Lighting you up in Battlefield 3
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Kenny Magnusson discussed advancements in the Frostbite 2 engine for Battlefield 3 at GDC 2011, focusing on integrating dynamic and pre-baked lighting systems. He outlined the need for real-time radiosity, improved workflows, and better rendering techniques to handle both small and large environments effectively. The presentation emphasized the balance between dynamic and static lighting elements, aiming for a unified system that enhances gameplay experiences.
Lighting you up in Battlefield 3
- 1. Lighting you up in Battlefield 3Kenny Magnusson (DICE)GDC 2011
- 2. Agenda:Past:Battlefield and Mirror's edgeWant:The best from both worldsImprovementsReal-time radiosity lighting systemFrostbite 2How:Real time radiosity architectureSmall environmentsLarge environmentsLightsBest practiceConclusion:Summary:
- 3. PAST:Battlefield Bad Company Frostbite 1Mirror’s EdgeUnreal Engine 3
- 4. PAST:Battlefield Bad Company Frostbite 1Mirror’s EdgeUnreal Engine 3 Forward-renderingNo streamingHemispherical sky/ground light + directional sun light 3 point lighting100% Dynamic shadows, cascaded shadowmaps3 slices, 1024x1024Single (!) point light per objectNo Global IlluminationNo Screen Space Ambient OcclusionStatic sky occlusion maps for buildings & bigger objectsStatic sky occlusion volumes for indoor environments that dynamic objects sampled a single value fromForward-renderingStreamingStatic world / static lightingIlluminate Labs Beast Offline GenerationGlobal Illumination (bounce, emissive, translucent)Stored as directional lightmaps (Radiosity Normal Maps)Dynamic objects (i.e. Faith)Pre-calculated light probes form basis for relighting dynamic objectsCombine most relevant probes to form SH basis for lightingExtract major light axis as “directional light source”Use conventional shadow mapping from extracted directional
- 5. WANT:How could we get the best from both worlds?+ some more..
- 6. WANT:GI In a highly dynamic and destructible environment
- 7. WANT:Indoor
- 8. WANT:Outdoor
- 9. WANT:Large environments with reflective surfaces
- 10. WANT:Lights
- 14. WANT:ImprovementsDeferred renderingMore lighting modelsTranslucency
- 15. WANT:ImprovementsDeferred renderingMore lighting modelsTranslucencyFaster workflows
- 16. WANT:ImprovementsDeferred renderingMore lighting modelsTranslucencyFaster workflowsSimultaneous
- 17. WANT:ImprovementsDeferred renderingMore lighting modelsTranslucencyFaster workflowsSimultaneousParticle lighting
- 18. WANT:ImprovementsDeferred renderingMore lighting modelsTranslucencyFaster workflowsSimultaneousParticle lightingBloom
- 19. WANT:ImprovementsDeferred renderingMore lighting modelsTranslucencyFaster workflowsSimultaneousParticle lightingBloomFilmic Tonemapping
- 20. WANT:Real-time radiosity lighting systemEnlightenGeomericsCambridge, UK based. Spun out of Cambridge UniversityCollaborated over many yearsWorks for all platformsPLAYSTATION®3,XBox 360™, PC for Windows.
