Zero and First conditional
- 1. 1 ZERO AND FIRST CONDITIONAL ZERO CONDITIONAL (1): CERTAINTY It is used to talk about real or possible situations which are always true. The result of the condition is an absolute certainty. The important thing about the zero conditional is that the condition always has the same result. 2 IF CONDITION RESULT PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE If you heat ice it melts. If it rains I stay at home. If I miss the 8 o'clock bus I am late for work. If water reaches 100 degrees it always boils. ZERO CONDITIONAL (2) RESULT IF/WHEN CONDITION I am late for work if/when I miss the 8 o’clock bus. The ice melts if/when you heat it. My boss gets angry if/when I’m late for work. Water always boils if/when reaches 100 degrees. You get purple if/when you mix red and blue. 3 The zero conditional is used to make statements about the real world, and often refers to general truths, such as scientific facts. 4 Zero conditional. MAKE SENTENCES: 1)(not / rain / the flowers / die) 2)(I / wake up late / I / be late for work) 3)(my husband / cook / he / burn the food) 4)(Julie / not wear a hat / she / get sunstroke) 5)(children / not eat well / they / not be healthy) 6)(you / mix water and electricity / you / get a shock) 7) (people / eat / too many sweets / they / get fat) 8)(you / smoke / you / get yellow fingers) 9) (children / play outside / they / not get overweight) 10) (I / speak to John / he / get annoyed) 5 1. If you eat fast food, a) you will gain weight. b) you gains weight. c) you gain weight. d) you gained weight. 2. If you study hard, a) you get good grades. b) you got good grades. c) you getting good grades. d) you will get good grades. 3. When she works early, a) she woke up early. b) she will wake up early. c) she wake up early. d) she wakes up early. Zero conditional 6 4. When the radio plays, a) it's hard to hear you speak. b) it was hard to hear you speak. c) it is hard to hear you spoke. d) it's hard to hear you will speak. 5. I always wear a jacket a) when it will be cold. b) when it is cold. c) when it was cold. d) when it is being cold. 6. He never buys lunch a) if he doesn't has cash. b) if he no have cash. c) if he won't have cash. d) if he doesn't have cash. Zero conditional
- 2. 2 7 7. Does ice melt a) if it is in the sun? b) if it were in the sun? c) if they are in the sun? d) if it will be in the sun? 8. What do you do a) if the teacher was sick? b) if the teacher had been sick? c) if the teacher will be sick? d) if the teacher is sick? 9. Does the computer work a) if you use batteries? b) if you used batteries? c) if you will use batteries? c) if you had used batteries? Zero conditional FIRST CONDITIONAL (1): REAL POSSIBILITY It's used to talk about things which might happen in the future. Of course, we can't know what will happen in the future, but this describes possible things, which could easily come true. a) If it rains, I won't go to the park. b) If I study today, I'll go to the party tonight. c) If I have enough money, I'll buy some new shoes. 8 IF CLAUSE MAIN CLAUSE If present simple, will + infinitive FIRST CONDITIONAL (2) We use the present simple tense to talk about the possible future condition. We use WILL + base verb to talk about the possible future result. The important thing about the first conditional is that there is a real possibility that the condition will happen. a) She'll be late if the train is delayed. b) She'll miss the bus if she doesn't leave soon. c) If I see her, I'll tell her. Sometimes, we use shall, can, or may instead of will: d) If you are good today, you can watch TV tonight. e) If you finish your report tonight, you will be able to hand it in tomorrow. 9 10 First vs. Zero Conditional The first conditional describes a particular situation, whereas the zero conditional describes what happens in general. Zero conditional: If you sit in the sun, you get burned. (here I'm talking about every time a person sits in the sun - the burning is a natural consequence of the sitting) First conditional: If you sit in the sun, you'll get burned. (here I'm talking about what will happen today, another day might be different) WHEN/AS SOON AS/UNLESS It is possible to use other words instead of if in first conditional sentences: 11 ALTERNATIVE TO “IF” WHY USE IT? EXAMPLE When When the “condition” will definitely happen. When I die, I’ll leave all my money to charity. As soon as To emphasize immediacy This situation is very urgent. I’ll call you as soon as I have more information. Unless In place of “if not” You’ll fail the test unless you study. = You’ll fail the test if you don’t study. WHEN When: When the “condition” will definitely happen in the future. a) If I see Sam, I’ll give him your message. (I’m not sure if I will see him or not) b) When I see Sam, I’ll give him your message. (I will definitely see Sam) 12
