Writing skills the principles
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The document discusses principles of effective modern writing. It emphasizes writing in a clear, simple and concise manner. Some key tips include using shorter words, putting important information at the beginning of sentences, using active verbs, avoiding redundant words, and being careful with jargon. Well-structured paragraphs with a clear topic sentence and varied sentence structures are also important for readability and understanding.
Writing skills the principles
- 1. Writing skills: the principles Ritesh Chaudhary
- 2. Modern writing principles Texts should be clear Communicating
- 4. Effective Writing • What precisely is the central issue? • To what degree does the audience understand the issues and terminology? • What are the main ideas that need to be expressed and which ideas can be left out? • How are you going to structure your text so that they are consistent and clear?
- 5. Clear, simple, concise • Before: High-quality learning environments are a necessary precondition for facilitation and enhancement of the ongoing learning process. • After: Children need good schools if they are to learn properly. Communicating Europe 2014 Clear, simple, concise • Before: High-quality learning environments are a necessary precondition for facilitation and enhancement of the ongoing learning process. • After: Children need good schools if they are to learn properly. Communicating Europe 2014
- 6. Clear, simple, concise • Before If there are any points on which you require explanation or further particulars we shall be glad to furnish such additional details as may be required by telephone. • After If you have any questions, please ring.
- 7. Part-02 Your readers Who are you writing for?
- 8. Types of reading • Skim reading: general understanding • Scan reading: looking for one specific item • Reading for detail: to understand exact arguments, position, points
- 9. Good and not so good readers Efficient Has a clear purpose Reads multi-word phrases Visualizes ideas Has a sufficient vocabulary Sorts ideas into critical, interesting or trash Inefficient •Has not decided on aim •Reads words in isolation •Reads every word •Lip reads / vocalises •Unfamiliar with key •vocabulary •Does not make notes •Reads everything
- 10. Writing tips Eight essential tips to more effective writing Writing tips Eight essential tips to more effective writing
- 11. Writing Tips Eight essential tips to more effective writing Tip-I Use shorter, simpler words Tip-II Put important information at the beginning Tip-III Use verbs that carry meaning Tip-IV Use verbs that carry meaning Tip-V Avoid redundant words Tip-VI Avoid starting sentences with the gerund (ing form) Tip-VII Avoid starting sentences with the gerund (ing form) Tip-VI Tip-VIII Be careful with jargon
- 12. Tip 1 Use shorter, simpler words • Our experts postulate that the evidence is conclusive in supporting our assertion. • Our experts claim that the evidence supports our idea.
- 13. Tip 2 Put important information at the beginning • Even with the differences of opinions, the members of the working groups agreed to conclude the negotiation. • Members of the working group agreed to conclude the negotiation despite some differences in opinion.
- 14. Tip 3 Use verbs that carry meaning • Please do an invoice and send it to the project lead partner. • Please invoice the project lead partner.
- 15. Tip 4 Use active sentences • Such revision procedures should be achieved at the shortest possible delay possible by the secretariat. • The secretariat should revise the procedures as soon as possible.
- 16. Tip 5 Avoid redundant words • Due to the ongoing , not yet conclusive, discussions we will need to delay the decision • We will need to delay the decision due to ongoing discussions
- 17. Redundant or not? • When is it necessary to include two words that mean the same thing? “Our processes are efficient and effective” Question - Is it necessary to include both the process and the outcome?
- 18. Tip 6 Avoid starting sentences with the gerund (ing form) • Being aware of the president’s negative opinion we have prepared a statement • We have prepared a statement as we are aware of the president’s negative opinion
- 19. Sentences should be simple Subject + Verb + Object S + V + O
- 20. Tip 7 Minimize use of meaningless phrases • Basically, the fundamental problem is capacity • The main problem is capacity
- 21. Tip 8 Be careful with jargon • This programme provides funding for beneficiaries from third countries • The aim is to mainstream these ideas into regional policy initiatives • The project actions need to be executed by next month
- 22. Recap • Use shorter simple words • Put important information at the beginning • Use verbs that carry meaning • Use active verbs and sentences • Avoid redundant words and phrases • Avoid starting sentences with gerund (ing forms) • Minimize use of meaningless phrases • Avoid jargon and institutional language
- 23. Readability • On-line Utility tool to assess the readability of your documents
- 24. Paragraphs and sentences Structure – the importance of paragraphs and sentences
- 25. Paragraphs: the big idea •Paragraphs have a big idea. They should start with a topic sentence. •A topic sentence helps the reader understand the focus of the paragraph. •A topic sentence allows reader to ‘skim’ the entire text for general meaning.
- 26. Sentences Sentences contain one idea They should have a simple structure Subject + Verb + Object Sentences can have up to two clauses which are separated by a comma
- 27. Sentences and clauses Defining relative clause An agreement that encourages a risk based approach for regulations is paramount. Non defining relative clause An agreement that encourages a risk based approach for regulations, based on principles of sound science, risk assessment and risk management, and transparency is paramount.
- 28. Dr. Ritesh Chaudhary Associate Professor School of Media Journalism & Film Making Himgiri Zee University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India Email: ritesh.chaudhary22@gmail.com Mobile: +91-9936825689