System software lecture infs429
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This document provides an overview of system software, including operating systems and utility programs. It defines system software and describes the main functions of operating systems, such as starting up and shutting down computers, providing user interfaces, managing memory, and establishing internet connections. Several examples of stand-alone operating systems for desktop computers are given, including Windows, Mac OS X, Linux, and UNIX. Server operating systems and embedded operating systems are also briefly outlined. Finally, common utility programs are summarized, such as file managers, disk cleaners, backup utilities, and screen savers.
System software lecture infs429
- 1. Programming of Information Systems INFS 429 System Software Email: jqazasoo@gmail.com Lecturer: Julius Q. AZASOO
- 2. Objectives Overview Define system software and identify the two types of system software Describe the functions of an operating system Summarize the startup process on a personal computer Summarize the features of several stand-alone operating systems Briefly describe various server operating systems Summarize the features of several embedded operating systems Explain the purpose of several utility programs Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 2
- 3. Hardware Operating System Utility Language Translator Device Driver Scientific Apps. Business Apps. Productivity Apps. Entertainment Apps. System software Application software Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 3
- 4. System Software System software consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of the computer and its devices Operating systems Utility Programs Programing of Information Page 169 System 2014 (INFS429) 4
- 5. Operating Systems An operating system (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 5 Start and shut down a computer Provide a user interface Manage programs Manage memory Coordinate tasks Configure devices Establish an Internet connection Monitor performance Provide utilities Automatically update Control a network Administer security
- 6. Operating Systems Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 6
- 7. Operating System Functions The process of starting or restarting a computer is called booting Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 7 Cold boot •Turning on a computer that has been powered off completely Warm boot •Using the operating system to restart a computer
- 8. Operating System Functions Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 8
- 9. Operating System Functions A boot drive is the drive from which your computer starts •You can boot from a boot disk •A recovery disk contains a few system files that will start the computer Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 9
- 10. Operating System Functions An operating system includes various shut down options Sleep mode saves any open documents and programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and then places the computer in a low-power state Hibernate saves any open documents and programs to a hard disk before removing power from the computer Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 10
- 11. Operating System Functions A user interface controls how you enter data and instructions and how information is displayed on the screen With a graphical user interface (GUI), you interact with menus and visual images Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 11
- 12. Operating System Functions With a command-line interface, a user uses the keyboard to enter data and instructions Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 12
- 13. Operating System Functions How an operating system handles programs directly affects your productivity Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 13 Single user and multiuser Single tasking and multitasking Foreground and background Preemptive multitasking Multiprocessing
- 14. Operating System Functions Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 14
- 15. Operating System Functions Memory management optimizes the use of RAM Virtual memory is a portion of a storage medium functioning as additional RAM Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 15
- 16. Operating System Functions The operating system determines the order in which tasks are processed Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 16
- 17. Operating System Functions Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 17
- 18. Operating System Functions Operating systems typically provide a means to establish Internet connections Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 18
- 19. Operating System Functions A performance monitor is a program that assesses and reports information about various computer resources and devices Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 19
- 20. Operating System Functions Operating systems often provide users with the capability of: Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 20 Managing files Searching for files Viewing images Securing a computer Uninstalling programs Cleaning up disks Defragmenting disks Diagnosing problems Backing up files and disks Setting up screen savers
- 21. Operating System Functions Automatic update automatically provides updates to the program Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 21
- 22. Operating System Functions Some operating systems are designed to work with a server on a network A server operating system organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on a network A network administrator uses the server operating system to: Add and remove users, computers, and other devices Install software and administer network security Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 22
- 23. Operating System Functions Each user has a user account A user name, or user ID, identifies a specific user A password is a private combination of characters associated with the user name Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 23
- 24. Types of Operating Systems Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 24
- 25. Stand-Alone Operating Systems A stand-alone operating system is a complete operating system that works on a desktop computer, notebook computer, or mobile computing device Windows 7 Mac OS X UNIX Linux Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 25
