System
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A system is an organized grouping of interdependent components that work together to achieve a common objective. Key characteristics of systems include being organized, having interacting components, and prioritizing overall objectives over individual parts. There are various types of systems like dynamic, static, open, and closed systems. An information system uses hardware, software, networks and data to collect, process and distribute information within an organization to support business operations and managerial decision making. It involves input, processing, output, storage and control of data and information.
System
- 1. SYSTEM
- 2. SYSTEM Derived from Greek word 'Systema'. Means an organised relationship among functional units or components. A group of interdependent items that interact regularly to perform a task. A computer system refers to the hardware and software components that run a computer or computers.
- 3. Definition A system is an orderly grouping of interdependent components linked together according to a plan to achieve a specific objective. System has 3 basic implications - A predetermined objective - Interelationship and interdependence among the components. - Objectives of the organisation have a higher priority than that of components.
- 4. SYSTEM Input Output Processing
- 5. Characteristics of a system Organised : Well structured arrangement of components Interaction:Manner in which each component interact with each other Interdependence:Dependence of one subsystem on one or more subsystems Integration: Functional integrity of the subcomponents and the system as a whole Central Objective:Goal of the organization
- 6. Elements of a system • Inputs and Outputs • Constraint • Processors • Control • Feedback • Environment • Boundaries and Interface
- 7. Types of System A dynamic system is a system that is constantly changing, like the human body system. A static system is a system in which there is no change, like the solar system. Dynamic systems tend to become static or attain a state of equilibrium. e.g. if a car is assumed to be a dynamic system, then it requires fuel to continue moving forward or else it would come to a stop and become static.
- 8. Open Systems Interaction across boundaries Recieves and delivers input and output to the outside world. Adapts the changing demands of the user.
- 9. Characteristics of open systems • Input from outside • Entropy Process output to outside world Equifinality
- 10. CLOSED SYSTEM Isolated from environmental influences Completely closed system is rare
- 11. Logical and Physical system description Logical system description Description of a system that focuses on the system function and purpose without regard to how the system will physically implemented Physical system description Description of a system that focuses on the how the system will be materially constructed
- 12. INFORMATION SYSTEMS Information system is an organised combination of people, hardware,software, communication, networks and data resources that collects, transforms and disseminates information in an organisation.
- 13. COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS DATA PEOPLE HARDWARE SOFTWARE NETWORKS
- 15. TYPES OF INFORMATION SYSTEM FORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM INFORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM COMPUTER BASED INFORMATION SYSTEM
- 16. FORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM Based on an organisation chart There will be a pattern of authority, communication and work flow. Information is in the form of reports, instructions, memos.
- 17. INFORMAL INFORMATION SYSTEM • Designed to achieve company goal • Employee based system
- 18. COMPUTER BASED SYSTEM Depends on computer system for business handling and problem solving Structured problem -Definite format, definite solution
- 19. ROLE OF INFORMATION SYSTEM Support of business operations Support of managerial decision making Support of Strategic competitive advantage
- 20. INFORMATION SYSTEM ACTIVITIES Input of data resources Data entry activities Recording and editing of data Processing of data into information Calculating, comparing, sorting, classifying, summarizing Output of information products In the form of messages,reports,forms, graphs etc
- 21. Storage of data resources Basic system component of information systems. Stored data in the form of records, files databases . Control of System performance Monitoring and evaluating the feedback.