Processors (CPU)
- 1. Unit 02 – Computer Systems Central Processing Units BTEC Level Lecturer: Owen Funnell 3 90-Credit Diploma for IT Users
- 2. This Lesson…. Recap of motherboards End of the Lesson… Be able to explain what a processor does Explain why we use cache Explain Threads and Hyper-Threading BTEC Level Lecturer: Owen Funnell 3 90-Credit Diploma for IT Users
- 3. Sizes of motherboard? BTEC Level Lecturer: Owen Funnell 3 90-Credit Diploma for IT Users
- 4. Motherboard Chip Set Lecturer: Owen Funnell 1 2
- 5. Motherboard Buses BTEC Level Lecturer: Owen Funnell 3 90-Credit Diploma for IT Users
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- 13. Motherboard Connectors and cables 1 2 Lecturer: Owen Funnell 3 4 5 6 7 8
- 14. Processors Lecturer: Owen Funnell Gigabyte Z97X-SOC Force Intel Z97 (Socket 1150) CPU Support Supports 4th Gen Intel® Core™ / Pentium® / Celeron® processors for LGA 1150 socket Chipset Intel Z97 Memory Support 4 x DDR3 DIMMs 1066/ 1333/ 1600/ 1866(OC)/ 2133(OC)/2400(OC)/ 2666(OC)/ 2800(OC)/ 3000(OC) up to 32GB max Multi-GPU Support Support for 4-Way Crossfire Support for 2-Way SLI Display Outputs 1 x HDMI port 1 x DisplayPort 1 x DVI-I Port 1 x Dsub port Expansion Slots 1 x PCI Express x16 slots, running at x16 1 x PCI Express x16 slots, running at x8 2 x PCI Express x16 slots, running at x4 1 x PCI Express x1 slot 2x PCI slot Storage 6 x SATA 6Gb/s connectors RAID 0, 1, 5, 10 SATA Express Networking 1 x Qualcomm® Atheros Killer E2201 chip (10/100/1000 Mbit) Audio Realtek ALC 1150 - 8 Channel HD Audio Connectivity 2 USB 2.0 (Headers) 2 USB 3.0 (Headers) 4 USB 3.0 Rear Ports 4 USB 2.0 Rear Ports Form Factor ATX Form Factor Warranty 3 Year Manufacturer Warranty
- 15. Processors CPU stands for Central Processing Unit Does 3 basic tasks inside a computer • Can perform mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. • A microprocessor can move data from one memory location to another. • A microprocessor can make decisions and jump to a new set of instructions based on those decisions. Lecturer: Owen Funnell
- 16. Processors (Page 21) Lecturer: Owen Funnell Runs constantly in a cycle called the fetch-execute cycle Fetch Decode Execute The first step the CPU carries out is to fetch some data from main memory and store it in its own internal memory cache. This is the ‘fetch’ part of the cycle. The next step is for the CPU to make sense of the data its just fetched. This process is called ‘decode’ The decoded data is known as an instruction. Its tell the processor to do something The next part of the cycle is when processing actually takes place. The instruction is carried out or ‘executed’ Once a instruction is executed the processer set itself up to do another cycle.
- 17. Processors Processors are measured in Hertz Lecturer: Owen Funnell The clock speed is measured in hertz (Hz) and is how many fetch-execute cycles the processor can preform per second. A clock speed of 500Hz would mean 500 cycles per second. A 3GHz processor can complete 3 billion cycles every second. Faster clock speed = more calculations = faster computer
- 18. Processors – Bottlenecks and Cache (Page 22) We use cache memory because the CPU needs fast access to data. If we were to use system memory the system would ‘bottleneck’ and be too slow. Think of it as a 4 lane motorway that suddenly changes to a single lane. The car would need to slow Lecturer: Owen Funnell
- 19. Processors – Bottlenecks and Cache (Page 23) Lecturer: Owen Funnell Cache Memory There are 3 levels of Cache Memory L1 cache L2 cache L3 cache Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 The number referrers to how close each of these is to the CPU Level 1 L1 cache is located on the CPU itself and run as the same speed as the CPU, but it has a low capacity Level 2 L2 cache is located on the CPU module and run just slower then the speed as the CPU, but it has large capacity Level 3 L3 cache is located on the motherboard and runs a lot slower then the speed as the CPU, but it has the largest capacity of any level
- 20. Processors – Bottlenecks and Cache (Page 24) Clock speeds of processors are reaching the limit, we cannot get any more speed from them without generating a lot of heat. We can have processors with more then 1 core. A core being the CPU. A duel-core CPU has 2 cores working together. These processors will share a cache Both CPU’s can perform fetch-execute cycle speeding up time 32 or 64bits There are 2 types of processor 32 and 64 bit. The number indicates how big a ‘chuck’ of data they can process at a time. 64-bit processors can process bigger chucks of data at a time, making them quick Lecturer: Owen Funnell
- 21. Processors – Threads and Hyper-Threading (Page 25) Lecturer: Owen Funnell
- 22. Processors – Threads and Hyper-Threading (Page 26) Lecturer: Owen Funnell
- 23. Processors Intel Core i5-3570 3.40GHz Lecturer: Owen Funnell - 3.40GHz - Cores: 4 - Threads: 4 - Frequency: 3.40 GHz (Turbo Mode 3.80GHz) - Cache: 6 MB shared L3 - Memory Controller: Dual channel DDR3 1333/1600/1600+ MHz - TDP: 77W - Socket: LGA1155 - Compatible with Socket 1156 heat sinks