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2 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Exercises 3
Self-Review Exercises
1.1 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called .
ANS: programs.
b) The key logical units of the computer are the , , , ,
and .
ANS: input unit, output unit, memoryunit, central processing unit, arithmetic and logic
unit, secondary storage unit.
c) The three types of languages discussed in the chapter are , and
.
ANS: machine languages, assembly languages, high-level languages.
d) The programs that translate high-level language programs into machine language are
called .
ANS: compilers.
e) is an operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux kernel and Java.
ANS: Android.
f) software is generally feature complete and (supposedly) bug free and ready for
use by the community.
ANS: Release candidate.
g) The Wii Remote, as well as many smartphones, uses a(n) which allows the de-
vice to respond to motion.
ANS: accelerometer.
1.2 Fill in the blanks in each of the following sentences about the C++ environment.
a) C++ programs are normally typed into a computer using a(n) program.
ANS: editor.
b) In a C++ system, a(n) program executes before the compiler’s translation
phase begins.
ANS: preprocessor.
c) The program combines the output of the compiler with various library func-
tions to produce an executable program.
ANS: linker.
d) The program transfers the executable programfrom disk to memory.
ANS: loader.
1.3 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements (based on Section 1.8):
a) Objects have the property of —although objects may know how to commu-
nicate with one another across well-defined interfaces, they normally are not allowed to
know how other objects are implemented.
ANS: information hiding.
b) C++ programmers concentrate on creating , which contain data members and
the member functions that manipulate those data members and provide services to clients.
ANS: classes.
c) The process of analyzing and designing a system from an object-oriented point of view
is called .
ANS: object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD).
d) With , new classes of objects are derived by absorbing characteristics of existing
classes, then adding unique characteristics of their own.
ANS: inheritance.
3 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Exercises 3
e) is a graphical language that allows people who design software systems to use
an industry-standard notation to represent them.
ANS: The Unified Modeling Language (UML).
f) The size, shape, color and weight of an object are considered of the object’s class.
ANS: attributes.
Exercises
1.4 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) The logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside the computer
for use by the computer is the .
ANS: input unit.
b) The process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called .
ANS: computer programming.
c) is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for ma-
chine-language instructions.
ANS: Assembly language.
d) is a logical unit of the computer that sends information which has already
been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the
computer.
ANS: The output unit.
e) and are logical units of the computer that retain information.
ANS: The memory unit, the secondary storage unit.
f) is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations.
ANS: The arithmetic and logic unit (ALU).
g) is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions.
ANS: The arithmetic and logic unit (ALU).
h) languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs
quickly and easily.
ANS: High-level.
i) The onlylanguage a computer can directly understand is that computer’s .
ANS: machine language.
j) is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other
logical units.
ANS: The central processing unit (CPU).
1.5 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) initially became widely known as the development language of the UNIX op-
erating system.
ANS: C.
b) The programming language was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in the early
1980s at Bell Laboratories.
ANS: C++.
1.6 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements:
a) C++ programs normally go through six phases— , , ,
, and .
ANS: edit, preprocess, compile, link, load, execute
b) A(n) provides many tools that support the software development process,
such as editors for writing and editing programs, debuggers for locating logic errors in
programs, and manyother features.
ANS: integrated development environment (IDE).
4 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Exercises 3
1.7 You’re probably wearing on your wrist one of the world’s most common types of objects—
a watch. Discuss how each of the following terms and concepts applies to the notion of a watch:
object, attributes, behaviors, class, inheritance (consider, for example, an alarm clock), modeling,
messages, encapsulation, interface and information hiding.
ANS: The entire watch is an object that is composed of many other objects (such as the
moving parts, the band, the face, etc.) Watch attributes are time, color, band, style
(digital or analog), etc. The behaviors of the watch include setting the time and get-
ting the time. A watch can be considered a specific type of clock (as can an alarm
clock). With that in mind, it is possible that a class called Clock could exist from
which other classes such as watch and alarm clock could inherit the basic features in
the clock. The watch is an abstraction of the mechanics needed to keep track of the
time. The user of the watch does not need to know the mechanics of the watch in
order to use it; the user only needs to know that the watch keeps the proper time. In
this sense, the mechanics of the watch are encapsulated (hidden) inside the watch.
The interface to the watch (its face and controls for setting the time) allows the user
to set and get the time. The user is not allowed to directly touch the internal mechan-
ics of the watch. All interaction with the internal mechanics is controlled by the in-
terface to the watch. The data members stored in the watch are hidden inside the
watch and the member functions (looking at the face to get the time and setting the
time) provide the interface to the data.
Making a Difference
Throughout the book we’ve included Making a Difference exercises in which you’ll be asked to
work on problems that really matter to individuals, communities, countries and the world.
1.8 (Test Drive: Carbon Footprint Calculator) Some scientists believe that carbon emissions,
especially from the burning of fossil fuels, contribute significantly to global warming and that this
can be combatted if individuals take steps to limit their use of carbon-based fuels. Various organi-
zations and individuals are increasingly concerned about their “carbon footprints.” Websites such
as TerraPass
http://www.terrapass.com/carbon-footprint-calculator-2/
and Carbon Footprint
http://www.carbonfootprint.com/calculator.aspx
provide carbon footprint calculators. Test drive these calculators to determine your carbon foot-
print. Exercises in later chapters will ask you to program your own carbon footprint calculator. To
prepare for this, research the formulas for calculating carbon footprints.
1.9 (Test Drive: Body Mass Index Calculator) By recent estimates, two-thirds of the people in
the United States are overweight and about halfof those are obese. This causes significant increases
in illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease. To determine whether a person is overweight or obese,
you can use a measure called the body mass index (BMI). The United States Department of Health
and Human Services provides a BMI calculator at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/
obesity/BMI/bmicalc.htm. Use it to calculate your own BMI. An exercise in Chapter 2 will ask you
to program your own BMIcalculator. To prepare for this, research the formulas for calculating BMI.
1.10 (Attributes of Hybrid Vehicles) In this chapter you learned the basics of classes. Now you’ll
begin “fleshing out” aspects of a class called “Hybrid Vehicle.” Hybrid vehicles are becoming increas-
inglypopular, because they often get much better mileage than purely gasoline-powered vehicles.
Browse the web and study the features of four or five of today’s popular hybrid cars, then list as many
Making a Difference 5
5 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++
of their hybrid-related attributes as you can. For example, common attributes include city-miles-per-
gallon and highway-miles-per-gallon. Also list the attributes of the batteries (type, weight, etc.).
• Manufacturer
• Type of Hybrid—Battery hybrid (Hybrid Electric Vehicles), Plug-in hybrid, Fuel cell etc.