- 21. WANT:Frostbite 2
- 22. HOW:”Realtimeradiosity architecture for a game”How does the full lighting pipeline work in Battlefield 3
- 23. HOW:Specular
- 24. HOW:Diffuse
- 30. HOW:Radiosity
- 31. HOW:
- 32. HOW:
- 33. HOW:
- 34. HOW:Lightmap lit geometryLarge and inanimateReceive and bounce lightStatic geometryLightprobe lit geometrySmall and organicOnly receive lightCant bounce lightDynamic and static geometry
- 35. HOW:
- 36. HOW:
- 37. HOW:
- 40. HOW:Lightmaplit geometryDetail geometryUVs generated by projection
- 41. HOW:Lightmaplit geometryDetail geometryUVs generated by projectionNo additional lighting data
- 42. HOW:Lightmaplit geometryDetail geometryUVs generated by projectionNo additional lighting data“Off-axis” lighting comes from directional data in lightmap
- 43. HOW:Lightmaplit geometryDetail geometryUVs generated by projectionNo additional lighting data“Off-axis” lighting comes from directional data in lightmapTarget geometry
- 44. HOW:Lightmaplit geometryDetail geometryUVs generated by projectionNo additional lighting data“Off-axis” lighting comes from directional data in lightmapTarget geometryHas simple UV surface area
- 45. HOW:Lightmaplit geometryDetail geometryUVs generated by projectionNo additional lighting data“Off-axis” lighting comes from directional data in lightmapTarget geometryHas simple UV surface areaPoly count is not importantVarious authoring options
- 46. HOW:Lightmaplit geometryAuthoring of geometryUVsDetail geometry UVTarget geometry UV
- 47. HOW:Detail geometry UVTransferred to the Target geometry UVLightmaplit geometryAuthoring of geometryUVsSurface transfer
- 48. HOW:Detail geometry UVTransferred to the Target geometry UVLightmaplit geometryAuthoring of geometryUVsSurface transfer
- 49. HOW:Target geometry lightmapLightmaplit geometryAuthoring of geometryUVsSurface transfer
- 50. HOW:Target geometry lightmapTransferred to the Detail geometryLightmaplit geometryAuthoring of geometryUVsSurface transfer
- 55. HOW:Runtime lighting pipelineRadiosity pass (CPU)Update indirect lightmaps and lightprobesGeometry pass (GPU)Store indirect lighting in separate G-bufferLight pass (GPU)Render deferred light sourcesAdd indirect lighting from G-buffer
- 57. HOW:Small environmentsSky visibility Environment maps
- 64. HOW:Light
- 65. HOW:Light
- 66. HOW:Light
- 67. HOW:Why is it important to separate some elements in the lighting system?
- 69. HOW:Best practiceComplex geometryStatic radiosity maps
- 70. HOW:Best practiceComplex geometryStatic radiosity mapsReal-time
- 71. HOW:Best practiceComplex geometryStatic radiosity mapsReal-timeStreaming
- 72. HOW:Best practiceComplex geometryStatic radiosity mapsReal-timeStreamingTime laps
- 73. HOW:Best practiceComplex geometryStatic radiosity mapsReal-timeStreamingTime lapsRange
- 74. HOW:Best practiceComplex geometryStatic radiosity mapsReal-timeStreamingTime lapsRangeColor GradingON
- 75. HOW:Best practiceComplex geometryStatic radiosity mapsReal-timeStreamingTime lapsRangeColor GradingOFF
- 76. HOW:Best practiceComplex geometryStatic radiosity mapsReal-timeStreamingTime lapsRangeColor GradingFilmic tone mappingON
- 77. HOW:Best practiceComplex geometryStatic radiosity mapsReal-timeStreamingTime lapsRangeColor GradingFilmic tone mappingOFF
- 78. CONCLUSION:The advantagesTimeFast workflow allowing for more iterationsTimeDesign changes are not as painfulUnified lighting systemOne system to light everything
- 79. CONCLUSION:The disadvantagesMemoryThe radiosity maps uses ‘some’ memoryPerformanceDependent on light probe densitySize and amount of pointlightsAuthoring of geometryIt takes timeGrasp the conceptPrecomputeCan take time depending on size of level
- 80. SUMMARY:WorkflowIt’s dynamic and fast Different Analyze the geometry PCMemory Fully dynamic in game lightingConsolesMemory issueNot fully dynamicShadows realtimeLightprobesOnly intensity not directional
- 81. I want to thank the following:Per Einarsson, TorbjörnMalmerJohan AnderssonRobert KihlJoakim SvärlingChristina Ann CoffinOscar CarlenAndrew Hamilton
- 82. Questions?Email: Kenny@dice.seWWW.dice.seMSN: Louie50028@hotmail.comBattlefield 3 & Frostbite 2 talks at GDC’11:For more DICE talks: http://publications.dice.se