Open access policy workshop
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The document discusses the importance and benefits of Open Access (OA) policies in Africa, highlighting specific case studies and statistics from institutions like the National Research Foundation in South Africa. It emphasizes how OA enhances visibility, usage, and impact of research, supports institutional planning, and fosters international collaboration. Various successful OA policies and their effectiveness are noted, along with recommendations for mandatory deposit practices to improve research assessments and funding opportunities.
Open access policy workshop
- 1. Open access policy workshop Iryna Kuchma, Open Access Programme Manager FOURTH CODESRIA CONFERENCE ON ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING AND DISSEMINATION: The Open Access Movement and the Future of Africa’s Knowledge Economy, March 31, 2016, Dakar, Senegal Attribution 4.0 International
- 2. Overview Introductions, your questions/issues Open Access (OA) policy development in Africa: How to Case study: the National Research Foundation (South Africa)
- 3. Open access (OA) is free, online access to the results of coupled with the right to use results in new and innovative
- 4. Benefits of an OA policy: institutions Collects and preserves the institution’s scientific output and disseminates it through the repository Provides the possibility of indexing and tracking the scientific output of the institution through Web search engines Monitors the number of visits and use and collects data and indicators that can be used in institutional planning, and the search for sources of funding etc.
- 5. Benefits of an OA policy: institutions (2) Provides opportunities for the use and re-use of the institution’s output for scientific purposes (CVs, publications, excellence reports, indicators, institutional websites, personal websites etc.) Strengthens international communication and collaboration channels and the institution’s international profile
- 6. Benefits of an OA policy: researchers Increases the visibility of, and showcases their research Increases the usage of their research Increases the impact of their research (citations)
- 7. Benefits of an OA policy: researchers (2) Repository enables them to collect all their outputs in a safe, permanent location Repository provides information on usage and impact Repository provides personalised publication lists to be used in grant applications, CVs and when writing articles
- 10. University that doesn't know what papers its faculty publishes is like a factory that doesn't know what it produces Bernard Rentier
- 11. An empty repository is useless; a partly filled repository is partly useless; there is a need for an institutional open access policy Bernard Rentier
- 12. Don't impose, just inform researchers that only publications in the repository will be considered for evaluation Bernard Rentier
- 13. Mandate, keep authors at the core, communicate permanently, be coherent, reduce constraints Bernard Rentier
- 14. @ORBi_ULg – a personal workspace, provides statistics and has a widget to generate publications lists – content in personal/faculties webpages Bernard Rentier
- 15. The policy came into effect in November 2008 and has become the most effective OA policy in the world at present, with 87% of the University’s research articles currently being deposited in the repository. Bernard Rentier
- 16. 34% of researchers are very satisfied and 57% are satisfied with their OA repository. Bernard Rentier
- 22. “Putting research results in the public sphere makes science better & strengthens our knowledge-based knowledge-based economy. The European taxpayer Máire Geoghegan-Quinn, European Commissioner for Research, Innovation & Science (2010-2014)
- 27. OA is required by law in Argentina
- 28. in Mexico
- 29. and in Peru
- 37. Open Access policies: policy effectiveness Alma Swan
- 39. OA policies worldwide Europe (389) North America (145) Central & South America (34) Africa (16) Asia (40) Oceania (39)
- 40. OA policymakers worldwide Research funders (72) Research institutions (461) Research funder and institutions (53) Multiple research organisations (8) Sub-units of institutions (69)
- 41. OA policy effectiveness ROARMAP rebuild 122 mandatory policies (institutions) Repository content measured Regression analysis carried out using policy criteria
- 42. OA policy conditions recorded in ROARMAP: original set of 13 Condition Must deposit Cannot waive deposit Deposit immediately Must make item OA Cannot waive making item OA Link deposit with research assessment / evaluation Must make item OA immediately Permitted embargo period specified (STEM) Permitted embargo period specified (HaSS) Must retain rights to make item OA Cannot waive retention of rights Age of mandatory policy Requirement for open licensing
