c++ programming Unit 1 introduction to c++
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The document provides an introduction to C++, a high-level programming language developed by Bjarne Stroustrup in the early 1980s. It discusses key concepts such as programming languages, language processors, character sets, tokens, keywords, identifiers, literals, punctuation, and operators. The document emphasizes the structure and rules of the C++ language, such as case sensitivity and the use of various types of tokens.
![C++ CHARACTER SET
Character sets are the characters used to write a
language.
Characters A-Z, a-z.
Digits 0-9.
Special Symbols {} [] () ; : “ ‘ < > ? & # ~ | / etc.
White spaces, new line characters .
Besides all these C++ has 256 ASCII characters.
ASCII- American Standard Code for Information
Interchange AAKASH KAUSHIK
9891983083,9289817971](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/unit1-introductiontoc-140915235221-phpapp02/85/c-programming-Unit-1-introduction-to-c-8-320.jpg)
![PUNTUATORS/SEPARATORS
PUNTUATORS ARE USED TO SEPARATE TOKENS
WITHIN A PROGRAM. THE VARIOUS
PUNUATORS ARE:
{} [] () : ; , etc.
AAKASH KAUSHIK
9891983083,9289817971](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/unit1-introductiontoc-140915235221-phpapp02/85/c-programming-Unit-1-introduction-to-c-17-320.jpg)
c++ programming Unit 1 introduction to c++
- 1. C++ Language By:-AAKASH KAUSHIK #9289817971, 98919893083 Email-theaakashkumar@gmail.com AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 2. UNIT -1 INTRODUCTION TO C++ AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 3. INTRODUCTION C++ IS A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE DEVELOPED BY BJARNE STROUSTRUP IN EARLY 1980’S AT AT&T BELL LABORATORIES, USA. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 4. LANGUAGE Language is way to communicate with each other AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 5. PROGRAM A PROGRAM IS A SET/SEQUENCE OF COMMANDS AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 6. COMPUTER LANGUAGE AND MACHINE LANGUAGE BINARY LANGUAGE/MACHINE LANGUAGE/LOW LEVEL LANGUAGE Computer is an electronic device at its core level it works on Binary Language i.e., 0,1 or high & low. Everything in computer is stored in LLL. HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE Programming languages like JAVA,C,C++ are called HLL. Code of all these language are written in English language. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 7. LANGUAGE PROCESSORS ASSEMBLOR- Converts Assembly language into machine language INTERPRETER-Converts HLL to LLL and vice versa. It performs conversion in line by line manner and notifies if any error is detected & stops it’s conversion until that error is rectified COMPILER-Converts HLL to LLL and vice versa. It converts the whole program in one go and notifies all the errors at the same time AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 8. C++ CHARACTER SET Character sets are the characters used to write a language. Characters A-Z, a-z. Digits 0-9. Special Symbols {} [] () ; : “ ‘ < > ? & # ~ | / etc. White spaces, new line characters . Besides all these C++ has 256 ASCII characters. ASCII- American Standard Code for Information Interchange AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 9. TOKENS/LEXICAL UNITS When the compiler is processing the source code of a program, each group of characters separated by white spaces is called a token. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 10. C++ Allows 5 Types Of Tokens 1. KEYWORDS 2. IDENTIFIERS 3. LITERALS/CONSTANTS 4. PUNTUATORS/SEPARATORS 5. OPERATORS AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 11. KEYWORDS KEYWORDS ( also known as specially reserved words) CONVEYS A SPECIAL MEANING TO COMPILER. KEYWORDS are always typed in short(lower) case. They are reserved by the language for special purpose and can’t be redefined as an IDENTIFIER. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 12. LIST OF KEYWORDS AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 13. IDENTIFIERS IDENTIFIERS ARE THE NAMES GIVEN BY THE PROGRAMMER TO DIFFERENT BLOCKS, PARTS OF A PROGRAM TO IDENTIFY THEM. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 14. RULES/CONVENTIONS FOR DEFINING IDENTIFIERS It can contain characters(A-Z, a-z),Digits(0- 9), & only one special symbol called underscore(_). First letter must be a character (A-Z, a-z) or underscore(_). No commas or blank spaces allowed. C++ IS A CASE SENSITIVE LANGUAGE i.e., Upper case and Lower case characters are different. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 15. LITERALS/CONSTANTS LITERALS AND CONSTANTS ARE THOSE TOKENS WHOSE VALUES DON’T CHANGE DURING THE PROGRAM EXECUTION. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 16. LITERALS/CONSTANTS INTEGER CONSTANT complete rounded off numbers are called integer constants for ex :- 540, 2, 98 etc. REAL/FLOAT CONSTANTS Numbers with decimal point are called Real/Float literals for ex :- 2.5, 0.54, 45.98 etc. CHARACTER CONSTANTS Single character enclosed within single quotes(‘ ’) are called character constants for ex :- ‘A’, ‘B’, ‘d’ etc. STRING CONSTANTS Group of characters enclosed within double quotes(“ “) are called string literals for ex :- “programming” “language” etc. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 17. PUNTUATORS/SEPARATORS PUNTUATORS ARE USED TO SEPARATE TOKENS WITHIN A PROGRAM. THE VARIOUS PUNUATORS ARE: {} [] () : ; , etc. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 18. OPERATORS OPERATORS OPERATES ON SOME DATA TO GIVE RESULTS For ex :- A+B=C Here A, B are operand and + is the operator which produces C as a result of addition of A and B. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 19. OPERATORS Various operators in C++ are Arithmetic operators +,-,*,/,% Relational operators Logical operators Increment/Decrement Operators Conditional Operators We will discuss operators in depth later in Unit-4 Operators & expressions. AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971
- 20. THANK YOU AAKASH KAUSHIK 9891983083,9289817971