Re-designing (hacking) scholarly communications
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This document discusses redesigning scholarly communication systems to better align with open access principles and networked scholarship. It argues that the current journal-based system is broken and does not serve the needs of emerging tools and practices. It proposes hacking the scholarly communication bundle to decouple functions like authoring, certification, and archiving. Broadening definitions of success, impact, and value is also discussed to better capture social and public goods of research beyond citations. The document advocates realigning funding and rewards with more inclusive metrics that reflect open scholarship and new scholarly practices enabled by digital technologies.
Re-designing (hacking) scholarly communications
- 1. RE-DESIGNING (HACKING?) SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION Openness and its Discontent KMD 1001F — KNOWLEDGE MEDIA DESIGN: FUNDEMENTAL CONCEPTS
- 2. Key Messages • Open Access as a philosophical principle and a set of practical tools • “Journal” no longer serves the needs of networked scholarship • From “Wealth of Nations” to “Wealth of Networks” • Need to rethink measurements of “impact” and values, especially for research for the public goods • Innovations are happening in the “peripheries” but there are gatekeepers and social barriers • Aligning funding and reward policies with new scholarly practices and inclusive metrics
- 3. BOAI
- 5. “Now as then, the hacker is characterised by an active approach to technology, undaunted by hierarchies and established knowledge, and finally a commitment to sharing information freely.” http://cspp.oekonux.org/special-issues/expanding-the-frontiers-of-
- 6. Cohen, Dan, and Tom Scheinfeldt, eds. Hacking the Academy: A Book Crowdsourced in One Week. Center for History and New Media, George Mason University. 21-28 May 2010. http://hackingtheacademy.org/
- 10. Problems • Current Scholarly Communication system is broken • Emerging tools are not being used effectively to serve scholarship • Re-designing Scholarly Communications
- 11. The Dysfunctional Economy of Scholarly Communications • Commodification of public knowledge Bundling • Oligopoly • Artificial scarcity • Homogeneity of forms and functions • Reputation management
- 12. Hacking the bundle Explore ways by which new practices can be coded (codified) so that the key functions of scholarly communication – authoring, certification, quality control, archiving, and rewarding - can be decoupled and better served by emerging tools for collaborative authoring, sharing, and reputation management.
- 13. This is not just a technology issue, but a socio-political problem.
- 14. Institutional Design Sustainability as a set of institutional structures and processes that build and protect the knowledge commons (after Sumner 2005, Mook and Sumner 2010)
- 15. Broadening the definition of “success”, “impact”, “value” and “capital” Business value monetary return, financial capital, efficiency, competiveness Scholarly value Reputation and citation; trust; symbolic capital Institutional value Public mission, community outreach, intellectual capital Social value Equity, participation, diversity, social capital Political value Evidence based policy, transparency, accountability, civic capital
- 20. The JIF is appallingly open to manipulation; mature alt- metrics systems could be more robust, leveraging the diversity of of alt-metrics and statistical power of big data to algorithmically detect and correct for fraudulent activity. This approach already works for online advertisers, social news sites, Wikipedia, and search engines. http://altmetrics.org/manifesto/
- 22. Scholarly Primitives Discovering Annotating Comparing Referring Sampling Illustrating “…basic functions Representing common to scholarly activity across disciplines, over time, John Unsworth. "Scholarly Primitives: What Methods Do Humanities Researchers Have in Common and How Might Our Tools Reflect and independent of This?" "Humanities Computing, Formal Methods, Experimental Practice" Symposium, Kings College, London, May 13, 2000. theoretical orientation.” http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/~jmu2m/Kings.5-00/primitives.html
- 23. Opportunities for Digital Scholarship Public outreach and engagement New forms of Service “impact” Student training Data sharing New scholarly Curation practices Personalization Experimentations Interdisciplinary Professional and Collaborative development research
- 24. Scholarly Primitives and Reputation? Discovering Annotating Comparing Referring Sampling Illustrating Representing John Unsworth. "Scholarly Primitives: What Methods Do Humanities Researchers Have in Common and How Might Our Tools Reflect This?" "Humanities Computing, Formal Methods, Experimental Practice" Symposium, Kings College, London, May 13, 2000. http://jefferson.village.virginia.edu/~jmu2m/Kings.5-00/primitives.html
- 28. Conclusions • Open Access is just the substrate, but an essential one • Metrics drive behaviour, but we have been using the wrong metrics • Need to rethink what we value as a public institution • Reward open scholarship
- 29. http://www.openoasis.org http://www.bioline.org.br http://www.openaccessmap.or g Thank You! chan@utsc.utoronto.ca
Editor's Notes
- #24: Open access models are proliferating, not only for sharing traditional forms of scholarly production (peer-reviewed papers), but also among new forms of content, especially databases and media archives.Data are increasingly born digital