Open access full (april 2013) web 2
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The document discusses the importance of open access to research, highlighting public funding, ethical considerations, and financial arguments against traditional publishing models. It points out the significant profits of publishers like Elsevier and argues for a rethink of funding models for scholarly societies. Additionally, it emphasizes that many funding bodies now require open access as a condition for research support.
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[4] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by WhatDaveSees: Original
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[3] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by Carol VanHook: Original
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[5] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by Richard Cocks: Original
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[11] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by Photo Extremist: Original
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[16] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by Creative Tools: Original
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Open access full (april 2013) web 2
- 1. Why is Open Access important? Part 2 of “Open Access: What, why, how and recent developments” james.bisset@durham.ac.uk
- 2. why?
- 4. Ethical argument for OA“the results of research that has been publicly funded should be freely accessible in the public domain.”
- 6. ... in many cases... • a researcher does the research • a researcher writes the output • a researcher offers their services for peer review…. for free
- 7. ... in many cases... • a researcher does the research • a researcher writes the output • a researcher offers their services for peer review…. for free • the publisher offers some proofing and formatting and then puts it on the web.
- 8. ... in many cases... • the publisher then charges the researchers* to access the research they have conducted, written and peer- reviewed. * (through library budgets or pay-to-view charges)
- 9. “journal prices have risen four times faster than inflation since the mid-1980's” Peter Suber, Research Professor of Philosophy at Earlham College and Director of the Harvard Open Access Project, quoting research conducted from ARL Statistics 2005- 06, Association of Research Libraries, Washington, D.C.
- 10. According to The Economist, Elsevier made $1.1 billion in profit in 2010 for a profit margin of 36%. Taylor & Francis’s reported their own profit margin of 25% in their 2010 Annual report “The Price of information” Economist Feb. 4th 2012 . http://www.economist.com/node/21545974 p19 of Taylor and Francis’s annual report and financial statement 2010, http://www.informa.com/documents/INF2570%20AR10%20cover%20AW05.pdf
- 11. 2010 Operating Profit Margins “Why have so many academics decided to boycott Elsevier” http://www.slideshare.net/scottsne/ecvp2012symposiumslideshare Tesco 5% News Corp 7% BMW 12% Coca Cola 22% Apple 35% Elsevier 36%
- 13. What about scholarly societies? • Many scholarly societies rely on a significant proportion of their income from their journal subscriptions. • This money is then used to support initiatives such as postdoctoral fellowships. • These are good causes – but not publishing costs. • In effect, these causes are subsidised through student fees and research funding via library budgets. • This is a question of rethinking the business model of how scholarly societies are funded, and should not be about restricting access to research. http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2013/03/12/making-open-access-and-the-uks- scholarly-society-work/
- 15. technology enables... ...unrestricted online dissemination... ... opens up potential of access and re-use...
- 16. ... increasing visibility, reducing barriers to usage...
- 17. ... increasing visibility, reducing barriers to usage... ... maximising potential impact.
- 18. “Open Access enlarges your audience and citation impact… Studies in many fields show a correlation between OA and citation-count increases.” Peter Suber, Research Professor of Philosophy at Earlham College and Director of the Harvard Open Access Project
- 19. the stick
- 20. Many funders, including the UK Research Councils, the Wellcome Trust and the European Commission require research outputs are made open access as a condition of funding.
- 21. HEFCE are consulting with the academic and publishing communities on requiring outputs submitted to the REF post-2014 to be Open Access.
- 22. Image Credits [4] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by WhatDaveSees: Original available here [3] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by Carol VanHook: Original available here [5] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by Richard Cocks: Original available here [11] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by Photo Extremist: Original available here [10] Created using http://photofunia.com/ [16] Via Flickr Creative Commons, and by Creative Tools: Original available here
Editor's Notes
- #5: Also...Knowledge as a public good, restricted in private hands...... an ineffective and out-dated publishing system penalises the less wealthy
- #6: ... Also the ‘self-interest’ argument for researchers. If their institutions can’t afford the resources, they won’t have access. Or they could provide access, but cut financial resources for researchers elsewhere.
- #11: http://www.economist.com/node/21545974http://www.informa.com/documents/INF2570%20AR10%20cover%20AW05.pdf (p19 of annual report and financial statement 2010)
- #12: http://www.economist.com/node/21545974http://www.informa.com/documents/INF2570%20AR10%20cover%20AW05.pdf (p19 of annual report and financial statement 2010)
- #13: The situation is even worse in the developing world, where journal subscription prices mean that many institutions simply cannot afford access to up-to-date research.
- #18: This is the main issue for me when I come to discuss with academics.Financial and library subscriptions – they understand, but it just doesn’t seem to have the big catch.The ethical argument most understand, but I’ve found leads to further side-tracking discussions… and I did chicken out of raising this in my discussion with our philosophers who were already in a spikey mood.
- #20: ... Also the ‘self-interest’ argument for researchers. If their institutions can’t afford the resources, they won’t have access. Or they could provide access, but cut financial resources for researchers elsewhere.