Programming languages ms harsha
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This document discusses programming languages, including their definition, types, paradigms, and generations. It defines programming languages as artificial languages that control computer behavior through syntactic and semantic rules. It describes the main types of programming languages as procedural, functional, object-oriented, and scripting. It also discusses common and uncommon language constructs, different programming paradigms, and generations of languages from machine code to artificial intelligence languages.
Programming languages ms harsha
- 2. This presentation would let know about the programming, programming languages, it’s types, difference between programming languages, paradigms and generations. www.advanced.edu.in
- 3. A Series of instructions given to a computer to accomplish a task. Instructions must be written in a way the computer can understand. Programming languages are used to write programs (group of instructions). www.advanced.edu.in
- 4. A programming language is an artificial language that can be used to control the behavior of a machine, particularly a computer Programming languages, like human languages, are defined through the use of syntactic and semantic rules, to determine structure and meaning respectively. Programming languages are used to facilitate communication about the task of organizing and manipulating information, and to express algorithms precisely. www.advanced.edu.in
- 5. Once the code (language) of a program has been written, it must be executed (run, started). You may need to type the name of the program to start it, or use a word like RUN and the name of the program (in the old days, anyway). www.advanced.edu.in
- 6. Procedural Programming Language The procedural programming language is used to execute a sequence of statements which lead to a result. Typically, this type of programming language uses multiple variables, heavy loops and other elements, which separates them from functional programming languages. Functional Programming Language Functional programming language typically uses stored data, frequently avoiding loops in favor of recursive functions. The functional programing’s primary focus is on the return values of functions, and side effects and different suggests that storing state are powerfully discouraged. www.advanced.edu.in
- 7. Object-oriented Programming Language This programming language views the world as a group of objects that have internal data and external accessing parts of that data. The aim this programming language is to think about the fault by separating it into a collection of objects that offer services which can be used to solve a specific problem. Scripting Programming Language These programming languages are often procedural and may comprise object-oriented language elements, but they fall into their own category as they are normally not full-fledged programming languages with support for development of large systems. www.advanced.edu.in
- 8. Common Constructs: basic data types (numbers, etc.); variables; expressions; statements; keywords; control constructs; procedures; comments; errors ... Uncommon Constructs: type declarations; special types (strings, arrays, matrices, ...); sequential execution; concurrency constructs; packages/modules; objects; general functions; generics; modifiable state; ... www.advanced.edu.in
- 9. A programming language is a problem-solving tool. Imperative style: program = algorithms + data good for decomposition Functional style: program = functions o functions good for reasoning Logic programming style: program = facts + rules good for searching Object-oriented style: program = objects + messages good for modeling(!) Other styles and paradigms: blackboard, pipes and filters, constraints, lists, ... www.advanced.edu.in
- 10. 1GL: machine codes 2GL: symbolic assemblers 3GL: (machine-independent) imperative languages (FORTRAN, Pascal, C ...) 4GL: domain specific application generators (Problem Oriented) 5GL: AI language (Natural language)… www.advanced.edu.in
- 11. Non-computational languages, such as markup languages like HTML or formal grammars like BNF, are usually not considered programming languages. Often a programming language is embedded in the non-computational language. www.advanced.edu.in