Process of Making Multimedia.ppt

Process of Making
Multimedia
Unit 5 : Chapter 2

Objectives
 Determine the scope, elements, cost, timeline
and tasks required to complete a project.
 Identify tools and techniques to overcome
project management problems.
 Identify principles and various strategies for
creating interactive multimedia.
 Understand the benefits and drawbacks of
various options for packaging and delivering
multimedia project.

Multimedia Production Phases
 The production of interactive multimedia applications is
a complex one, involving multiple steps.
 This process can be divided into the following phases:
1. Conceptualization
2. Development plan
3. Preproduction
4. Production
5. Postproduction
6. Documentation
7. packaging
8. Delivery

1.Conceptualization
 The process of making multimedia starts with an "idea" or better
described as "the vision" - which is the conceptual starting point.
 Conceptualization involves:
 Identifying a relevant theme for the multimedia title.
 Availability of content
 How amenable is the content to multimedia treatment
 Issues like copyright are also to be considered.

2.Development Plan
 Defining project goals and objectives
 Specific goals, objectives and activities matrix must be laid down.
 Goals: In multimedia production goals are general statements of anticipated project
outcomes, usually more global in scope.
 Objectives: Specific statements of anticipated project outcomes.
• Activities: These are actions, things done in order to implement an
objective.
 Specific people are responsible for their execution,
 a cost is related to their implementation
 There is a time frame binding their development.
• Defining the Target Audience
 A very important element that needs to be defined at this stage
is the potential target audience of the proposed title since, this
will determine how the content needs to be presented.

3.Preproduction
 The process of intelligently mapping out a cohesive strategy for
the entire multimedia project, including:
 content, technical execution and marketing.
 The Production Manager undertakes the following activities.
 Development of the budget control system
 Hiring of all specialists involved in the multimedia development
process
 Contracting video and audio production crews and recording
studios
 Equipment rental, leasing and purchasing
 Software acquisition and installation
 Planning the research work of the content specialists
 Development of the multimedia
 application outline
 schedules
 Coordination of legal aspects of production

4.Production
 Activities in this phase include:
 Content Research
 Interface Design
 Graphics Development
 Selection of musical background and sound recording
 Development of computer animation
 Production of digital video
 Authoring

5.Postproduction
 In this phase, the multimedia application enters the:
 Alpha and beta testing process.
 Alpha:
 Testing conducted internally by the manufacturer
 Takes a new product through a protocol of testing procedures to verify
product functionality and capability.
 Beta:
 The second-stage test-version, which is distributed free to a limited
sample of users so that they can subject it to daily use and report any
problems to the manufacturer.
 After the "bugs" are fixed, the final version of the program is released
to the general public.
 Once the application is tested and revised, it enters the
packaging stage.
 It could be burned into a CD-ROM or published on the internet as a
website.

6.Documentation
 User documentation is a very important feature of
high-end multimedia titles.
 This includes:
 Instructions for installing
 System requirement
 Developing acknowledgments
 Copyrights
 Technical support and other information important for the
user.

7. Delivering
 Majority of multimedia products sold into
retail and business channel are delivered
on CD or DVD and/or World Wide Web
 Advantages of using CD or DVD:
 inexpensive and for short runs of a product
 Can hold as much as 84 minutes sound or
more than 700MB of data

8. Packaging
Packaging is where sales and marketing
issues in the process of making
multimedia into the real world of end
users.
The purpose is to impress the users:
CD – pretty cover, cardboard box, and shrink-
wrap that is required for over-the –counter
software sold to customer
Web – sufficient storage media or upload it to a
server

Summary
 It also includes the step by step phase
from start to finish to make sure the
development runs smooth according to
the time constraint and dateline.

Multimedia Skills
Multimedia developers come from all
corners of the computer, art, literacy, film,
and audio worlds
To produce good multimedia, need
detailed knowledge of computers, text,
graphics arts, sound, and video
Normally multimedia project – team effort.

