2066 and all that
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1. Traditional scholarly papers are no longer suitable for reporting research as evidence, methods, and authorship have become more complex. 2. Research objects provide a framework for reusable, repeatable, and reproducible reporting of computational research beyond traditional papers. 3. Social machines on the web can help foster communities around research by automating administration and enabling large-scale collaboration between humans and machines.
2066 and all that
- 1. David De Roure 2066 and all that
- 3. A revolutionary idea… Open Science!
- 4. More people Moremachines This is a Fourth Quadrant Talk Big Data Big Compute Conventional Computation The Future! Social Networking e-infrastructure online R&D The Fourth Quadrant
- 5. F i r s t BioEssays,,26(1):99–105,January2004 http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/collaboration/fourthparadigm/
- 6. INT. VERSE VERSE VERSE VERSEBRIDGEBRIDGE OUT. The Problem
- 7. Information Circuits Community Software Execution Digital Music Community annotation Linked Data Repositories Workflows Generate Paper Conference
- 8. Notifications and automatic re-runs Machines are users too Autonomic Curation Self-repair New research?
- 10. Nigel Shadbolt et al
- 11. The challenge is to foster the co-constituted socio-technical system on the right i.e. a computationally-enabled sense- making network of expertise, data, models and narratives. This requires a “social machines” perspective from the outset as well as humanistic input. The Web, and with it Web Science, are an important exemplar. Big data elephant versus sense-making network?
- 12. data method
- 14. Research Objects Computational Research Objects Evolving the myExperiment Social Machine Workflows Packs OAI ORE W3CPROV
- 15. Reusable. The key tenet of Research Objects is to support the sharing and reuse of data, methods and processes. Repurposeable. Reuse may also involve the reuse of constituent parts of the Research Object. Repeatable. There should be sufficient information in a Research Object to be able to repeat the study, perhaps years later. Reproducible. A third party can start with the same inputs and methods and see if a prior result can be confirmed. Replayable. Studies might involve single investigations that happen in milliseconds or protracted processes that take years. Referenceable. If research objects are to augment or replace traditional publication methods, then they must be referenceable or citeable. Revealable. Third parties must be able to audit the steps performed in the research in order to be convinced of the validity of results. Respectful. Explicit representations of the provenance, lineage and flow of intellectual property. The R dimensions Replacing the Paper: The Twelve Rs of the e-Research Record” on http://blogs.nature.com/eresearch/
- 17. Join the W3C Community Group www.w3.org/community/rosc www.researchobject.org
- 18. Real life is and must be full of all kinds of social constraint – the very processes from which society arises. Computers can help if we use them to create abstract social machines on the Web: processes in which the people do the creative work and the machine does the administration… The stage is set for an evolutionary growth of new social engines. Berners-Lee, Weaving the Web, 1999 The Order of Social Machines
- 21. Trajectories... distinguished by purpose Trajectories through Social Machines https://sites.google.com/site/bwebobs13/
- 23. 1. It was no longer possible to include the evidence in the paper – container failure! “A PDF exploded today when a scientist tried to paste in the twitter firehose…”
- 24. 2. It was no longer possible to reconstruct a scientific experiment based on a paper alone
- 25. 3. Writing for increasingly specialist audiences restricted essential multidisciplinary re-use Grand Challenge Areas: • Energy • Living with Environmental Change • Global Uncertainties • Lifelong Health and Wellbeing • Digital Economy • Nanoscience • Food Security • Connected Communities • Resilient Economy
- 26. 4. Research records needed to be readable by computer to support automation and curation A computationally-enabled sense-making network of expertise, data, models and narratives.
- 27. 5. Single authorship gave way to casts of thousands
- 28. 6. Quality control models scaled poorly with the increasing volume
- 29. 7. Alternative reporting necessary for compliance with regulations
- 30. 8. Research funders frustrated by inefficiencies in scholarly communication An investment is only worthwhile if • Outputs are discoverable • Outputs are reusable • Outputs accrue value
- 31. Discussion points 1. Citation in tomorrow’s sense-making network of humans and machines: – What are the artefacts / social objects? – How and why are they cited? 2. Think about an ecosystem of interacting Scholarly Social Machines 3. Science as Social Computation?
- 32. Thanks to Jun Zhao, Kevin Page, my{Experiment,Grid}, wf4ever david.deroure@oerc.ox.ac.uk www.oerc.ox.ac.uk/people/dder http://www.scilogs.com/eresearch @dder www.digitalsocialresearch.net digital.humanities.ox.ac.uk www.researchobject.org www.software.ac.uk webscience.org