• Driver feedback system—so the driver can monitor fuel efficiency based on their driving
• Energy recovery—for example, regenerative breaking
• Carbon footprint—tons of CO2 per year
• Fuel capacity
• City-miles-per-gallon
• Highway-miles-per-gallon
• Two-mode hybrid propulsion system
• Engine size—V6, V8, etc.
• Vehicle type—SUV, crossover, compact, mid-size, etc.
• Seating capacity
• Horse power
• Drive train (front wheel drive, all wheel drive)
• Top speed
• Torque
• Price
1.11 (Gender Neutrality) Some people want to eliminate sexism in all forms of communication.
You’ve been asked to create a program that can process a paragraph of text and replace gender-spe-
cific words with gender-neutral ones. Assuming that you’ve been given a list of gender-specific
words and their gender-neutral replacements (e.g., replace “wife” with “spouse,” “man” with “per-
son,” “daughter” with “child” and so on), explain the procedure you’d use to read through a para-
graph of text and manually perform these replacements. How might your procedure generate a
strange term like “woperchild,” which is actually listed in the Urban Dictionary (www.urbandic-
tionary.com)? In Chapter 4, you’ll learn that a more formal term for “procedure” is “algorithm,”
and that an algorithm specifies the steps to be performed and the order in which to perform them.
ANS: Search through the entire paragraph for a word such as “wife” and replace every oc-
currence with “spouse.” Repeat this searching process for every gender specific word
in the list. You could accidentally get a word like “woperchild” if you are not careful
about how you perform replacements. For example, the word “man” can be part of
a larger word, like “woman.” So, replacing every occurrence of “man” can yield
strange results. Consider the process of replacing “man” with “person” then replacing
“son” with “child.” If you encounter the word “woman,” which contains the word
“man,” you’d replace “man” with “person” resulting in the word “woperson.” In a
subsequent pass you’d encounter “woperson” and replace “son” with “child” result-
ing in the “woperchild.”
1.12 (Privacy) Some online e-mail services save all e-mail correspondence for some period of
time. Suppose a disgruntled employee of one of these online e-mail services were to post all of the
e-mail correspondences for millions of people, including yours, on the Internet. Discuss the issues.
1.13 (Programmer Responsibility and Liability) As a programmer in industry, you may develop
software that could affect people’s health or even their lives. Suppose a software bug in one of your
programs were to cause a cancer patient to receive an excessive dose during radiation therapy and
that the person either was severely injured or died. Discuss the issues.
Making a Difference 5
6 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++
1.14 (2010 “Flash Crash”) An example of the consequences of our dependency on computers
was the so-called “flash crash” which occurred on May 6, 2010, when the U.S. stock market fell pre-
cipitously in a matter of minutes, wiping out trillions of dollars of investments, and then recovered
within minutes. Use the Internet to investigate the causes of this crash and discuss the issues it raises.
Other documents randomly have
different content
171
you’re talking about. That’s mighty important news.”
“Oh, I do, sir! My father told me all about it just before
we left Two Harbors.”
There was another pause, during which the hammering
outside the door became more insistent. Sandy could
hear the lock beginning to give.
“That’s very strange, Sandy,” Mr. Kennedy said
doubtfully. “I should think I would have heard of it
before now.”
“You were supposed to, you were supposed to, sir!”
Sandy shouted. “That’s what all that hammering’s
about, sir. It’s Captain West trying to break into the
radio shack. He doesn’t want you to know!” Sandy
caught his breath and went on, “I hate to tell you this,
sir, but I’m afraid Captain West has been working for Mr.
Chadwick and against you.”
This time, the silence at the other end was so prolonged
that Sandy feared he had been disconnected. At last,
Mr. Kennedy spoke again, sadly.
“Sandy, a moment ago, you lifted my spirits as they
have seldom been lifted. But, just now, you drove them
down again with about the worst piece of news I’ve
ever heard. Let me speak to Captain West.”
Wham! Crrrash! Snap!
At that moment, with a blow of demonic strength, the
enraged Captain West burst the last shred of the barrier
separating him from Sandy Steele.
172
He charged into the room shouting threats and with his
eyes shooting sparks of hatred. As he did, Sandy held
out the telephone to him, and said, “Mr. Kennedy would
like to speak to you.”
All of Captain West’s bluster and bravado seemed to
vanish at the sight of that tall, blond boy who had stood
so unflinchingly in his path and now extended the
telephone toward him with that calm announcement.
The fight went out of his eyes. The color drained from
his face. His powerful shoulders sagged and his whole
body seemed to slump.
Without a word, Captain West turned and dragged
himself from the room.
“He doesn’t want to speak to you, sir.”
“So it’s true, then! Well, get me someone else in
authority, Sandy. Put Mr. Briggs on.”
Sandy paused, awkwardly.
“I’m sorry, Mr. Kennedy, but I think the mate was
working against you, too.”
“Oh, Lord, Lord! Am I surrounded by unfaithful
employees? Goodness, is there no one on the James
Kennedy that I can trust except you, boy? Who else is
there in authority?”
“There’s Mr. Davis, sir—the next officer. But he’s lost his
glasses and can’t see. We’ve just been through a
terrible storm, sir.”
“Yes, yes, I read about it in the newspapers. But I
thought you would be in port at Detroit. Is there no one
173
174
else?”
Sandy pondered. Then his face brightened. “There’s
Sam and Gunnar.”
“Sam! Who on earth is Sam? Oh, no, no—never mind,
Sandy. Forget that question. Goodness knows I have
good reason to trust your judgment. Put Sam on,
whoever he is!”
Sandy grinned.
“Get Sam up here, Cookie,” he shouted. Then, returning
to Mr. Kennedy, he asked, “Anything else, sir?”
“Anything else! My goodness, boy—what else is there?
For the second time within a week, I find myself in your
debt.”
Sandy was too embarrassed to make any comment, and
Mr. Kennedy rushed on, “I don’t know how to thank
you, boy—but I’ll think of something. Remember, you’re
to call me the moment you arrive in Buffalo. Both you
and your friend. By the way, how is he?”
“Jerry? Oh, he’s all right, sir—just a sprained ankle from
the storm.”
“My goodness! You have had a stormy voyage, haven’t
you?”
Sandy grinned again, remembering the plunge into Lake
Superior to save Cookie, the fire in the galley as the
James Kennedy steamed into Lake Huron, that spanking
storm on Lake Erie—to say nothing of the combined
badgering of Mr. Briggs and Captain West. But Sandy
saw no reason to tell Mr. Kennedy exactly how right he
175
was. He just felt good, that was all—so he grinned again
and said: “Yes, sir, I guess you could call it a stormy
voyage. Here’s Sam.”
