Embedded system and its platforms
- 1. -- by Prof. M.K.Deshkar Embedded System
- 2. System A system is an arrangement in which all its unit assemble work together according to a set of rules. It can also be defined as a way of working, organizing or doing one or many tasks according to a fixed plan. Its components follow a set of rules to show time. If one of its parts fails, the watch will stop working. So we can say, in a system, all its subcomponents depend on each other.
- 3. Embedded System •An embedded system can be thought of as a computer hardware system having software embedded in it. •An embedded system can be an independent system or it can be a part of a large system. •An embedded system is a microcontroller or microprocessor based system which is designed to perform a specific task. An embedded system has three components: •It has hardware. •It has application software. •It has Real Time Operating system (RTOS) that supervises the application software and provide mechanism to let the processor run a process as per scheduling by following a plan to control the latencies.
- 4. Basic Structure of an Embedded System
- 5. Characteristics of an Embedded System Single-functioned Tightly constrained Reactive and Real time Microprocessors based Memory Connected HW-SW systems Advantages Easily Customizable Low power consumption Low cost Enhanced performance Disadvantages High development effort Larger time to market
- 6. •Open source provides a path to use or develop hardware and software that has been created by thousands of contributors around the world. • Embedded target boards are either open source or proprietary • There are many points to be considered while choosing open source, some of which are as follows: Open Source Nature Protection Availability •There are dozens of Open Source Embedded Platforms in market- 1 Raspberry Pi 3 B+ •The Raspberry Pi development board is a small pocket-sized computer running the Raspbian operating system, which is a variant of Debian Linux. •It is a low-cost embedded board with high reliability. •It supports various on-board peripherals like I2C, SPI, an HDMI interface, a Camera interface, a UART interface, and SDIO (Secure digital input output) for a SD card interface. •The board comes up with software APIs and routines for application programming. •It also has OTG (On the Go programming) for USB applications. Open Source Embedded Platforms
- 7. 2 Intel Galileo Gen 2 The Galileo development board comes from Intel and features an Intel Quark SoC X1000 processor. It is designed using Pentium technology. The advantage of this board is it is compatible with shields for the Arduino Uno R3. 3 Arduino Mega 2560 The board features an 8-bit ATmega2560 microcontroller running at 16MHz. It has 54 digital Input/output pins and 16 analog inputs. The board has four UARTs and can be programmed using the Arduino IDE. It is also compatible with other variants of Arduino shields. 4 Odroid-C2 The ODROID-C2 is a 64-bit quad-core (SBC) that is suitable for applications like multimedia, gaming, and consumer electronics. It can also work as a standalone computer with available open source software packages. 5 PandaBoard The PandaBoard is a low-power, low-cost development board based on TI's OMAP4460 (Open media application platform). This board supports operating systems like Windows, Linux, Window CE, Palm OS, and Symbian. Etc are the open source Embedded Platforms .
- 8. Benefits Of Being Open-source •Low cost due •Many pre-written example software modules •A range of hardware boards, which have been proven in thousands of projects, to get you started. •A fantastic community of other users posting ideas and examples for you to use.
- 9. •Sensor is a device that when exposed to a physical phenomenon (temperature, displacement, force, etc.) produces a proportional output signal (electrical, mechanical, magnetic, etc.). •The term transducer is often used synonymously with sensors. However, ideally, a sensor is a device that responds to a change in the physical phenomenon. On the other hand, a transducer is a device that converts one form of energy into another form of energy. •Sensors are transducers when they sense one form of energy input and output in a different form of energy •Linear and Rotational Sensors •Acceleration Sensors •Force, Torque, and Pressure Sensors •Flow Sensors •Temperature Sensors • Proximity Sensors •Light Sensors Sensor
- 10. •Actuators are basically the muscle behind a mechatronics system that accepts a control command (mostly in the form of an electrical signal) and produces a change in the physical system by generating force, motion, heat, flow, etc. •The actuators are used in conjunction with the power supply and a coupling mechanism •The power unit provides either AC or DC power at the rated voltage and current. •The coupling mechanism acts as the interface between the actuator and the physical system. Typical mechanisms include rack and pinion, gear drive, belt drive, lead screw and nut, piston, and linkages. Actuators
- 12. •Analog DASs are used for measurement systems with wide bandwidth. But the accuracy is less. • Digital DASs which have high accuracy, low per-channel cost and narrow bandwidth (slowly varying signal) are designed. • The transducer translates physical parameters to electrical signals acceptable by the acquisition system. •signal conditioner circuit may provide excitation power, balancing circuits and calibration elements •The scanner or multiplexer accepts multiple analog inputs and sequentially connects them to one measuring instrument. • The signal converter translates the analog signal to a form acceptable by the analog to digital converter •The analog to digital converter (ADC) converts the analog voltage to its equivalent digital form. •Digital recorder may be preceded by a coupling unit that translates the digital information to the proper form for entry into particular digital recorder selected.
- 13. THANK YOU