Presentation & Communication Skills
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The document outlines tips for improving presentation and communication skills. It discusses various aspects of verbal and non-verbal communication including listening skills, using visual aids, dealing with stage fright and nerves, and giving effective presentations and interviews. The session is delivered by speaker Razia Pukhraj and covers communication models, the importance of voice, body language, and questions.
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Presentation & Communication Skills
- 1. PRESENTATION & COMMUNICATION SKILLS How to Speak to Anyone, Anytime, Anywhere!!! Session Speaker: Razia Pukhraj
- 2. AGENDA Communication Skills Presentation Skills Voice Listening Visual Aids Feedback Stage Fright & Nervousness Interviews Commandments www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 4. Communication The exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, signals, writing, or behavior. The art and technique of using words effectively to impart information or ideas. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 5. Communication In simple terms, communication can be defined as actions whereby 'actors' impart information to one another. Communication does not have to involve language and does not have to be vocalized. Deaf people often communicate through gestures. Babies communicate basic wants through crying. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 9. Verbal & Non-Verbal Communication SIMILARITIES: Both are rule guided. Both can be intentional or unintentional. Both are culture-bound. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 10. Verbal & Non-Verbal Communication DIFFERENCES: Nonverbal communication is usually perceived as more believable. Nonverbal can be multi-channeled. Nonverbal is continuous. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 11. Non-Verbal Communication Accounts for 65% - 93% of the total meaning of communication www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 12. Non-Verbal Communication Kinesics Physical appearance Paralanguage Silence Proxemics and personal space Chronemics (time) Everything except the words! www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 13. Kinesics Body position and motion including those of the face Posture can signal self-assurance. Posture can tell others if you are open to interaction. Nonverbal behaviors such as positioning, smiling, close seating and gazes signal how we feel about others. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 14. Eyes “ The mirrors of the soul” We tend to look at eyes to judge Emotions Honesty Interest Self-confidence www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 15. Physical Appearance What message do you wish to send with your choice of clothing and personal grooming? www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 16. Color Influences Communication Yellow cheers and elevates moods. Red excites and stimulates. Blue comforts and soothes. In some cultures black suggests mourning. In some cultures white suggests purity. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 17. Proxemics and Personal Space Every culture has norms for using space. In Pakistan we interact with acquaintances from 4’ to 12’ and within 18” or less for close friends or intimates. People who want to even out power seek out neutral territory. Greater space may be assumed by those with higher status. Those with greater power often invade others’ territory. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 18. Chronemics (time) How do we manage and react to others’ management of time Duration Activity Punctuality www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 19. Paralanguage Communication that is vocal but that does not use words themselves Sounds (gasps and murmurs) Vocal qualities How we pronounce words The accents we use Complexity of our sentences www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 20. Silence Silence can be comforting When partners are so close they do not need to talk When there is an absence of disturbing noise Silence can be discomforting When you talk to someone and they do not reply When children are disciplined by being ignored www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 21. Non-Verbal Signals Vary from culture to culture www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 22. What does this symbol mean to you? In the United States it is a symbol for good job In Germany the number one In Japan the number five In Ghana an insult In Malaysia the thumb is used to point rather than a finger www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 24. How to Ace your Presentation? Give them what they want. Map out your presentation. Be Prepared Look and sound sharp. Platform presence. Don’t be nervous. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 25. 1. Give them what they want. Know you audience’s needs and concerns. Find out what motivates them. State your idea(s) and support them www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 26. 2. Map out your presentation. Divide your presentation in 3 Blocks. 20% - Lively Introduction. 70% - Body of Presentation. 10% - Conclusion. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 27. 3. Be prepared. Prepare before you present. Keep visual aids simple. Make sure you know how to operate the equipment Make sure the equipment works. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 28. 4. Look and sound sharp. Appearance is extremely important. Use familiar words and phrases. Avoid saying err, umm, eh, you know, like etc. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 29. 5. Platform presence. Take control of the settings. Dress so you stand out. Make your voice an asset. Rehearse in front of a friend or colleague. Engage your audience. Always make eye contact. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 30. 6. Don’t be nervous You are not facing an opponent. Your audience wants you to succeed not faint. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 31. Do’s of Presentation Analyze the audience. Always begin with attention getter. Body language. Establish eye contact. Use large readables readables Use gestures. Encourage questions. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 32. Do’s of Presentation Respond to questions Control of feelings. Vary your pitch. Appreciate your audience. Don’t go too fast. Limit the discussion. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 33. Introductions Identification with Audience Reference to Situation Statement of Purpose Statement of Importance of Topic Surprise Audience with Claim or Statistic Quotation Humor www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 34. Conclusions Summary Quotation Personal Reference Challenge to Audience Offer Vision of the Future Quotation Humor www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 35. VOICE
- 36. The Voice in Delivery Volume Pitch Rate Pauses Vocal Variety Pronunciation and Articulation www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 37. Volume The relative loudness of a speaker’s voice while giving a speech. Loudness depends on: size of room/number of persons availability of a microphone background noise www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 38. Pitch The range of sounds from high to low. It powerfully affects the meaning associated with spoken words. conveys mood reveals level of enthusiasm expresses concern for the audience signals your overall commitment to the occasion www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 39. Rate The most effective way to hold an audience’s attention and convey the meaning of your speech. Speaking rate - the speed with which a speaker talks www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 40. Pauses Pauses are important strategic elements of a speech that enhance meaning by providing: a type of punctuation emphasis of a point attention to a key point a moment for listeners to contemplate what is being said Avoid vocalized pauses (“uh”, “er”, “um”...) www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 41. Vocal Variety The varied use of multiple vocal cues to achieve effective delivery. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 42. Pronunciation & Articulation Pronunciation - the correct formation of word sounds. Articulation - saying words with clarity and forcefulness so they are individually audible. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 43. LISTENING
