Intro. to Linguistics_6 Phonetics (Organ of Speech, Segment, Articulation)
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The document provides an overview of phonetics, focusing on the organs of speech and the production of segmental sounds, including vowels, diphthongs, and consonants. It describes the characteristics of speech sounds, articulatory phonetics, and the classification of sounds based on voicing, place, and manner of articulation. Detailed explanations of various places of articulation and the manner by which different speech sounds are produced are also included.
![Place of Articulation
Bilabial
The lower and
upper lips approach
or touch each other
as in the
sounds [p], [b],
and [m]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uploadintro-tolinguistics6phoneticsorganofspeechsegmentalarticulation-121103204237-phpapp02/85/Intro-to-Linguistics_6-Phonetics-Organ-of-Speech-Segment-Articulation-30-320.jpg)
![Place of Articulation
Labiodental
The lower lip
approaches or
touches the upper
teeth as in the
sounds [f] and [v]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uploadintro-tolinguistics6phoneticsorganofspeechsegmentalarticulation-121103204237-phpapp02/85/Intro-to-Linguistics_6-Phonetics-Organ-of-Speech-Segment-Articulation-31-320.jpg)
![Place of Articulation
Dental and
Interdental
The tip or blade of
the tongue
approaches or
touches the upper
teeth as in the
sounds [θ] and [ð]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uploadintro-tolinguistics6phoneticsorganofspeechsegmentalarticulation-121103204237-phpapp02/85/Intro-to-Linguistics_6-Phonetics-Organ-of-Speech-Segment-Articulation-32-320.jpg)
![Place of Articulation
Alveolar
The tongue tip
approaches or touches
the alveolar ridge, the
ridge immediately
behind the upper
teeth as in the
sounds [t], [d],
and [n], [s], [z] and [l]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uploadintro-tolinguistics6phoneticsorganofspeechsegmentalarticulation-121103204237-phpapp02/85/Intro-to-Linguistics_6-Phonetics-Organ-of-Speech-Segment-Articulation-33-320.jpg)
![Place of Articulation
Palatal
The body of the tongue approaches or touches the hard
palate as in [j]. The tongue body approaches the hard
palate, but closely enough to create turbulence in the
airstream.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uploadintro-tolinguistics6phoneticsorganofspeechsegmentalarticulation-121103204237-phpapp02/85/Intro-to-Linguistics_6-Phonetics-Organ-of-Speech-Segment-Articulation-34-320.jpg)
![Place of Articulation
Velar
The body of the tongue
approaches or touches
the soft palate, or velum
as in [k], [ɡ], and [ŋ].](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uploadintro-tolinguistics6phoneticsorganofspeechsegmentalarticulation-121103204237-phpapp02/85/Intro-to-Linguistics_6-Phonetics-Organ-of-Speech-Segment-Articulation-35-320.jpg)
![Place of Articulation
Glottal
The glottis is the opening between the vocal folds. In
an [h], this opening is narrow enough to create some
turbulence in the airstream flowing past the vocal folds.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/uploadintro-tolinguistics6phoneticsorganofspeechsegmentalarticulation-121103204237-phpapp02/85/Intro-to-Linguistics_6-Phonetics-Organ-of-Speech-Segment-Articulation-36-320.jpg)
Intro. to Linguistics_6 Phonetics (Organ of Speech, Segment, Articulation)
- 1. INTRODUCTION TO LINGUISTICS 6TH MEETING: PHONETICS (ORGAN OF SPEECH AND SEGMENTAL SOUNDS) By: Edi Brata Mathla’ul Anwar University
- 2. What is Phonetics?1 Organ of Speech2 Segmental Sounds (Vowel, Diphthongs, and Consonants)3 Overview Consonants Articulation (Voicing, Place, and Manner)4
- 5. What is Phonetics? • The general study of the characteristics of speech sounds (Yule, 2006:30) • The study of speech sounds (Fromkin et.al., 2005:222) • The inventory and structure of the sounds speech (O’Grady et.al, 2005:15) • The concrete, instrumentally measurable physical properties and production of speech sounds (Odden, 2005:4) • The study of production, transmission and reception of speech sounds (Todd, 1995:13)
- 6. What is Phonetics? The study of sounds production
- 8. Acoustics (Transmission of speech sounds through the air)
- 10. Articulatory (Production of speech sounds)
- 13. Organ of Speech
- 18. Lip (Labium) Labial
- 19. 1 2 1. Upper Teeth (Dentum) Dental 2. Lower Teeth (Dentum) Dental 3. Uvula Uvular 4. Blade of the Tongue (Laminum) Laminal 5. Back of the Tongue (Dorsum) Dorsal 6. Middle of the Tongue (Medium) Medium 7. Tip of the Tongue (Apex) Apikal 3 5 6 7 4
- 20. Uvula Uvular
- 21. 1. Tip (apex) apikal 2. Blade (lamina/ laminum) laminal 3. Middle (medium) medial 4. Back (dorsum) dorsal Subdivisions of the Tongue
- 22. Ridge (Alveolum) Alveolar
- 23. Soft Palate (Velum) Velar Hard Palate (Palatum) Palatal
- 24. SEGMENTAL SOUNDS
- 25. Vowels Produced with a relatively free flow of air Consonants Formed when the air stream is restricted at some points between the vocal cords and the lips Difthongs ‘Combined’ vowel sounds SEGMENTAL SOUNDS
- 27. Consonants Articulation •Voicing •Place of Articulation •Manner of Articulation
- 28. Voicing Voiced Sounds which are made with vocal fold vibration Voiceless Sounds made without vocal fold vibration
- 30. Place of Articulation Bilabial The lower and upper lips approach or touch each other as in the sounds [p], [b], and [m]
- 31. Place of Articulation Labiodental The lower lip approaches or touches the upper teeth as in the sounds [f] and [v]
- 32. Place of Articulation Dental and Interdental The tip or blade of the tongue approaches or touches the upper teeth as in the sounds [θ] and [ð]
- 33. Place of Articulation Alveolar The tongue tip approaches or touches the alveolar ridge, the ridge immediately behind the upper teeth as in the sounds [t], [d], and [n], [s], [z] and [l]
- 34. Place of Articulation Palatal The body of the tongue approaches or touches the hard palate as in [j]. The tongue body approaches the hard palate, but closely enough to create turbulence in the airstream.
- 35. Place of Articulation Velar The body of the tongue approaches or touches the soft palate, or velum as in [k], [ɡ], and [ŋ].
- 36. Place of Articulation Glottal The glottis is the opening between the vocal folds. In an [h], this opening is narrow enough to create some turbulence in the airstream flowing past the vocal folds.
- 37. Oral Nasal (Velum is lowered, allowing air to enter the nasal cavity) Manners of Articulation
- 38. Manners of Articulation: Bilabial: p b Alveolar: t d Velar: k g Plosives (Think Explosion) or Stops
- 39. Manners of Articulation: Fricatives (Think Friction) Labiodental: f v Alveolar: s z Palato-alveolar or post-alveolar: ʃ Ʒ
- 40. Manners of Articulation: Nasal Bilabial: m Velar: ŋAlveolar: n
- 41. Manners of Articulation: Affricatives A combination of stop + fricative: ʧ = voiceless post-alveolar affricate ʤ = voiced post-alveolar affricate
- 42. Manners of Articulation: Approximant Articulators approach each other but do not touch: w r j
- 43. Manners of Articulation: Lateral Also called lateral approximant; air flows over sides of tongue: l
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