Sam stepped up and took the telephone from Sandy’s
outstretched hand. His manner was hesitant, for he had
never spoken to the owner of the line before. His face
was grave, but as he listened, his eyes grew wider and
wider. Finally, with an expression of amazement and a
snappy, “Yes, sir!” he hung up and turned to Sandy and
Cookie.
“Well, what do you know?” he murmured.
“Well, what?”
“I’m in charge!”
Cookie’s mouth popped open. He began to dance in
excitement, flipping his apron in the air. “Hooray for
Sam!” he shouted. “Yippee! Yip, yip—yippeee!”
“All right, Cookie,” Sam cautioned, laughing. “Take it
easy, now. It’s only until we get to Buffalo.”
“Who cares?” Cookie yelled. “Let’s celebrate, anyway. I’ll
bake a cake!”
Both Sandy and Sam had to laugh again at the capering
little man. His eyes shone when he promised to bake a
cake, but when Sandy reminded him that he would have
to do it with burned flour, a sly look came over his face
and he pointed an accusing finger at the blond youth
and shouted, “It’s all his fault, Skipper! There’s the
culprit! That’s the landlubber who burned down my
nice, new galley!”
176
Sandy grinned happily. “Honestly, Cookie, you should
have been an actor. Why, I almost believed those things
you said about me, myself.” His face turned serious.
“How did you know about Mr. Briggs and Captain West,
anyway?”
“I heard ’em talking,” Cookie said simply. “The night of
the fire, you put me in the mate’s cabin, remember?
Well, it was after they called you in that I overheard
them talking about Mr. Kennedy selling out to
Chadwick.” Cookie struck his fist into his palm savagely.
“Chadwick!” he said. “Me sail on another Chadwicker?
I’d sooner die on land! No, sir, Sandy, when I heard
that, I knew I had to help you. I told myself I’d swim all
the way to Buffalo with you on my back, if it meant
blocking that deal.”
“But you can’t swim, Cookie.”
“No matter,” the little man said grimly. “I’d’ve done it. I’d
do anything, before I’d sail a Chadwicker again.”
Of course, that unhappy notion was no longer a
possibility—not after the scene which took place in Mr.
Kennedy’s office several hours after Sandy and Cookie
and Sam had gone below to break the news to Jerry
James.
Mr. Paul Chadwick had arrived and been ushered into
Mr. Kennedy’s conference room, where the lawyers of
both firms had assembled to handle the details of the
sale. Mr. Chadwick came striding in. He was a fat,
pompous man with pouches beneath his pale eyes. He
had a sharp way of speaking and he ordered his
employees around as if he thought they belonged to
him, body and soul.
177
“Well, Kennedy,” he shot out as he took a seat at the
table, “I presume everything is in readiness?”
“Yes, Paul,” Mr. Kennedy said softly. “Everything is set.”
“Good. All right, Cogswell,” he snapped, turning to one
of his lawyers. “Let’s have the papers. Quick, man! The
papers. Don’t dawdle like a kindergarten child; give me
the papers!”
Red-faced, the lawyer pulled a legal-looking document
from his brief case and passed it to Mr. Chadwick. In the
embarrassed silence that followed, the only sound that
could be heard was the scratching of Mr. Chadwick’s pen
as he hurriedly signed his name.
“Here, John,” he said grandly, passing the document
across the table. “Now, you sign right there. And, then,
the Kennedy boats will belong to me.”
“I think not, Paul,” Mr. Kennedy said easily as he
accepted the papers and tore them swiftly in two. “I
think they’ll still belong to me.”
He handed the torn contract back to his astounded
shipping rival. Mr. Chadwick stared at the pieces in
disbelief.
“But this is preposterous!” he shouted. “You can’t do
this to me! You agreed to sell, Kennedy. Why, why,” he
spluttered, his cheeks puffing out like a frog’s, “why, I’ll
sue!”
“Go ahead, Paul,” Mr. Kennedy said, getting to his feet.
“And, by the way, you may be getting busy soon,
shipping all that new, high-grade ore down from the
Mesabi—as I expect to—and you may find yourself in
178
need of a skipper or a mate.” He smiled. “I know just
the men for you, Paul. Fine, dependable men—men like
Captain West or Mr. Briggs.”
A shadow of dismay passed over Mr. Chadwick’s pale
eyes. Without a word, he jumped to his feet and hurried
from the room.
179
CHAPTER FIFTEEN
Safe in Port
That night, under a star-dusted sky, with the lights of
Buffalo to guide her and beckon her on, the battered
James Kennedy limped into port.
And waiting to greet her, in addition to her owner and
his personal physician, was a throng of chattering
newspaper reporters and photographers. The tale of the
James Kennedy’s ordeal at sea had preceded her. Even
as the vessel was slowly warped into her berth,
photographers raced alongside her in excitement-
eagerly snapping pictures of her damaged
superstructure with its wrecked pilothouse. The flashing
of their light bulbs added to the general air of
excitement.
The moment the ship was securely in port, the
newspapermen came hurrying up the gangplank.
“Where’s the skipper?” they shouted. “Where’s Captain
West?”
“There he is!” one of them shouted in dismay. “He’s
gone ashore already.”
180
True enough. The moment the newshawks had come
aboard the James Kennedy and spilled over her decks,
Captain West had seized the chance to slip down the
gangplank. Now he was hastening out of sight. He all
but broke into a run when he heard the yell of the
newsman who had identified him. But he slowed again
when he saw that his path would take him past Mr. John
Kennedy, the employer he had attempted to betray. His
step faltered. He tried to lift his eyes to the level of Mr.
Kennedy’s, to brazen it out. But he could not. His gaze
fell.
He slunk by and disappeared in the darkness.
With a heavy sigh, Mr. Kennedy turned to the man
beside him and said, “Come, Doctor—we’d better have a
look at that James boy.”
The two men made their way up the gangplank.
“Sandy!” Mr. Kennedy exclaimed, when he caught sight
of the tall, blond youth standing at the head of the
ramp. “Goodness, boy, I’m certainly glad to see you.”
His face took on a worried look and his eyes searched
Sandy Steele’s lanky frame. “You’re all right, aren’t you,
boy? I mean, I certainly wouldn’t want John Steele
holding me responsible for—”
“Oh, I’m fine, sir,” Sandy said, smiling. “Just a bit
hungry, that’s all.”
“We’ll fix that soon enough,” Mr. Kennedy vowed. “But
let’s have a look at your friend first. Where is he?”
“Down below, sir. Here, I’ll lead the way.”