- 3. 3 AS SOON AS As soon as: To emphasize immediacy. a) My feet hurt! As soon as I get home, I’ll take off these high heels. b) As soon as we have enough money saved, we’ll take a vacation to Costa Rica. We can’t wait! c) I’ll respond to your e-mail as soon as I can. 13 UNLESS Unless: Substitute for “if not.” a) You won’t lose any weight unless you start eating healthier food. = You won’t lose any weight if you don’t start eating healthier food. b) I won’t dance unless somebody invites me. = I will not dance if somebody doesn’t invite me. c) Unless there’s an emergency at work, I’ll be home on time. = If there’s not an emergency at work, I’ll be home on time. 14 15 1) If I ____________ (go) out tonight, I ____________ (go) to the cinema. 2) If you _____________ (get) back late, I ___________ (be) angry. 3) If we ____________ (not/see) each other tomorrow, we ___________________ (see) each other next week. 4) If he ___________ (come) , I ______________ (be) surprised. 5) If we __________ (wait) here, we ____________ (be) late. 6) If we ______________ (go) on holiday this summer, we ______________ (go) to Spain. 16 7) If the weather _______________ (not/improve) , we _______________ (not/have) a picnic. 8) They ____________ (not/go) to the party unless they _______(be) invited. 9) If I _____________ (not/go) to bed early, I __________ (be) tired tomorrow. 10) If we ___________ (eat) all this cake, we___________ (feel) sick. 11) She ____________ (stay) in London when she (get) ______________ a job. 12) If you ____________ (not/want) to go out, I _____________ (cook) dinner at home. 13) I _____________ (come) early, if you ____________ (want). 17 14) He ____________ (not/get) a better job if he _________________ (not/pass) that exam. 15) I ____________ (buy) a new dress as soon as I ___________ (have) enough money. 16) She ____________ (cook) dinner if you _____________ (go) to the supermarket. 17) They ___________ (go) on holiday if they ___________ (have) free time. 18) We _________ (be) late if we _________ (not/hurry). 19) She ___________ (take) a taxi if it __________ (rain). 20) I ____________ (not/go) unless you ___________ (come) with me. 18 Choose the correct option for the 1st conditional sentences. 1. a) When I finish my homework, I will go to the party. b) When I finished my homework, I will go to the party. 2. a) If he want dinner, he will cook. b) If he wants dinner, he will cook. 3. a) If it is cold tomorrow, I stay home. b) If it is cold tomorrow, I will stay home. 4. a) He plays hockey if he has time tomorrow. b) He is going to play hockey if he has time tomorrow. 5. a) She will not watch the movie if the television is broken. b) She will not watch the movie if the television will be broken.
- 4. 4 19 6. a) Richard is going if he has time. b) Richard is going to go if he has time. 7. a) Do you drive if the car has gas? b) Will you drive if the car has gas? 8. a) If you need help, I will do it. b) If you needed help, I will do it. 9. a) I'm going to cook pizza if I can find the ingredients. b) I'm cooking pizza if I can find the ingredients. 10. a) If you are late for the meeting, the manager will unhappy. b) If you are late for the meeting, the manager will be unhappy. 20 Fill in the spaces the correct form of the verbs to complete the 1st conditionals. 1. If it rains tomorrow, I ___________ (not/go) to the park. 2. If she has time, she ____________ (watch) the movie. 3. I won't come to class tomorrow if I ___________ (feel) sick. 4. They will play hockey if it ____________ (be) cold. 5. If he comes to the party, I ___________ (not/come). 6. I _________ (not/leave) home, unless you __________ (call) me. 21 7. If you ______ (go) to class tomorrow, you _____________ (can) understand the conditionals. 8. She ____________ (get) the job as soon as she goes for the interview. 9. We ________ (not/go) if we _________ (have) to work. 10. We ________ (not/go) unless we _________ (be) free from work. 11. Where _______ you _________ (play) if the field ________ (be) occupied? 12. If it is warm this weekend, what ________ you ________ (do)? 22 1) If you ____________ (not study), you _____________ (fail) the test. 2) We _____________ (die) if we ______________ (not get) help soon! 3) If you _______________ (look) in the fridge, you __________________ (find) some cold drinks. 4) If there ______________ (be) no oil in the engine, the car ______________ (break) down. 5) I ______________ (lend) you my umbrella if you _______________ (need) it. 6) I ___________ (call) her as soon as I ____________ (get) home. 7) She _____________ (not/come) to the party unless you ______________ (bring) John. 23 1) The sea level _____________ (rise) if the planet _____________ (get) hotter. 2) If you ____________ (eat) your sandwiches now, you ___________ (have) anything for lunch! 3) You _____________ (be) safe in an accident if you __________ (wear) your seatbelt. 4) If he _______________ (save) all his money, he _____________ (be able to go) on holiday to Canada. 5) I ____________ (not come) with you if you ______________ (not bring) John! 6) We ____________ (not/buy) a new book unless the professor _______________ (decide) to change it. 7) I ____________ (book) the tickets as soon as you ______________ (tell) me who is coming with us. 8) If you __________ (want) to hear from me, just ___________ (call) me! 24 Sources •http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-conditional_5.htm •http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/type0/menu.php •http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/support- files/conditionals_zero_form.pdf •http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/first-conditional-exercise-1.html •http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/first-conditional.html •http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/if_conditional2.php •http://www.learnenglish-online.com/grammar/tests/zeroconditional.html •http://www.learnenglish-online.com/grammar/tests/1stconditional.html •http://www.espressoenglish.net/first-conditional-when-as-soon-as-unless/