Rating and observation scale
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This document discusses observation and rating scales in education. It begins by defining observation as employing listening and seeing a situation or individual behavior. The advantages of observation include understanding non-verbal behavior and making diagnoses to improve teaching. Some limitations are subjective judgments and not observing unconscious behaviors. Rating scales are devices to judge traits not detectable by tests. Types include qualitative, descriptive, and percentage scales. Advantages include supplementing other methods and providing progress updates, but difficulties include subjectivity and central tendency errors. In conclusion, observation and rating scales can be useful evaluation tools for teachers when used properly.
Rating and observation scale
- 3. Introduction Observation is one of the oldest techniques that man has made use of. The teacher in the school make judgment after observing students gestures, bodily actions, facial expressions, tasks and movement.
- 4. Meaning • The word observation has been derived from the latin word ‘observare’ which means “to keep open”, “to look outside”. • Definition: • According to P.T. Young’s “observation means to employ listening and seeing about the situation or and individual behavior.
- 5. Advantages of observation • • • • • • • • • Non verbal behavior Overt behavior Emotional and intellectual maturity Habits and skills Diagnostic value Improvement in teaching Good relationships Observation natural environment guidance
- 6. Disadvantages of observation • • • • • • • • Non availability of trained observers Subjective Artificiality Long wait Personal problems No observation of internal behavior No observation of unconscious mind Time gap
- 7. Conclusion • Though method of observation has many limitations yet it is considerably used in child psychology, education psychology and education. • So this method has helped the application of psychology to education and wherever possible it should be supplemented by the use of experimental procedure.
- 9. Introduction The abilities, behavioral, characteristics and the performances of the students of social studies can also be judged and evaluated through suitable rating scales.
- 10. Definition According to Garrets “The rating scale is device for obtaining judgments of the degree to which an individual possesses certain behavior traits and attributes not readily detectable by objective tests.
- 11. Types of Rating scale • Qualitative scale 5 Excellent 4 Good 3 Average 2 1 Poor Very poor
- 12. Descriptive rating scale Is the pupil mentally alert? …………………………………………...lazy and sluggish ………………………………………………..idle and inert ……………………………………………..ordinarily active ……………………………………………………..quite active ……………………………………………exceedingly active
- 13. Graphic rating scale Social attitude Anti-social Selfcentered No positive attitude Usually considerate to others Strongly altruistic
- 14. • Rank order scale • Paired comparison scale • in top 1% ………….fallsPercentage of group scale …………. falls in the top 10% but not in the top 1% …………..falls in the top 25% but not in the top 10% ……………falls in the top 50% but not in the top 25% …………....falls in the lower half but not in the bottom 25% …………….falls in the bottom 25% but not in the bottom 10% ……………..falls in the bottom 10% but not in the bottom 1% ……………..falls in the bottom 1%
- 15. Advantages of rating scale • • • • • • • • • Supplement Useful for teacher Knowledge of progress of students Knowledge of achievements & personality of students Comparison Motivation Removing weakness Helpful in sending report Helpful in administration
- 16. Disadvantages • Difficulty in subjective • Difficulty in rating • Limited social contact • Non availability of experts • Low reliability and validity • Reluctance for preparing scales
- 17. • • • • Generosity error Stringency error Halo error Error of central tendency • Logical error
- 18. Conclusion • In modern times, rating scales can prove very useful for evaluating behavior attitudes, habits, personality traits and achievements of the students. • Rating scale are of great use when used for helping teachers to evaluate students behavior.
- 19. • Submitted to: Mr. Pawan bhatia • Submitted by: Mandeep kaur Roll no: 258
- 20. THANK YOU…..