181
Sandy and Mr. Kennedy and the physician, whose name
was Dr. Hilliard, disappeared down the hatch. As they
did, a tall, thin, furtive figure crept around the cabin. It
glanced around fearfully, before sneaking down the
gangplank and running up the wharf.
It was Mr. Briggs.
Below, meanwhile, Dr. Hilliard had gently unwrapped
the torn sheets bound around Jerry James’s ankle. He
studied the injured member with professional concern.
Both Jerry and Sandy watched his face anxiously, for
both of them were thinking of the football season that
lay ahead.
“John,” Dr. Hilliard said, with mock gravity, “if they had
more people like this young oak stump around, I’d be
out of business.”
“Hooray!” Sandy cried, and Jerry James grinned with
delight.
“Of course,” the doctor hurried on, “you’ll need a cane
for a week or two, young man. But otherwise I’d say
you’re none the worse for wear.”
At that remark, Jerry winked at his friend. He rubbed his
stomach sorrowfully. “Outside of being hungry, Doctor,
I’d say—”
Mr. Kennedy broke in.
“Boys,” he said, glancing at his watch, “I promise you
that in fifteen minutes you will be in my dining room
sitting down to the best meal that was ever served up in
Buffalo.”
182
And they were.
Less than a week later, the two friends were back on
the Great Lakes again—bound for Minnesota once more,
this time to ship aboard a load of grain.
They had had a wonderful time as the guests of Mr.
Kennedy. They saw all the sights of Buffalo, including
Niagara Falls, that great escarpment over which Lake
Erie plunges, and they had crossed the Peace Bridge
into Canada to have one of those famous beefsteaks at
the Chinaman’s in Fort Erie. Then, after Dr. Hilliard had
pronounced Jerry James fit to walk again without the
use of his cane, they had taken ship again.
Their vessel was now the Cecil Rogers (almost all Great
Lakes boats are named for shipping leaders), for the
beloved old James Kennedy was in drydock undergoing
extensive repairs.
And their new skipper was?
“Sam!” the two youths cried as they came aboard.
Sure enough, it was their old friend, and there was
Cookie, too, grinning at them from over the rail. And
there was Gunnar towering behind him!
“Boys,” Sam said, chuckling, “meet my mate.”
There were shouts of jubilation and hand-shaking all
around as Sandy and Jerry got their gear aboard ship
and into their quarters. This time, they had a room
twice as large as the rathole they had shared on the
James Kennedy. And this time, aboard the Cecil Rogers,
they shipped as deck hands.
183
184
“No more galley slavery for us,” Jerry exclaimed, and
Sandy nodded in agreement.
That was how the two lads from Valley View passed the
remainder of that summer. They sailed up and down the
Lakes, as the Cecil Rogers hauled its cargoes of ore,
grain and coal. Sometimes they made Canadian ports,
and once they passed through the Welland Ship Canal
into Lake Ontario, the lake that lies the farthest east.
At last came the sad day when they had to reclaim Old
Faithful from the hands of Sandy’s dad and say goodbye
to their friends. School would reopen in another week,
and they had to be heading west.
“Gootpy, poys,” Gunnar called from the rail, as Jerry’s
jalopy began to chug away from the loading dock where
the Cecil Rogers lay. “Haf goot trip.”
“Send us a picture of your football team,” Cookie yelled,
and Sam shouted, “Keep your chin up, boys. Maybe
we’ll see you next summer.”
“Goodbye, goodbye,” Sandy Steele and Jerry James
cried, and then they were out of sight.
185
CHAPTER SIXTEEN
Summer’s End
There was a hint of autumn in the air as Jerry James
swung Old Faithful off the highway and up the ramp
leading to Valley View. Both boys felt a deep surge of
pleasure run through them as they picked out the
familiar landmarks that told them they had come home
again.
The dusty old jalopy rolled along Ridge Road and past
the March mansion.
“Doesn’t look like anybody’s home,” Sandy said.
“That’s what I thought,” said Jerry. “I wonder what
happened to our friend Pepper.”
Sandy shrugged. “I don’t know. But it sure was good
spending all those weeks without him. Jerry!” he yelled.
“Did you hear that?”
Jerry James had, and his eyes sparkled with delight.
What the two boys had heard was the unmistakable
thud of a foot meeting pigskin!
186
“Boy!” Sandy said. “I can hardly wait for school to open.
Sounds funny, I know, but if the fall means school, it
means football, too!”
“You bet, Sandy. The only thing I missed on the Great
Lakes was not having a chance to practice.”
“Oh, we’ll be all right. At least, we stayed in shape.”
They had. They were as hard as the decks of the James
Kennedy and their bodies were burned the color of
walnut.
“Well, here we are,” Sandy said, as Old Faithful swung
into his street. Jerry nodded. In another instant, he had
mechanically lifted his foot from the gas pedal, as he
always did when he approached Sandy’s house, and the
jalopy had begun to slow down. Grasping his jam-
packed suitcase in one hand, Sandy Steele vaulted
lightly to the pavement. “See you tonight at the
drugstore, Jerry,” he called, and then he turned and ran
into the house.
“Mom!” Sandy Steele called as the screen door slammed
shut behind him. “Mom! It’s me. Sandy. I’m home!”
The whole crowd from Valley View High had gathered at
the James drugstore that night, and, of course, most of
the talk was about how the school’s football team would
fare in the league competition that season, and
especially how its heroes stacked up against those from
the arch rivals in Poplar City.
As usual, Quiz Taylor was the center of a crowd as he
spieled off the weight, height and past season’s record
187
of nearly all the boys who would be playing for Poplar
City in the coming fall.
“Honestly, fellows,” he said, his round face gloomy, “I
don’t see how we can beat them. Of course, we have
Jerry and Sandy, but we don’t have a runner to compare
with their fullback, Tomkins.”
“What about Pepper March?” someone asked. “He
scored six touchdowns for Valley View last year.”
“Yes, Quiz,” Sandy said. “What about Pepper? Where is
he, anyway? You’d think he’d be here, the night before
school opens.”
Quiz Taylor began to shake with laughter.
“D-didn’t you hear about Pepper?” he sputtered, his
face crinkling with merriment. “Haven’t you heard about
what happened to Stanley Peperdine March?”
“No. What happened?”
“Yeah, Quiz,” someone else said. “Cut the comedy, and
let us in on the joke, too.”
Still chuckling, Quiz Taylor said, “Pepper won’t be home
for another two weeks. A couple of the sailors aboard
that ship they were on came down with one of those
rare, tropical diseases. Pepper and his father had to
spend the summer in quarantine.”
There was a roar of laughter at the expense of the
unpopular Pepper.