- 43. OA policy conditions: eliminated those with small numbers Condition Must deposit Cannot waive deposit Deposit immediately Must make item OA Cannot waive making item OA Link deposit with research assessment / evaluation Must make item OA immediately Permitted embargo period specified (STEM) Permitted embargo period specified (HaSS) Must retain rights to make item OA Cannot waive retention of rights Age of mandatory policy Requirement for open licensing
- 44. OA policy conditions: working set of 6 policy conditions Condition Must deposit Cannot waive deposit Must make item OA Cannot waive making item OA Link deposit with research assessment / evaluation Cannot waive retention of rights
- 45. Regression analysis Statistical tool Looks at the relationships between variables in an experiment Can measure effect of more than one variable at a time Can infer causal relationship (though care needed!) Correlation versus significance In this study we were looking for both
- 46. OA policy conditions: regression analysis Condition Correlation with deposit rate Must deposit ✔ Cannot waive deposit ✔ Must make item OA ✔ Cannot waive making item OA ✔ Link deposit with research assessment / evaluation ✔ Cannot waive retention of rights ✔
- 47. Correlation with deposit action Policy criterion Positive correlation Significant correlation Must deposit ✔ ✔ Cannot waive deposit ✔ ✔ Link deposit to research evaluation ✔ ✔ Must make deposit Open Access ✔ Cannot waive making item Open Access ✔ Where policy stipulates authors should retain relevant rights, this cannot be waived ✔
- 48. Significant correlations with deposit rate Must deposit Cannot waive deposit Research evaluation Must make deposit Open Access Cannot waive making item Open Access Where rights are retained, this cannot be waived
- 50. Research evaluation Universities with institutional repositories should require deposit in the repository for all research articles to be considered for promotion, tenure, or other forms of internal assessment and review.
- 51. Research evaluation (2) Similarly, governments performing research assessment should require deposit in OA repositories for all research articles to be reviewed for national assessment purposes. Neither policy should be construed to limit the review of other sorts of evidence, or to alter the standards of review.
- 52. OA mandates worldwide Europe (237; 62%) North America (75; 19%) Central & South America (18; 5%) Africa (10; 3%) Asia (24; 6%) Oceania (20; 5%)
- 53. OA policies with the significant criteria 18 policies 5 funders 13 institutions
- 54. Funders South Africa: National Research Foundation of South Africa European Commission: Horizon 2020 policy Austria: FWF (Fonds zur Foederung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung) UK: HEFCE (Higher Education Funding Councils) US: NIH (National Institutes of Health)
- 55. Research institutions Ghent University (Belgium) INRIA (France) Ifremer (France) Laboratoire de psychologie et neurosciences cognitives (France) Pwani University (Kenya) Saint-Loius University Brussels (Belgium) Universidade do Minho (Portugal) Universita degli studi di Trieste (Italy) University of Liege (Belgium) University of Luxembourg (Luxembourg) University of Mons (Belgium) University of Reading (UK) University of Strathclyde (UK)
- 56. Highest deposit rates (research-intensive institutions*) Institution Number of articles published 2011-2013 % articles deposited in the repository University of Liege (Belgium) 4240 87 % Universidade do Minho (Portugal) 3021 62 % University of Pretoria (South Africa) 3335 60 % Queensland University of Technology (Australia) 3558 49 % * Published more than 3000 articles in the 3-year test period
- 57. Other things that help policy success Policy champion Library/Research Office activism in support of the policy Department/faculty strategy Training programme Promotional events (e.g. Open Access Week) Promotional materials Technical tools (e.g. impact tools, etc)
- 68. References ROARmap: http://roarmap.eprints.org/ PASTEUR4OA/Advocacy Resources http://www.pasteur4oa.eu/resources PASTEUR4OA Data Visualisations http://pasteur4oa- dataviz.okfn.org/ Ten years on from the Budapest OA Initiative: setting the default to open: http://bit.ly/Q2ucDE
- 69. References (2) Policy Guidelines for the Development and Promotion of OA by Alma Swan commissioned by UNESCO: http://bit.ly/HnibYc Good practices for university OA policies by Stuart Shieber & Peter Suber: http://bit.ly/1l9VDdW