and learning environment is of at most importance to teachers in creating new learning culture. E-CONTENT Normally in the growth of technology applications in education, we are moving towards a virtual reality where the distance between the teacher and the taught is nil. The possibility of such virtual reality can be made by generating good e-contents and accessible by all. E-content are basically a package that satisfies the conditions like. that is minimization of the distance, cost effectiveness, user-friendliness and adaptability to local conditions. E-content is digital information delivered over network-based electronic devices, that is symbols that can be utilized and interpreted by human actors during communication process, which allow them to share vision and influence each others knowledge, attitudes or behaviour. It may also be defined as “digital text and images designed for display on web pages”. E-content means content in the electronic form. It is a combination of text, audio, video, images, animation with visual effects. Any digitized content that can facilitate the learning process and learning outcome can be termed as e-content. E- content the acquisition of these contents takes place via four different channels. Purchase of materials, use of freely available content on the internet, self production of
- 5. material, exchange of existing material in a network with other institutions of higher education. NATURE OF E-CONTENT E-contents should essentially be didactic in nature. The term “didactic” refers to contents such as self-instructional material, audio and video that convey some moral fact or learning. In virtual education, the self instructional materials are essentially didactic in nature. The philosophy behind this is that self-instructional materials try to bridge the gap between the teacher and the taught. The philosophy stands good for the e-content generation too. According to selinger (2004) “e-content should be seen as a tool to improve the understanding, engagement and motivation of learners, to provide a safe environment for them to experiment and explore their conjectures; and to test their understanding using novel assessment methodologies based on trial and improvement; simulations and manipulation of models”. The didactic nature of e-contents seems to fulfill this condition as the learner while reading the didactic nature of e-contents seems to fulfill this condition as the leaner while reading the didactic content builds an understanding and then assess the understanding using buzzles. E-content can also be utilized as reusable learning objects viley gave a working definition of learning object as “any digital resources that can be reused to support learning” DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF E-CONTENT Unfortunately, existing materials and documents cannot be automatically transformed into e-content materials by just making them available from a website. A systematic and scientific approach is needed to develop quality content. Instructional Design is the teaching device that makes instruction as well as instructional material more engaging, effective and efficient. It is the branch of knowledge concerned with research and theory about instructional strategies and the process for developing and implementing those strategies. Instructional Design is the process of systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional specification theories support the instructional design as backbone. Cognitism envisages the organization of the content, storing and retrieving of the content constructivism supports
- 6. the learner centered holistic approach in e-learning Behaviorism stresses the reinforcement, retention and transfer of knowledge in the e-content development. There are several approaches to explain the design and development processes of content development Association for Educational and communication Technology (AECT) which is a professional organization in the educational technology field in the United States has proclaimed the five stages of instructional design that can be used to develop any learning situations and learning content, that is the ADDIE model to include Analysis. Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. The ADDIE Model is a basic model for designing and developing learning courses as well as educational content. Figure 1 shows the interactive relationships among the stages Dick, Carey and Carey (2005) also suggest a systematic model for designing instruction and learning content, the so-called Dick and Cavey systems approach model for designing instruction. SOCIAL SCIENCE IN E-CONTENT The use of case studies to build and test theories in political science and the other social sciences has increased in recent years. Many scholars have argued that the social sciences rely too heavily on quantitative research and formal models and have attempted to develop and refine rigorous methods for using case studies. This text presents a comprehensive analysis of research methods using case studies and examines the place of case studies in social science methodology. It argues that case Analysis Development implementation Evaluation Design
- 7. studies, statistical methods, and formal models are complementary rather than competitive. The book explains how to design case study research that will produce results useful to policymakers and emphasizes the importance of developing policy- relevant theories. It offers three major contributions to case study methodology: an emphasis on the importance of within-case analysis, a detailed discussion of process tracing, and development of the concept of typological theories. Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences will be particularly useful to graduate students and scholars in social science methodology and the philosophy of science, as well as to those designing new research projects, and will contribute greatly to the broader debate about scientific methods. E-LEARNING THROUGH E-CONTENT One of the most innovative and promising outcomes of distance learning and telecommunication relationship is e-learning. It is a process where by teachers and students are linked up in an electronic media Computer network. E-learning facilities the learner in terms of any time learning, anywhere learning, asynchronous interaction and group collaboration. E-learning provides the possibility of teaching based on learning objects. Learning objects are the smallest independent education components which can be reused in e-content of different subjects and authors, thus it is more economical and time-saving in e-content development. The teaching method in e-learning has changed from being teacher based to being student based. Virtual environment can create pervasive and dynamic interaction through virtual simulation which will upgrade learning accompanied by hearing and seeing to practical learning and experiencing.
- 8. CONCLUSION The ultimate aim of e-content development is to create an information rich society where everyone, irrespective of caste, religion, race, region, gender etc are empowered to create, receive, share and utilize information and knowledge for their economic, social, cultural and political upliftment and development. In this knowledge explosion trend, production of creative contents and incorporating innovative information and Communication Technology for effective dissemination of such contents play a vital role. This great transformation posses challenges to educators regarding their basic tenets, to deploy the media in creative and productive, ways as “teachers are the central forces in tapping the learning opportunities created by ICT. REFERENCES 1. www.bettshow.com/exhibitorlibrary/278/acleconent2.pdf 2. www.siveco.ro 3. wikipedia