Sandy Steele turned to his friend and said, “Well, Jerry,
we may have had a stormy voyage, but I’ll bet we had a
better summer than Pepper did.”
Transcriber’s Notes
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  • 5. 2 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Exercises 3 Self-Review Exercises 1.1 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements: a) Computers process data under the control of sets of instructions called . ANS: programs. b) The key logical units of the computer are the , , , , and . ANS: input unit, output unit, memoryunit, central processing unit, arithmetic and logic unit, secondary storage unit. c) The three types of languages discussed in the chapter are , and . ANS: machine languages, assembly languages, high-level languages. d) The programs that translate high-level language programs into machine language are called . ANS: compilers. e) is an operating system for mobile devices based on the Linux kernel and Java. ANS: Android. f) software is generally feature complete and (supposedly) bug free and ready for use by the community. ANS: Release candidate. g) The Wii Remote, as well as many smartphones, uses a(n) which allows the de- vice to respond to motion. ANS: accelerometer. 1.2 Fill in the blanks in each of the following sentences about the C++ environment. a) C++ programs are normally typed into a computer using a(n) program. ANS: editor. b) In a C++ system, a(n) program executes before the compiler’s translation phase begins. ANS: preprocessor. c) The program combines the output of the compiler with various library func- tions to produce an executable program. ANS: linker. d) The program transfers the executable programfrom disk to memory. ANS: loader. 1.3 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements (based on Section 1.8): a) Objects have the property of —although objects may know how to commu- nicate with one another across well-defined interfaces, they normally are not allowed to know how other objects are implemented. ANS: information hiding. b) C++ programmers concentrate on creating , which contain data members and the member functions that manipulate those data members and provide services to clients. ANS: classes. c) The process of analyzing and designing a system from an object-oriented point of view is called . ANS: object-oriented analysis and design (OOAD). d) With , new classes of objects are derived by absorbing characteristics of existing classes, then adding unique characteristics of their own. ANS: inheritance.
  • 6. 3 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Exercises 3 e) is a graphical language that allows people who design software systems to use an industry-standard notation to represent them. ANS: The Unified Modeling Language (UML). f) The size, shape, color and weight of an object are considered of the object’s class. ANS: attributes. Exercises 1.4 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements: a) The logical unit of the computer that receives information from outside the computer for use by the computer is the . ANS: input unit. b) The process of instructing the computer to solve a problem is called . ANS: computer programming. c) is a type of computer language that uses English-like abbreviations for ma- chine-language instructions. ANS: Assembly language. d) is a logical unit of the computer that sends information which has already been processed by the computer to various devices so that it may be used outside the computer. ANS: The output unit. e) and are logical units of the computer that retain information. ANS: The memory unit, the secondary storage unit. f) is a logical unit of the computer that performs calculations. ANS: The arithmetic and logic unit (ALU). g) is a logical unit of the computer that makes logical decisions. ANS: The arithmetic and logic unit (ALU). h) languages are most convenient to the programmer for writing programs quickly and easily. ANS: High-level. i) The onlylanguage a computer can directly understand is that computer’s . ANS: machine language. j) is a logical unit of the computer that coordinates the activities of all the other logical units. ANS: The central processing unit (CPU). 1.5 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements: a) initially became widely known as the development language of the UNIX op- erating system. ANS: C. b) The programming language was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in the early 1980s at Bell Laboratories. ANS: C++. 1.6 Fill in the blanks in each of the following statements: a) C++ programs normally go through six phases— , , , , and . ANS: edit, preprocess, compile, link, load, execute b) A(n) provides many tools that support the software development process, such as editors for writing and editing programs, debuggers for locating logic errors in programs, and manyother features. ANS: integrated development environment (IDE).
  • 7. 4 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ Exercises 3 1.7 You’re probably wearing on your wrist one of the world’s most common types of objects— a watch. Discuss how each of the following terms and concepts applies to the notion of a watch: object, attributes, behaviors, class, inheritance (consider, for example, an alarm clock), modeling, messages, encapsulation, interface and information hiding. ANS: The entire watch is an object that is composed of many other objects (such as the moving parts, the band, the face, etc.) Watch attributes are time, color, band, style (digital or analog), etc. The behaviors of the watch include setting the time and get- ting the time. A watch can be considered a specific type of clock (as can an alarm clock). With that in mind, it is possible that a class called Clock could exist from which other classes such as watch and alarm clock could inherit the basic features in the clock. The watch is an abstraction of the mechanics needed to keep track of the time. The user of the watch does not need to know the mechanics of the watch in order to use it; the user only needs to know that the watch keeps the proper time. In this sense, the mechanics of the watch are encapsulated (hidden) inside the watch. The interface to the watch (its face and controls for setting the time) allows the user to set and get the time. The user is not allowed to directly touch the internal mechan- ics of the watch. All interaction with the internal mechanics is controlled by the in- terface to the watch. The data members stored in the watch are hidden inside the watch and the member functions (looking at the face to get the time and setting the time) provide the interface to the data. Making a Difference Throughout the book we’ve included Making a Difference exercises in which you’ll be asked to work on problems that really matter to individuals, communities, countries and the world. 1.8 (Test Drive: Carbon Footprint Calculator) Some scientists believe that carbon emissions, especially from the burning of fossil fuels, contribute significantly to global warming and that this can be combatted if individuals take steps to limit their use of carbon-based fuels. Various organi- zations and individuals are increasingly concerned about their “carbon footprints.” Websites such as TerraPass http://www.terrapass.com/carbon-footprint-calculator-2/ and Carbon Footprint http://www.carbonfootprint.com/calculator.aspx provide carbon footprint calculators. Test drive these calculators to determine your carbon foot- print. Exercises in later chapters will ask you to program your own carbon footprint calculator. To prepare for this, research the formulas for calculating carbon footprints. 1.9 (Test Drive: Body Mass Index Calculator) By recent estimates, two-thirds of the people in the United States are overweight and about halfof those are obese. This causes significant increases in illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease. To determine whether a person is overweight or obese, you can use a measure called the body mass index (BMI). The United States Department of Health and Human Services provides a BMI calculator at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/ obesity/BMI/bmicalc.htm. Use it to calculate your own BMI. An exercise in Chapter 2 will ask you to program your own BMIcalculator. To prepare for this, research the formulas for calculating BMI. 1.10 (Attributes of Hybrid Vehicles) In this chapter you learned the basics of classes. Now you’ll begin “fleshing out” aspects of a class called “Hybrid Vehicle.” Hybrid vehicles are becoming increas- inglypopular, because they often get much better mileage than purely gasoline-powered vehicles. Browse the web and study the features of four or five of today’s popular hybrid cars, then list as many
