UNIT II - Lesson 2 - Types of Speech Act
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The document appears to be an educational resource discussing speech acts and their classifications, including locutionary, illocutionary, and perlocutionary acts, alongside direct and indirect speech acts. It also covers performative utterances, which can change situations by being stated correctly and by the right person. Additionally, various examples and types of speech acts such as assertive, directive, commissive, expressive, and declaration are provided, emphasizing the interplay between language and social actions.
UNIT II - Lesson 2 - Types of Speech Act
- 1. REIMUEL M. BISNAR Teacher I Certified Microsoft Innovative Educator Educator Community Contributor & Influencer
- 2. Let’s Warm Up Direction: Choose the letter of your answer. 1. Consider the phrase: “ I now declare Martial Law.” Who among the following can say this phrase and make martial law actually happen? a. President of the country b. My pregnant neighbor c. A retired veterinarian d. A famous rock star
- 3. Let’s Warm Up Direction: Choose the letter of your answer. 2. What do you think does the speaker mean when he/she says, “Can you open the door?” a. The speaker wants to know if I have the ability to open the door. b. The speaker is requesting me to open the door. c. The speaker does not make sense. d. The speaker is asking me a question.
- 4. Let’s Warm Up Direction: Choose the letter of your answer. 3. You and your friend who has a fever enter your room. She shivers and tells you, “It’s cold in here!” How would you interpret what she said? a. She feels cold. b. She wants me to increase the temperature in the room. c. She does not feel well because of the cold. d. She is complimenting the temperature in my room.
- 5. Let’s Warm Up Direction: Choose the letter of your answer. 4. Based on the scenario in item number 3, what would your next action be? a. I will thank my friend. b. I will agree with her and say that the room is cold. c. I will increase the temperature to decrease the coldness. d. I will ignore my friend.
- 6. Let’s Warm Up Direction: Choose the letter of your answer. 5. In which of the following statements is the speaker making a commitment? a. “I checked her Facebook profile yesterday.” b. “I’m in love and I’m happy.” c. “I promise to love you for better or for worse.” d. “I think following my suggestion will get us a high grade.”
- 7. Let’s Work and Learn Video 1: https://www.youtube.com /watch?v=hpZFctBUHQ
- 8. Let’s Work and Learn Video 1: https://www.youtube.com /watch?v=hpZFctBUHQ
- 9. Let’s Work and Learn What greeting is used by the customer service agent?
- 10. A speech act is an utterance that a speaker makes to achieve and intended effect. Some functions carried out using speech act: • offering an apology • greeting • request • complaint • invitation • compliment • refusal
- 11. This was according to John Langshaw Austin (1962), a philosopher and the developer of the Speech Act Theory.
- 12. 1. LOCUTIONARY ACT is the actual act of uttering. “UTTERANCE ” “Please do the dishes.”
- 13. 2. ILLOCUTIONARY ACT is the social function of what is said. “ITENTION” By uttering the locution “Please do the dishes.” the speaker requests the addressee to wash the dishes.
- 14. 3. PERLOCUTIONAR Y ACT is the resulting act of what is said. This effect is based on the particular context in which the speech act was mentioned. “RESPONSE” “Please do the dishes” would lead to the addressee washing the dishes.
- 15. There are also indirect speech acts which occur when there is no direct connection between the form of the utterance and intended meaning. TYPES OF SPEECH ACT
- 16. “Can you pass the rice?” INDIRECT SPEECH ACTS Inferred speech act: Do you have the ability to hand over the rice? Indirect speech act: Please pass the rice.
- 17. Austin also introduced the concept of PERFORMATIVE UTTERANCES -statements which enable the speaker to perform something just by stating it. - said by the right person under the right circumstances results in a change in the world. - note that certain conditions have TYPES OF SPEECH ACT
- 18. For example, the phrase “I now pronounce you husband and wife,” when uttered by an authorized person such as judge or priest will have the actual effect of binding a couple in marriage. PERFORMATIVE UTTERANCES
- 19. a. ‘I do (sc. take this woman to be my lawful wedded wife)’ – as uttered in the course of the marriage ceremony. b. ‘I name this ship the Queen Elizabeth’ – accompanied by the smashing of a bottle against the hull of the ship. c. ‘I give and bequeath my watch to my brother’ – as occurring in a will.
- 22. ASSERTIVE The speaker expresses belief about the truth of proposition. Acts: suggesting, putting forward, swearing, boasting, and concluding
- 23. Example: “No one makes better pancakes than I do.”
- 24. DIRECTIVE The speaker tries to make the addressee perform an action. Acts: asking, ordering, requesting, inviting, advising, and begging
- 26. COmmissive Commits the speaker to doing something in the future. Acts: promising, planning, vowing, and betting.
- 27. EXAMPLE “From now on, I will participate in our group activity.”
- 28. EXPRESSIVE The speaker expresses his/her feelings or emotional reactions. Acts: thanking, apologizing, welcoming, and deploring.
- 29. EXAMPLE “I am so sorry for not helping out in our group projects and letting you do all the work.”
- 30. DECLARATION A change in the external situation. Acts: blessing, firing, baptizing, bidding, passing a sentence, and excommunicating.
- 32. By saying that someone is fired, an employer causes or brings about the person’s unemployment, thus changing his external situation
- 33. • Constatives • Constative utterances describe states of affairs which are either true or false. They are utterances which describe the world and in so doing ascertain or state something. Constatives mostly (though not necessarily) have the form of declarative sentences, they refer to the act of saying something, and, as mentioned above, they are truth-evaluable or at least purport to describe reality (cf. Petrey 1990:4). • Examples of Constatives Snow is white. (true) • Snow is red. (false)
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