Database Management System and CYBERCRIME
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The document provides an overview of database management systems (DBMS) and their significance in organizing and managing data. It highlights the components of a DBMS, including software, hardware, data, procedures, and database access language, while also addressing cybercrime and cyberterrorism, defining key terms and actions related to these topics. Additionally, it discusses the various online spying tools and methods hackers use to exploit digital environments.
Database Management System and CYBERCRIME
- 3. Database • Organized collection of logically related data is called Database. • In a relational database, a data item is called a column or attribute, a record is called a row or tuple, and a file is called a table.
- 4. DBMS Database management system (DBMS) is a software system that enables the use of a database approach. The primary purpose of a DBMS is – It provides a systematic method of creating, updating, storing, and retrieving the data stored in a database. – It enables end users and application programmers to share data, and – it enables data to be shared among multiple applications.
- 5. Components Components of DBMS – A database management system (DBMS) consists of several components. Each component plays very important role in the database management system environment. The major components of database management system are: – Software – Hardware – Data – Procedures – Database Access Language
- 6. Components Software – The main component of a DBMS is the software. It is the set of programs used to handle the database and to control and manage the overall computerized database. Hardware • Hardware consists of a set of physical electronic devices such as computers with associated I/O devices, storage devices that make interface between computers and the real world systems etc and so on. It is impossible to implement the DBMS without the hardware devices, In a network, a powerful computer with high data processing speed and a storage device with large storage capacity is required as database server.
- 7. Components Data – Data is the most important component of the DBMS. The main purpose of DBMS is to process the data. In DBMS, databases are defined, constructed and then data is stored, updated and retrieved to and from the databases. The database contains both the actual (or operational) data and the metadata (data about data or description about data). Procedures – Procedures refer to the instructions and rules that help to design the database and to use the DBMS.
- 8. Components Database Access Language – The database access language is used to access the data to and from the database. The users use the database access language to enter new data, change the existing data in database and to retrieve required data from databases. – The most popular database access language is SQL (Structured Query Language). Users – The users are the people who manage the databases and perform different operations on the databases in the database system.
- 9. Keywords – word or identifier that has a particular meaning. Database keywords are the words that have unique meaning in Database . Example of some keywords(SQL) are: – DDL: Create, Alter, Drop, Truncate etc. – DCL: Grant, Revoke etc. – DML: Insert, Delete, Update etc.
- 10. Example of DB
- 11. Cyber Crime and Terrorism
- 12. Definition – Cybercrime is defined as a crime in which a computer is the object of the crime (hacking, phishing, spamming) or is used as a tool to commit an offense (child pornography, hate crimes). Cybercriminals may use computer technology to access personal information, business trade secrets, or use the Internet for exploitive or malicious purposes. Criminals can also use computers for communication and document or data storage. Criminals who perform these illegal activities are often referred to as hackers. – Cyberterrorism is a cyber attack using or exploiting computer or communication networks to cause sufficient destruction to generate fear or intimidate a society into an ideological goal.
- 13. Hacking – Using a computer to enter another network – Cost users $1.3 trillion in 2003 – Hackers motivation – Recreational hacking – Financial hackers – Hacking methods – Sniffing(Insecure data) – Social engineering – Spoofing(masquerades)
- 14. Online Spying Tool – Cookies – Files delivered from a web site – Originally improved a site’s function – Cookies now track history and passwords – Browsers include cookie blocking tools
- 15. Online Spying Tool – Spyware – Software downloaded to a computer – Designed to record personal information – Typically undesired software – Hides from users – Several programs exist to eliminate
- 16. Online Spying Tool – Web bugs – Small programs embedded in gif images – Gets around cookie blocking tools – Companies use to track usage – Blocked with spyware killers
- 17. Online Spying Tool – Spam – Unsolicited commercial email – Networks and PCs need a spam blocker – Stop spam before reaching the inbox – Spammers acquire addresses using many methods – CAN-SPAM Act passed in 2003