  • 8. Making a Difference 5 5 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ of their hybrid-related attributes as you can. For example, common attributes include city-miles-per- gallon and highway-miles-per-gallon. Also list the attributes of the batteries (type, weight, etc.). • Manufacturer • Type of Hybrid—Battery hybrid (Hybrid Electric Vehicles), Plug-in hybrid, Fuel cell etc. • Driver feedback system—so the driver can monitor fuel efficiency based on their driving • Energy recovery—for example, regenerative breaking • Carbon footprint—tons of CO2 per year • Fuel capacity • City-miles-per-gallon • Highway-miles-per-gallon • Two-mode hybrid propulsion system • Engine size—V6, V8, etc. • Vehicle type—SUV, crossover, compact, mid-size, etc. • Seating capacity • Horse power • Drive train (front wheel drive, all wheel drive) • Top speed • Torque • Price 1.11 (Gender Neutrality) Some people want to eliminate sexism in all forms of communication. You’ve been asked to create a program that can process a paragraph of text and replace gender-spe- cific words with gender-neutral ones. Assuming that you’ve been given a list of gender-specific words and their gender-neutral replacements (e.g., replace “wife” with “spouse,” “man” with “per- son,” “daughter” with “child” and so on), explain the procedure you’d use to read through a para- graph of text and manually perform these replacements. How might your procedure generate a strange term like “woperchild,” which is actually listed in the Urban Dictionary (www.urbandic- tionary.com)? In Chapter 4, you’ll learn that a more formal term for “procedure” is “algorithm,” and that an algorithm specifies the steps to be performed and the order in which to perform them. ANS: Search through the entire paragraph for a word such as “wife” and replace every oc- currence with “spouse.” Repeat this searching process for every gender specific word in the list. You could accidentally get a word like “woperchild” if you are not careful about how you perform replacements. For example, the word “man” can be part of a larger word, like “woman.” So, replacing every occurrence of “man” can yield strange results. Consider the process of replacing “man” with “person” then replacing “son” with “child.” If you encounter the word “woman,” which contains the word “man,” you’d replace “man” with “person” resulting in the word “woperson.” In a subsequent pass you’d encounter “woperson” and replace “son” with “child” result- ing in the “woperchild.” 1.12 (Privacy) Some online e-mail services save all e-mail correspondence for some period of time. Suppose a disgruntled employee of one of these online e-mail services were to post all of the e-mail correspondences for millions of people, including yours, on the Internet. Discuss the issues. 1.13 (Programmer Responsibility and Liability) As a programmer in industry, you may develop software that could affect people’s health or even their lives. Suppose a software bug in one of your programs were to cause a cancer patient to receive an excessive dose during radiation therapy and that the person either was severely injured or died. Discuss the issues.
  • 9. Making a Difference 5 6 Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers and C++ 1.14 (2010 “Flash Crash”) An example of the consequences of our dependency on computers was the so-called “flash crash” which occurred on May 6, 2010, when the U.S. stock market fell pre- cipitously in a matter of minutes, wiping out trillions of dollars of investments, and then recovered within minutes. Use the Internet to investigate the causes of this crash and discuss the issues it raises.
  • 10. Other documents randomly have different content
  • 11. 171 you’re talking about. That’s mighty important news.” “Oh, I do, sir! My father told me all about it just before we left Two Harbors.” There was another pause, during which the hammering outside the door became more insistent. Sandy could hear the lock beginning to give. “That’s very strange, Sandy,” Mr. Kennedy said doubtfully. “I should think I would have heard of it before now.” “You were supposed to, you were supposed to, sir!” Sandy shouted. “That’s what all that hammering’s about, sir. It’s Captain West trying to break into the radio shack. He doesn’t want you to know!” Sandy caught his breath and went on, “I hate to tell you this, sir, but I’m afraid Captain West has been working for Mr. Chadwick and against you.” This time, the silence at the other end was so prolonged that Sandy feared he had been disconnected. At last, Mr. Kennedy spoke again, sadly. “Sandy, a moment ago, you lifted my spirits as they have seldom been lifted. But, just now, you drove them down again with about the worst piece of news I’ve ever heard. Let me speak to Captain West.” Wham! Crrrash! Snap! At that moment, with a blow of demonic strength, the enraged Captain West burst the last shred of the barrier separating him from Sandy Steele.
  • 12. 172 He charged into the room shouting threats and with his eyes shooting sparks of hatred. As he did, Sandy held out the telephone to him, and said, “Mr. Kennedy would like to speak to you.” All of Captain West’s bluster and bravado seemed to vanish at the sight of that tall, blond boy who had stood so unflinchingly in his path and now extended the telephone toward him with that calm announcement. The fight went out of his eyes. The color drained from his face. His powerful shoulders sagged and his whole body seemed to slump. Without a word, Captain West turned and dragged himself from the room. “He doesn’t want to speak to you, sir.” “So it’s true, then! Well, get me someone else in authority, Sandy. Put Mr. Briggs on.” Sandy paused, awkwardly. “I’m sorry, Mr. Kennedy, but I think the mate was working against you, too.” “Oh, Lord, Lord! Am I surrounded by unfaithful employees? Goodness, is there no one on the James Kennedy that I can trust except you, boy? Who else is there in authority?” “There’s Mr. Davis, sir—the next officer. But he’s lost his glasses and can’t see. We’ve just been through a terrible storm, sir.” “Yes, yes, I read about it in the newspapers. But I thought you would be in port at Detroit. Is there no one
  • 13. 173 174 else?” Sandy pondered. Then his face brightened. “There’s Sam and Gunnar.” “Sam! Who on earth is Sam? Oh, no, no—never mind, Sandy. Forget that question. Goodness knows I have good reason to trust your judgment. Put Sam on, whoever he is!” Sandy grinned. “Get Sam up here, Cookie,” he shouted. Then, returning to Mr. Kennedy, he asked, “Anything else, sir?” “Anything else! My goodness, boy—what else is there? For the second time within a week, I find myself in your debt.” Sandy was too embarrassed to make any comment, and Mr. Kennedy rushed on, “I don’t know how to thank you, boy—but I’ll think of something. Remember, you’re to call me the moment you arrive in Buffalo. Both you and your friend. By the way, how is he?” “Jerry? Oh, he’s all right, sir—just a sprained ankle from the storm.” “My goodness! You have had a stormy voyage, haven’t you?” Sandy grinned again, remembering the plunge into Lake Superior to save Cookie, the fire in the galley as the James Kennedy steamed into Lake Huron, that spanking storm on Lake Erie—to say nothing of the combined badgering of Mr. Briggs and Captain West. But Sandy saw no reason to tell Mr. Kennedy exactly how right he
  • 14. 175 was. He just felt good, that was all—so he grinned again and said: “Yes, sir, I guess you could call it a stormy voyage. Here’s Sam.” Sam stepped up and took the telephone from Sandy’s outstretched hand. His manner was hesitant, for he had never spoken to the owner of the line before. His face was grave, but as he listened, his eyes grew wider and wider. Finally, with an expression of amazement and a snappy, “Yes, sir!” he hung up and turned to Sandy and Cookie. “Well, what do you know?” he murmured. “Well, what?” “I’m in charge!” Cookie’s mouth popped open. He began to dance in excitement, flipping his apron in the air. “Hooray for Sam!” he shouted. “Yippee! Yip, yip—yippeee!” “All right, Cookie,” Sam cautioned, laughing. “Take it easy, now. It’s only until we get to Buffalo.” “Who cares?” Cookie yelled. “Let’s celebrate, anyway. I’ll bake a cake!” Both Sandy and Sam had to laugh again at the capering little man. His eyes shone when he promised to bake a cake, but when Sandy reminded him that he would have to do it with burned flour, a sly look came over his face and he pointed an accusing finger at the blond youth and shouted, “It’s all his fault, Skipper! There’s the culprit! That’s the landlubber who burned down my nice, new galley!”