Multimedia Skills –
The Team
 Multimedia Team (Prof. Wes Baker – Cedarville University, Ohio):
 Executive Producer
 Producer/Project Manager
 Creative Director/Multimedia Designer
 Art Director/Visual Designer
 Artist
 Interface Designer
 Game Designer
 Subject Matter Expert
 Instructional Designer/Training Specialist
 Script Writer
 Animator (2D/3D)
 Sound Producer
 Music Composer
 Video Producer
 Multimedia Programmer
 HTML Coder
 Lawyer/Media Acquisition
 Marketing Director

The Team
Project Manager
 Center of action
 Responsible for overall development and implementation of a project as well as
day-to-day operations
 Budgets
 Schedules
 Creative sessions
 Time sheets
 Illness
 Invoices
 Team dynamics
 Technical & operational expert

The Team
Multimedia Designer
Designing the look & feel of a multimedia
project
Screen color, visual consistency, meaningful icons,
simple screen elements, content layout, content
structure
Graphics Designer, illustrators, animators, and image
processing specialist – visual
Instructional Designer – navigation pathways and
content maps
Information Designer – structure content, determine
user pathways and feedback, and select presentation
media

The Team
Interface Designer
Interface provides control to the people who
use it
Backgrounds, icons, control panels – result of
am interface designer

The Team
Writer
Create character, action, and point of view –
create creativity
Write proposals, script voice-over and actors’
narrations, write text screens to deliver
messages, and develop characters designed for
an interactive environment
Glean information from content experts,
synthesize it, and then communicate it in a clear
and concise manner

The Team
Video Specialist
Videographers, sound technician, lighting
designers, set designers, script supervisors,
grips, production assistants, and actors.
Skilled in managing all phases of production,
from concept to final edit

The Team
Audio Specialist
Wizards who make a multimedia program come
alive, designing and producing music, voice-
over narrations, and sound effects.
Selecting suitable music and talent, scheduling
recording sessions, and digitizing and editing
recorded material into computer files

The Team
Multimedia Programmer
Software engineer
Integrates all the multimedia elements of a
project into a seamless whole using authoring
system or programming language
JavaScript, OpenScript, Lingo, Authorware,
Java, C++, etc.

The Team
Producer, Multimedia for the Web
Network Engineer
Putting together a coordinated set of pages for
the World Wide Web
Creative process, skillsets
Website never finished, remain dynamics
Most of the time maintaining the multimedia
program for easily access by user

Planning & Costing
 Project Planning
 The process of Making Multimedia
 Idea Analysis
 Pretesting
 Prototype Development
 Alpha Development
 Beta Development
 Delivery
 Hardware
 Available Skills and Software
 Idea Management Software
 Building a Team
 Pilot Projects and Prototyping
 Task Planning
 Scheduling
 Costing
 Billing rates
 Example Cost Sheets

Project Planning:
The Process of Making Multimedia

 Idea Analysis
 Ideas = purpose or goal against the feasibility and cost of production and delivery
 Use note paper
 What is the essence of what you want to do? What is your purpose and message
 How can you organize your project?
 What multimedia element will best deliver your message?
 Content material?
 Creating something new or improvise old version?
 Hardware? Enough?
 Storage needed? How much?
 Hardware available for your end user?
 Multimedia software available?
 Capabilities & skills – hardware & software
 Team or individual?
 Time?
 Money?
 How to distribute the final project?
 Who, what, why, where, when & how?
 Audience analysis: Who is it for?
 Needs analysis: Why develop it?
 Content analysis: What will it cover?
 Resource analysis: How and how much?
 Estimate: When will it get done?
 Think about marketing and distribution.
Project Planning:

Pretesting
Define project goals in greater detail
Skills required
Content
Costing (money & time)
How to sell it
Prototype on paper with an explanation of how
it will work
Project Planning:

 Prototype Development
 Develop working prototype
 Building screen mock-ups, human interface menu & button
 Select a small portion of a large project & get that part working
as it would in the final product
 Test your prototype along several fronts:
 Cost
 Market
 Human Interface
 Purpose: test the initial implementation of your idea and improve
on it based upon test results.
Project Planning:

