Disaster management, env need assesment
- 1. ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH NEEDS ASSESSMENT IN POST DISASTER SITUATION (Principles for Reconstruction) Fuad Amsyari MD, PhD Presented at International Seminar on Disaster Management, Airlangga Medical School, Surabaya, 16 June 2012
- 2. 1. DISASTER 2. ENVIRONMENT 3. HEALTH 4. ASSESSMENT 5. PROSPECT
- 3. 1. DISASTER: A SUDDEN GREAT MISFORTUNE, i.e. ONE BRINGING WITH IT DESTRUCTION OF LIFE OR PROPERTY OR CAUSING COMPLETE RUIN
- 4. It may happen in a limited or vast area
- 5. People must response it with adequate actions to save their life (including health) and belongings (including the environment where they live) Including: Reconstraction at Post Disaster Tragedy
- 6. THE SEQUENCE OF DISASTER OCCURANCE: 1. Pre Disaster Condition 2. Disaster 3. Post Disaster Situation
- 7. POST DISASTER SITUATION NEEDS TO BE ASSESSED FOR BASIS OF PROPER RECONSTRUCTION
- 8. ASSESSMENT COVERS: PRINCIPLES and DATA on ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH
- 9. PROPER RECONSTRACTION is supposed leading to BETTER ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH for the people
- 10. 2. ENVIRONMENT EVERYTHING BEYOND INDIVIDUAL SYSTEM, covering Social, Bio-Chemical, and Physical components
- 11. PRINCIPLES ON ENVIRONMENT ECOLOGICAL THEORY and CONCEPT OF ECOSYSTEM
- 12. ECOSYSTEM an entity in which there are complex interactions between people, plants, animals, and materials in such a way making and toward stability
- 13. THE DYNAMIC OF ECOSYSTEM: Stable Natural Ecosystem, - by Natural Disaster - by Human Activities Unstable Ecosystem, - ecological succession process - through management Restabilized Ecosystem: - natural - man made
- 14. ECOSYSTEM IS FOR: -Energy sources (food and non-food) -Habitat to stay and live (convenience surroundings)
- 15. ECOSYSTEM QUALITY: = Degradation: loosing natural resources = Pollution: habitat in unhealthy condition
- 16. MAN and ECOSYSTEM: -Man is UNSEPARABLE PARTS of ecosystem -Stable ecosystem makes human life in harmony -Unstable ecosystem makes people in disharmony
- 17. NATURAL DISASTER MAKES ECOSYSTEM UNSTABLE, EFFORTS MUST BE MADE TO STABLIZE IT AGAIN TO PROVIDE HARMONY
- 18. IF NATURAL DISASTER OCCURS IN VAST AREA: THE RECONSTRUCTION MUST OBEY ECOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES FOR SPATIAL PLANNING OF A REGION
- 19. ECOLOGICAL RULES: Fuel Powered Ecosystem (City/Industries) must be supported sufficiently by: Subsidized Natural Ecosystem (Agriculture) and Natural Ecosystem (Forest)
- 20. IF NATURAL DISASTER OCCURS IN LIMITED AREA: THE RECONSTRUCTION IS TO RECOVER THE PRIOR ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AREA
- 21. IF NATURAL DISASTER OCCURS IN SPECIFIC AREA, i.e. A CITY: THE RECONSTRUCTION IS DIRECTED TO BUILD IDEAL SPATIAL PLANNING OF A CITY
- 22. CITY SPATIAL PLANNING: - Green Belt Zone - Residential Area - Industrial Zone - Public Facilities - Transportation Network
- 23. An Ideal City has: 20% area for Green Belt 20% area for Transportation
- 24. Green Belt Area, 75% of which is planted with trees
- 25. 3. HEALTH (WHO DEFINITION) ‘a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity’. The state of health of a person is quite dynamic, subject to environmental quality
- 26. IMPORTANCE OF HEALTH: Health is not everything, but without health everything becomes nothing
- 27. DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH Genetic System Environment - Activation of Selective Genes (epigenetic mechanism) - Point Mutation
- 28. As Genetic System is subject to Environment, so the dominant determinant of health status stays on the Quality of Environment
- 29. NEW PARADIGM IN HEALTH: Better Health by Holistic Approach through Healthy Environment.
- 30. MOST RECENT ORIENTATION ON MEDICAL/HEALTH SERVICES Predict and Prevent rather than Simply Respond to Epidemic/Pandemic Case
- 31. HEALTH ECOLOGY rather than CLASSICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
- 32. THOSE NEW ORIENTATION IS BENEFICIAL FOR ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH ASESSMENT IN POST DISASTER SITUATION
- 33. 4. ASSESSMENT The Act of Assessing, i.e. to determine the importance or value of a subject of interest
- 34. DATA TO BE ASSESSED: 1. DISASTER - Type of disaster - Time of occurrence - Single or Prolonged - New or Recurrent
- 35. 2. ENVIRONMENT -Area of impact -Type of Ecosystem ruined - Zones of city destroyed - Housing - Infrastructure - Economic assets - Cultural asset - Quality of Air, Water, and Land
- 36. 3. HEALTH - Mortality and Morbidity Rate - Projection no. of victims - Spreading of disease agents - Identification of high risk group - Availability of Food & Drinking water -Availability of Sanitation - Availability of Health Facilities
- 37. 5. PROSPECT
- 38. THE HANDLING OF POST DISASTER SITUATION REQUIRES: Quick and Proper Actions by Government (Most Resposible) Supported by: Scientific Society Private Sectors Communities
- 39. RECONSTRUCTION AT POST DISASTER TRAGEDY should include BETTER STRATEGY ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE AREA
- 40. Precautious Actions against potential occurrence of Disasters: -identification of high risk area -surveillance via pre-emptive signal
- 41. New Strategy on Development is required, i.e.: “Religion and Environment Based National Development” to prevent/minimize frequent occurrences of Natural and Man-Made Disasters (detailed information at my blog: fuadamsyari.wordpress.com)
- 42. People believe that NATURAL DISASTERS is God’s Warnings for unfaithful community
- 43. MAN-MADE DISASTERS is the impact of Development Strategy neglecting ENVIRONMENT