Dld lecture module 04 01
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This document discusses registers, register transfer, and binary logic in digital systems. It contains the following key points: 1. Registers are used to store and hold binary information in a computer system. Register transfer involves moving data between registers, such as from an input register to a processor register. 2. The control unit uses registers to track computer sequences. Data must be stored in a register when transferred to or from an input/output device. 3. Binary logic deals with variables that can take on two values (0 or 1) and logical operations on these values. Logic gates are used to manipulate bits.
Dld lecture module 04 01
- 1. 5/8/2012 1 Digital Logic & Design Dr. SajjadAhmed Nadeem Department of Computer Science & IT University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir Muzaffarabad Module-04 — Registers. — Register Transfer. — Binary Logic. — Gates.
- 2. 5/8/2012 2 Registers Functions of Commonly used Registers (IR) (AC)
- 3. 5/8/2012 3 RegisterTransfer — The CU uses Registers to keep track of various computer sequences. — Every input or output device must have at least one register to store the information transferred to or from the device. — An inter-register transfer operation,a basic operation in digital system, consists of a transfer of the information stored in one register to another. RegisterTransfer
- 4. 5/8/2012 4 RegisterTransfer — The input unit is assumed to have a keyboard,a control unit, and an input register. — Each time a key is struck, the control enters into the input register an equivalent 8 bit alphanumeric character code (assume code is ASCII). — The information from the input register is transferred into the eight least significant cells of a processor register. RegisterTransfer — After every transfer, the input register is cleared to enable the control to insert a new 8 bit code when the keyboard is struck again. — Each 8 bit character transferred to the processor register is preceded by a shift of the previous character to the next 8 cells on its left. — When the transfer of characters is completed, the processor register is full, and its contents are transferred into a memory register.
- 5. 5/8/2012 5 RegisterTransfer — To process discrete quantities of information in binary form, a computer must be provided with, i. Devices that hold the data to be processed. ii. Circuit elements that manipulate individual bits of information. — The device most commonly used for holding data is register. — Manipulation of binary variables is done by means of digital logic circuits. RegisterTransfer
- 6. 5/8/2012 6 RegisterTransfer — Process of adding two 10 bit binary numbers. — Memory unit, which normally consists of thousands of registers, is shown with only 3 of its registers. — Processor is shown with 3 registers, R1,R2,R3, together with Digital Logic Circuit that manipulate the bits of R1 and R2 and transfer into R3, their sum. RegisterTransfer — Information stored in memory can be transferred to processor registers, and Results obtained in processor registers can be transferred back into a memory register for storage. — The registers of a system are the basic elements for storing and holding the binary information. — The Digital Logic Circuits process the information.
- 7. 5/8/2012 7 Binary Logic — Binary Logic deals with variable that take on two discrete values and with operations that assume logical meaning. — Binary logic is used to describe in a mathematical way, the manipulation and processing of binary information. — It is particularly suited for the analysis and design of digital systems. — It is also termed as BooleanAlgebra. Boolean Algebra
- 8. 5/8/2012 8 Operator Precedence Binary logic — Binary logic deals with variables that take on two discrete values and operations that assume logical meaning. — Logic gates: electronic circuits that operate on one or more input signals to produce an output signal. — Example x y x AND y 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 16
- 9. 5/8/2012 9 17 Electrical signals Two values: 0 or 1 18 Symbols for digital logic circuits
- 10. 5/8/2012 10 19 Input-Output signals for gates 20 Gates with multiple inputs