- 44. Listening The process of receiving, constructing meaning from, and responding to spoken and / or nonverbal messages To hear something with thoughtful attention. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 45. Listening There are four types of listening: Appreciative Listening for pleasure or enjoyment Music, movies, comedy, plays… Empathetic Listening to provide emotional support for speaker A shrink listens to a patient; you listen to a friend’s rant Comprehensive Listening to understand the speakers message Direction to a friend’s house; in a class or seminar Critical Listening to evaluate a message A campaign speech; a peer’s research paper www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 46. Causes of Poor Listening Not Concentrating Daydreaming, mind wandering, dozing Listening too Hard Trying to remember every fact, no matter how minute Jumping to Conclusions Putting words into the speakers mouth; interrupting speaker, anticipating what speaker will say/do next Focusing on Delivery Instead of Message Speaker’s accent, clothes, stuttering, presentation tools www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 47. Better Listening Take Listening Seriously Like any skill it takes practice and self-discipline Resist Distractions When you catch your mind wandering make a conscious effort to pull it back on track; try to anticipate what the speaker will say/do next Don’t be Diverted by Appearance or Delivery Lincoln and Gandhi were strange in appearance but were excellent speakers www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 48. Better Listening Suspend Judgment “ a closed mind is an empty mind” Focus Your Listening Listen for main points Listen for evidence Listen for technique www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 49. VISUAL AIDS
- 50. Memory & Visual Aids www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 51. Types of Visual Aids Blackboard / Whiteboard Flip charts Overhead projectors Slides Film and Video Handouts Physical objects PowerPoint www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 52. Methods of Delivery Manuscript Reading Memorized Impromptu Extemporaneous www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 53. Using Visual Aids During the Speech Reveal Only When Needed Talk to Audience - Not Visual Aid Refer to Visual Aid Keep Visual Aid Visible as Needed Use Handouts with Caution www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 54. Size Matters This is a 20 point font This is a 32 point font This is a 44 point font This is a 54 point font This is a 66 point f www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 55. Color can distinguish a presentation www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 56. Color affects how fast the audience can read What is important is that the combination has contrast—the one on this slide does not. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 57. Color affects how fast the audience can read Combinations of red, green, and brown are difficult for many people to read www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 58. Color affects how fast the audience can read The color combination that is read most quickly is black on yellow. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 59. Color affects the emotions of the audience Avoid having a hot color such as red or orange as your background color. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 60. What not to do No bright text on bright background No lot of pictures on one page No animations unless it is relevant No too much information on one page No CAPITAL letters www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 61. FEEDBACK
- 62. Positive Non-Verbal Feedback Smiling Nodding Eye contact Relaxed posture Unbuttoned jackets Leaning forward Sitting on edge of chair Hands in open position Legs and arms uncrossed www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 63. Negative Non-Verbal Feedback Dead expression Tight lips Frowning Avoiding eye contact Hands clenched or wringing Turning away Stiff or slumping posture Sitting or leaning back Crossed legs or arms www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 64. STAGE FRIGHT & NERVOUSNESS
- 65. Stage Fright Anxiety over the prospect of giving a speech in front of an audience. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 66. What causes stage fright? Inadequate preparation. Fear of being judged. Unfamiliarity with the audience or the environment Lack of knowledge about public speaking Negative past experiences www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 67. Important understanding about stage fright. It is normal. Almost everyone experiences some nervousness about speaking in some situations. It is mostly internal. You will usually feel more nervous than you look. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 68. Important understanding about stage fright. Anxiety can be useful. Your nervousness can create a heightened state of readiness, allowing you to perform better than you might otherwise. It can be managed. While you may never eliminate the nervousness you feel, you can deal with it and deliver a successful speech in spite of it. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 69. Reducing Speech Anxiety Know your audience Select an appropriate topic Re-create the speech environment when you rehearse Know your introduction and conclusion Be organized Use visual aids www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 70. Reducing Speech Anxiety Think positively Use the power of visualization Know that most nervousness is not visible Don ’ t expect perfection Prepare, prepare, prepare … www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 71. Dealing with Nervousness Speechmaking is a common “greatest fear” Preparation and rehearsal reduce fear by 75% Proper breathing reduces fear by 15% www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 72. INTERVIEWS
- 73. Interviews Interview is a conversation with a purpose . Interviewing uses all the forms of communication: Speaking Listening Writing www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 74. Interviewers look for? Intelligence & analytical ability Creative & flexibility Communication skills Work experience & required technical skills Leadership qualities / team playing ability Initiative & entrepreneurship Energy & stamina Maturity Interest in the position Personal qualities & personality www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 75. Types of Interviews SCREENING INTERVIEW IN-DEPTH INTERVIEW MULTIPLE INTERVIEWS STRESS INTERVIEW Largest number of candidates Smallest number of candidates www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 76. The Ten Commandments Stop Talking. Put The Talker At Ease. Show Him That You Want To Listen. Remove Distractions. Empathize With Him. Be Patient. Hold Your Temper. Go Easy On Arguments And Criticism. Ask Questions. Stop Talking! www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 77. PLAN, PREPARE, POLISH, PRACTICE, PRESENT The better you know your material the less anxious you’ll be about presenting it. Smile and act natural. Don’t apologize for being nervous. No one will know you’re nervous unless you call attention to it. www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09
- 78. Thank You Kindly send your feedback to: [email_address] www.health-nurses-doctors.blogspot.com 08/06/09