- 26. Stand-Alone Operating Systems Windows 8 is Microsoft’s latest OS. Windows 7 was the last known fastest, most efficient operating system and is available in multiple editions: Windows 7 Starter Windows 7 Home Premium Windows 7 Ultimate Windows 7 Professional Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 26
- 27. Stand-Alone Operating Systems Windows 7 provides programs such as: Windows Firewall Windows DVD Maker Windows Media Player Desktop Gadget Gallery Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 27
- 28. Stand-Alone Operating Systems Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 28
- 29. Stand-Alone Operating Systems Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 29
- 30. Stand-Alone Operating Systems The Macintosh operating system has set the standard for operating system ease of use Latest version is Mac OS X Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 30
- 31. Stand-Alone Operating Systems UNIX is a multitasking operating system developed in the early 1970s Linux is an open-source, popular, multitasking UNIX-type operating system Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 31
- 32. Server Operating Systems Windows Server 2008 UNIX Linux Solaris NetWare Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 32
- 33. Server Operating Systems Windows Server 2008 is an upgrade to Windows Server 2003 Part of the Windows Server 2008 family Multiple editions Most editions include Hyper-V, a virtualization technology Virtualization is the practice of sharing or pooling computing resources Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 33
- 34. Embedded Operating Systems An embedded operating system resides on a ROM chip on a mobile device or consumer electronic device Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 34 Windows Embedded CE Windows Phone 7 Palm OS iPhone OS BlackBerry Google Android Embedded Linux Symbian OS
- 35. Embedded Operating Systems Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 35
- 36. Utility Programs A utility program is a type of system software that allows a user to perform maintenance-type tasks Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 36
- 37. Utility Programs A file manager is a utility that performs functions related to file management Displaying a list of files Organizing files in folders Copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files and folders Creating shortcuts Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 37
- 38. Utility Programs A search utility is a program that attempts to locate a file on your computer based on criteria you specify Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 38
- 39. Utility Programs An image viewer allows users to display, copy, and print the contents of a graphics file An uninstaller removes a program, as well as any associated entries in the system files Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 39
- 40. Utility Programs A disk cleanup utility searches for and removes unnecessary files Downloaded program files Temporary Internet files Deleted files Unused program files Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 40
- 41. Utility Programs A disk defragmenter reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer’s hard disk so that the operating system accesses data more quickly and programs run faster Defragmenting Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 41
- 42. Utility Programs A backup utility allows users to copy files to another storage medium A restore utility reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original form Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 42
- 43. Utility Programs A screen saver causes a display device’s screen to show a moving image or blank screen if no activity occurs for a specified time A personal firewall detects and protects a personal computer from unauthorized intrusions Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 43
- 44. Utility Programs A virus describes a potentially damaging computer program that affects a computer negatively A worm copies itself repeatedly in memory or over a network A Trojan horse hides within or looks like a legitimate program An antivirus program protects a computer against viruses Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 44
- 45. Free Online Antivirus Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 45
- 46. Utility Programs Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 46
- 47. Utility Programs Spyware is a program placed on a computer without the user’s knowledge that secretly collects information about the user • A spyware remover detects and deletes spyware and other similar programs Adware displays an online advertisement in a banner or pop-up window • An adware remover is a program that detects and deletes adware Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 47
- 48. Utility Programs Filters are programs that remove or block certain items from being displayed Web filtering software Anti-spam programs Phishing filters Pop-up blockers Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 48
- 49. Utility Programs A file compression utility shrinks the size of a file(s) Compressing files frees up room on the storage media Two types of compression Lossy Lossless Compressed files sometimes are called zipped files Can be uncompressed Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 49
- 50. Utility Programs A media player allows you to view images and animation, listen to audio, and watch video files on your computer Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 50
- 51. Utility Programs Disc burning software writes text, graphics, audio, and video files on a recordable or rewritable optical disc Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 51
- 52. Utility Programs A personal computer maintenance utility identifies and fixes operating system problems, detects and repairs disk problems, and includes the capability of improving a computer’s performance Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 52
- 53. Summary Definition of an operating system Functions common to most operating systems Variety of stand-alone operating systems, server operating systems, and embedded operating systems Several utility programs Programing of Information System 2014 (INFS429) 53