Alpha Development
Detail the storyboard – bring in end user for
gathered information
Graphic art
Sound and video production
Test on working prototype
Project Planning:

Beta Development
Too late to bail out
Committed serious money, time and energy
Wider tester
Concern should be simply successfully steering
the project to its well-defined goal.
Project Planning:

Delivery
Worries toward the marketplace
How will your project be received by its
intended audience?
Issues:
Hotline, after sales maintenance, server co-location,
Project Planning:

Project Planning: Hardware
Most common limiting factor for realizing a
multimedia idea: no sound board; no
sound effects; no synthesizer; no MIDI
composer by you on-site; no high-
resolution color display; no modem or
network; no network
Listing the hardware capabilities of the end
users’ computer platform
If the capabilities are not enough, discuss with
end user (examine the cost)

Project Planning:
Available Skills and Software
Make a list of skills & software capabilities
available
Budget for new and more powerful
software and for the learning curve
required

 SiteSpring, Microsoft Project, Designer’s Edge,
Screenplay System’s Screenwriter and Story View ~
useful for arranging ideas and tasks, work items,
employee resources, and cost required for multimedia
project
 To help you stay within tight schedule and budget
 Project Management Software provides Critical Path
Method (CPM) scheduling functions to calculate the total
duration of a project based upon each identified task,
earmarking task that are critical and that, if lengthened,
will result a delay in project completion
 Used of Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT),
Gantt Chart
Project Planning:
Idea Management Software

 Multimedia requires a set of skills so broad
 Need a team, know what expertise required for a project
 Building a matrix chart of required skills is helpful
Project Planning:
Building a Team

Pilot project phase
Test ideas, mock up interfaces, exercise the
hardware platform
Determine the actual cost of the project
Project Planning:
Pilot Projects and Prototyping

 Brief checklist of action item for which we should plan ahead:
 Design Instructional Framework
 Hold Creative Idea Session
 Determine Delivery Platform
 Assay Available Content
 Draw navigation Map
 Create Storyboard
 Design Interface
 Design Information Containers
 Research/Gather Content
 Assemble Team
 Build Prototype
 Conduct User Test
 Revise Design
 Create Graphics
 Create Animations
 Produce Audio
 Produce Video
Project Planning:
Task Planning
Digitize Audio and Video
Take Still Photographs
Program and Author
Test Functionality
Fix Bugs
Conduct Beta Test
Create Golden Master
Replicate
Prepare Package
Deliver or Install at Web Site
Award Bonuses
Throw Party

Timeline
Estimate total time required for each task
and then allocate this time among the
number of persons will be asynchronously
working on the project
Scheduling difficult for multimedia:
Making multimedia is artistic trial and error
Technological upgrade during development
Client feedback
Project Planning: Scheduling

Costing
 Production and manufacturing industries – simple matter to estimate cost
and effort
 Multimedia is not a repetitive manufacturing process
 Multimedia development is a continuous research and development effort
characterized by creative trial and error
 Production cost (30-second commercial spot storyboard costs about
RM50K)
 Storyboard production
 Postproduction editing
 Actor (per hour)
 Composer (audio production)
 Animator (graphical production)
 Administration and management cost
 Three elements in project estimates:
 Time
 Money
 People

Costing: Billing Rates
Set according cost of doing business plus
a reasonable profit margin
Contractor and consultant can bring
specialized skills such as graphic art.
Programming, database expertise, music
composition.
Make sure your billing rate is higher than theirs

Proposal
Executive summary, briefly describing the
project;s goal, how the goal will be
achieved and the cost
Creative issues, technical issues, project
estimation and project plan, cost
estimation for each phase, contract terms.

Assignment : Proposal
 The cover page
 Table of contents
 Need Analysis and Description
 Target audience
 Creative strategy
 A description of the look and feel of the project
 Project implementation
 Gantt Chart/PERT, task scheduling
 Budget
 Relate directly to the scope of work in Project implementation
 Limitations of the proposal (if any)

Process of Making Multimedia.ppt

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Process of Making Multimedia.ppt