  • 15. 176 Sandy grinned happily. “Honestly, Cookie, you should have been an actor. Why, I almost believed those things you said about me, myself.” His face turned serious. “How did you know about Mr. Briggs and Captain West, anyway?” “I heard ’em talking,” Cookie said simply. “The night of the fire, you put me in the mate’s cabin, remember? Well, it was after they called you in that I overheard them talking about Mr. Kennedy selling out to Chadwick.” Cookie struck his fist into his palm savagely. “Chadwick!” he said. “Me sail on another Chadwicker? I’d sooner die on land! No, sir, Sandy, when I heard that, I knew I had to help you. I told myself I’d swim all the way to Buffalo with you on my back, if it meant blocking that deal.” “But you can’t swim, Cookie.” “No matter,” the little man said grimly. “I’d’ve done it. I’d do anything, before I’d sail a Chadwicker again.” Of course, that unhappy notion was no longer a possibility—not after the scene which took place in Mr. Kennedy’s office several hours after Sandy and Cookie and Sam had gone below to break the news to Jerry James. Mr. Paul Chadwick had arrived and been ushered into Mr. Kennedy’s conference room, where the lawyers of both firms had assembled to handle the details of the sale. Mr. Chadwick came striding in. He was a fat, pompous man with pouches beneath his pale eyes. He had a sharp way of speaking and he ordered his employees around as if he thought they belonged to him, body and soul.
  • 16. 177 “Well, Kennedy,” he shot out as he took a seat at the table, “I presume everything is in readiness?” “Yes, Paul,” Mr. Kennedy said softly. “Everything is set.” “Good. All right, Cogswell,” he snapped, turning to one of his lawyers. “Let’s have the papers. Quick, man! The papers. Don’t dawdle like a kindergarten child; give me the papers!” Red-faced, the lawyer pulled a legal-looking document from his brief case and passed it to Mr. Chadwick. In the embarrassed silence that followed, the only sound that could be heard was the scratching of Mr. Chadwick’s pen as he hurriedly signed his name. “Here, John,” he said grandly, passing the document across the table. “Now, you sign right there. And, then, the Kennedy boats will belong to me.” “I think not, Paul,” Mr. Kennedy said easily as he accepted the papers and tore them swiftly in two. “I think they’ll still belong to me.” He handed the torn contract back to his astounded shipping rival. Mr. Chadwick stared at the pieces in disbelief. “But this is preposterous!” he shouted. “You can’t do this to me! You agreed to sell, Kennedy. Why, why,” he spluttered, his cheeks puffing out like a frog’s, “why, I’ll sue!” “Go ahead, Paul,” Mr. Kennedy said, getting to his feet. “And, by the way, you may be getting busy soon, shipping all that new, high-grade ore down from the Mesabi—as I expect to—and you may find yourself in
  • 17. 178 need of a skipper or a mate.” He smiled. “I know just the men for you, Paul. Fine, dependable men—men like Captain West or Mr. Briggs.” A shadow of dismay passed over Mr. Chadwick’s pale eyes. Without a word, he jumped to his feet and hurried from the room.
  • 18. 179 CHAPTER FIFTEEN Safe in Port That night, under a star-dusted sky, with the lights of Buffalo to guide her and beckon her on, the battered James Kennedy limped into port. And waiting to greet her, in addition to her owner and his personal physician, was a throng of chattering newspaper reporters and photographers. The tale of the James Kennedy’s ordeal at sea had preceded her. Even as the vessel was slowly warped into her berth, photographers raced alongside her in excitement- eagerly snapping pictures of her damaged superstructure with its wrecked pilothouse. The flashing of their light bulbs added to the general air of excitement. The moment the ship was securely in port, the newspapermen came hurrying up the gangplank. “Where’s the skipper?” they shouted. “Where’s Captain West?” “There he is!” one of them shouted in dismay. “He’s gone ashore already.”
  • 19. 180 True enough. The moment the newshawks had come aboard the James Kennedy and spilled over her decks, Captain West had seized the chance to slip down the gangplank. Now he was hastening out of sight. He all but broke into a run when he heard the yell of the newsman who had identified him. But he slowed again when he saw that his path would take him past Mr. John Kennedy, the employer he had attempted to betray. His step faltered. He tried to lift his eyes to the level of Mr. Kennedy’s, to brazen it out. But he could not. His gaze fell. He slunk by and disappeared in the darkness. With a heavy sigh, Mr. Kennedy turned to the man beside him and said, “Come, Doctor—we’d better have a look at that James boy.” The two men made their way up the gangplank. “Sandy!” Mr. Kennedy exclaimed, when he caught sight of the tall, blond youth standing at the head of the ramp. “Goodness, boy, I’m certainly glad to see you.” His face took on a worried look and his eyes searched Sandy Steele’s lanky frame. “You’re all right, aren’t you, boy? I mean, I certainly wouldn’t want John Steele holding me responsible for—” “Oh, I’m fine, sir,” Sandy said, smiling. “Just a bit hungry, that’s all.” “We’ll fix that soon enough,” Mr. Kennedy vowed. “But let’s have a look at your friend first. Where is he?” “Down below, sir. Here, I’ll lead the way.”
  • 20. 181 Sandy and Mr. Kennedy and the physician, whose name was Dr. Hilliard, disappeared down the hatch. As they did, a tall, thin, furtive figure crept around the cabin. It glanced around fearfully, before sneaking down the gangplank and running up the wharf. It was Mr. Briggs. Below, meanwhile, Dr. Hilliard had gently unwrapped the torn sheets bound around Jerry James’s ankle. He studied the injured member with professional concern. Both Jerry and Sandy watched his face anxiously, for both of them were thinking of the football season that lay ahead. “John,” Dr. Hilliard said, with mock gravity, “if they had more people like this young oak stump around, I’d be out of business.” “Hooray!” Sandy cried, and Jerry James grinned with delight. “Of course,” the doctor hurried on, “you’ll need a cane for a week or two, young man. But otherwise I’d say you’re none the worse for wear.” At that remark, Jerry winked at his friend. He rubbed his stomach sorrowfully. “Outside of being hungry, Doctor, I’d say—” Mr. Kennedy broke in. “Boys,” he said, glancing at his watch, “I promise you that in fifteen minutes you will be in my dining room sitting down to the best meal that was ever served up in Buffalo.”
  • 21. 182 And they were. Less than a week later, the two friends were back on the Great Lakes again—bound for Minnesota once more, this time to ship aboard a load of grain. They had had a wonderful time as the guests of Mr. Kennedy. They saw all the sights of Buffalo, including Niagara Falls, that great escarpment over which Lake Erie plunges, and they had crossed the Peace Bridge into Canada to have one of those famous beefsteaks at the Chinaman’s in Fort Erie. Then, after Dr. Hilliard had pronounced Jerry James fit to walk again without the use of his cane, they had taken ship again. Their vessel was now the Cecil Rogers (almost all Great Lakes boats are named for shipping leaders), for the beloved old James Kennedy was in drydock undergoing extensive repairs. And their new skipper was? “Sam!” the two youths cried as they came aboard. Sure enough, it was their old friend, and there was Cookie, too, grinning at them from over the rail. And there was Gunnar towering behind him! “Boys,” Sam said, chuckling, “meet my mate.” There were shouts of jubilation and hand-shaking all around as Sandy and Jerry got their gear aboard ship and into their quarters. This time, they had a room twice as large as the rathole they had shared on the James Kennedy. And this time, aboard the Cecil Rogers, they shipped as deck hands.
  • 22. 183 184 “No more galley slavery for us,” Jerry exclaimed, and Sandy nodded in agreement. That was how the two lads from Valley View passed the remainder of that summer. They sailed up and down the Lakes, as the Cecil Rogers hauled its cargoes of ore, grain and coal. Sometimes they made Canadian ports, and once they passed through the Welland Ship Canal into Lake Ontario, the lake that lies the farthest east. At last came the sad day when they had to reclaim Old Faithful from the hands of Sandy’s dad and say goodbye to their friends. School would reopen in another week, and they had to be heading west. “Gootpy, poys,” Gunnar called from the rail, as Jerry’s jalopy began to chug away from the loading dock where the Cecil Rogers lay. “Haf goot trip.” “Send us a picture of your football team,” Cookie yelled, and Sam shouted, “Keep your chin up, boys. Maybe we’ll see you next summer.” “Goodbye, goodbye,” Sandy Steele and Jerry James cried, and then they were out of sight.
  • 23. 185 CHAPTER SIXTEEN Summer’s End There was a hint of autumn in the air as Jerry James swung Old Faithful off the highway and up the ramp leading to Valley View. Both boys felt a deep surge of pleasure run through them as they picked out the familiar landmarks that told them they had come home again. The dusty old jalopy rolled along Ridge Road and past the March mansion. “Doesn’t look like anybody’s home,” Sandy said. “That’s what I thought,” said Jerry. “I wonder what happened to our friend Pepper.” Sandy shrugged. “I don’t know. But it sure was good spending all those weeks without him. Jerry!” he yelled. “Did you hear that?” Jerry James had, and his eyes sparkled with delight. What the two boys had heard was the unmistakable thud of a foot meeting pigskin!
  • 24. 186 “Boy!” Sandy said. “I can hardly wait for school to open. Sounds funny, I know, but if the fall means school, it means football, too!” “You bet, Sandy. The only thing I missed on the Great Lakes was not having a chance to practice.” “Oh, we’ll be all right. At least, we stayed in shape.” They had. They were as hard as the decks of the James Kennedy and their bodies were burned the color of walnut. “Well, here we are,” Sandy said, as Old Faithful swung into his street. Jerry nodded. In another instant, he had mechanically lifted his foot from the gas pedal, as he always did when he approached Sandy’s house, and the jalopy had begun to slow down. Grasping his jam- packed suitcase in one hand, Sandy Steele vaulted lightly to the pavement. “See you tonight at the drugstore, Jerry,” he called, and then he turned and ran into the house. “Mom!” Sandy Steele called as the screen door slammed shut behind him. “Mom! It’s me. Sandy. I’m home!” The whole crowd from Valley View High had gathered at the James drugstore that night, and, of course, most of the talk was about how the school’s football team would fare in the league competition that season, and especially how its heroes stacked up against those from the arch rivals in Poplar City. As usual, Quiz Taylor was the center of a crowd as he spieled off the weight, height and past season’s record
  • 25. 187 of nearly all the boys who would be playing for Poplar City in the coming fall. “Honestly, fellows,” he said, his round face gloomy, “I don’t see how we can beat them. Of course, we have Jerry and Sandy, but we don’t have a runner to compare with their fullback, Tomkins.” “What about Pepper March?” someone asked. “He scored six touchdowns for Valley View last year.” “Yes, Quiz,” Sandy said. “What about Pepper? Where is he, anyway? You’d think he’d be here, the night before school opens.” Quiz Taylor began to shake with laughter. “D-didn’t you hear about Pepper?” he sputtered, his face crinkling with merriment. “Haven’t you heard about what happened to Stanley Peperdine March?” “No. What happened?” “Yeah, Quiz,” someone else said. “Cut the comedy, and let us in on the joke, too.” Still chuckling, Quiz Taylor said, “Pepper won’t be home for another two weeks. A couple of the sailors aboard that ship they were on came down with one of those rare, tropical diseases. Pepper and his father had to spend the summer in quarantine.” There was a roar of laughter at the expense of the unpopular Pepper. Sandy Steele turned to his friend and said, “Well, Jerry, we may have had a stormy voyage, but I’ll bet we had a
  • 26. better summer than Pepper did.”
  • 27. Transcriber’s Notes Copyright notice provided as in the original—this e-text is public domain in the country of publication. Silently corrected obvious typographical errors; left non- standard spellings and dialect unchanged.
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